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1234779 Commits
| Author | SHA1 | Message | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Randy Dunlap
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d5f6057cf0 |
maple_tree: fix typos/spellos etc
Fix typos/grammar and spellos in documentation. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231210063839.29967-1-rdunlap@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Jiapeng Chong
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03d69d49da |
maple_tree: fix warning comparing pointer to 0
Avoid pointer type value compared with 0 to make code clear. ./tools/testing/radix-tree/maple.c:34142:15-16: WARNING comparing pointer to 0. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231208020450.7003-1-jiapeng.chong@linux.alibaba.com Reported-by: Abaci Robot <abaci@linux.alibaba.com> Closes: https://bugzilla.openanolis.cn/show_bug.cgi?id=7696 Signed-off-by: Jiapeng Chong <jiapeng.chong@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ryan Roberts
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c0f7910332 |
selftests/mm/cow: add tests for anonymous multi-size THP
Add tests similar to the existing PMD-sized THP tests, but which operate on memory backed by (PTE-mapped) multi-size THP. This reuses all the existing infrastructure. If the test suite detects that multi-size THP is not supported by the kernel, the new tests are skipped. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231207161211.2374093-11-ryan.roberts@arm.com Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Tested-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Tested-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Yin Fengwei <fengwei.yin@intel.com> Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ryan Roberts
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12dc16b384 |
selftests/mm/cow: generalize do_run_with_thp() helper
do_run_with_thp() prepares (PMD-sized) THP memory into different states before running tests. With the introduction of multi-size THP, we would like to reuse this logic to also test those smaller THP sizes. So let's add a thpsize parameter which tells the function what size THP it should operate on. A separate commit will utilize this change to add new tests for multi-size THP, where available. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231207161211.2374093-10-ryan.roberts@arm.com Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Tested-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Tested-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Yin Fengwei <fengwei.yin@intel.com> Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ryan Roberts
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9f0704eae8 |
selftests/mm/khugepaged: enlighten for multi-size THP
The `collapse_max_ptes_none` test was previously failing when a THP size less than PMD-size had enabled="always". The root cause is because the test faults in 1 page less than the threshold it set for collapsing. But when THP is enabled always, we "over allocate" and therefore the threshold is passed, and collapse unexpectedly succeeds. Solve this by enlightening khugepaged selftest. Add a command line option to pass in the desired THP size that should be used for all anonymous allocations. The harness will then explicitly configure a THP size as requested and modify the `collapse_max_ptes_none` test so that it faults in the threshold minus the number of pages in the configured THP size. If no command line option is provided, default to order 0, as per previous behaviour. I chose to use an order in the command line interface, since this makes the interface agnostic of base page size, making it easier to invoke from run_vmtests.sh. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231207161211.2374093-9-ryan.roberts@arm.com Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Tested-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Tested-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Yin Fengwei <fengwei.yin@intel.com> Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ryan Roberts
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4f5070a5e4 |
selftests/mm: support multi-size THP interface in thp_settings
Save and restore the new per-size hugepage enabled setting, if available on the running kernel. Since the number of per-size directories is not fixed, solve this as simply as possible by catering for a maximum number in the thp_settings struct (20). Each array index is the order. The value of THP_NEVER is changed to 0 so that all of these new settings default to THP_NEVER and the user only needs to fill in the ones they want to enable. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231207161211.2374093-8-ryan.roberts@arm.com Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Tested-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Tested-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Yin Fengwei <fengwei.yin@intel.com> Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ryan Roberts
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00679a183a |
selftests/mm: factor out thp settings management
The khugepaged test has a useful framework for save/restore/pop/push of all thp settings via the sysfs interface. This will be useful to explicitly control multi-size THP settings in other tests, so let's move it out of khugepaged and into its own thp_settings.[c|h] utility. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231207161211.2374093-7-ryan.roberts@arm.com Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Tested-by: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Tested-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Tested-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Yin Fengwei <fengwei.yin@intel.com> Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ryan Roberts
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b6aab3384c |
selftests/mm/kugepaged: restore thp settings at exit
Previously, the saved thp settings would be restored upon a signal or at the natural end of the test suite. But there are some tests that directly call exit() upon failure. In this case, the thp settings were not being restored, which could then influence other tests. Fix this by installing an atexit() handler to do the actual restore. The signal handler can now just call exit() and the atexit handler is invoked. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231207161211.2374093-6-ryan.roberts@arm.com Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Tested-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Tested-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Yin Fengwei <fengwei.yin@intel.com> Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ryan Roberts
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19eaf44954 |
mm: thp: support allocation of anonymous multi-size THP
Introduce the logic to allow THP to be configured (through the new sysfs interface we just added) to allocate large folios to back anonymous memory, which are larger than the base page size but smaller than PMD-size. We call this new THP extension "multi-size THP" (mTHP). mTHP continues to be PTE-mapped, but in many cases can still provide similar benefits to traditional PMD-sized THP: Page faults are significantly reduced (by a factor of e.g. 4, 8, 16, etc. depending on the configured order), but latency spikes are much less prominent because the size of each page isn't as huge as the PMD-sized variant and there is less memory to clear in each page fault. The number of per-page operations (e.g. ref counting, rmap management, lru list management) are also significantly reduced since those ops now become per-folio. Some architectures also employ TLB compression mechanisms to squeeze more entries in when a set of PTEs are virtually and physically contiguous and approporiately aligned. In this case, TLB misses will occur less often. The new behaviour is disabled by default, but can be enabled at runtime by writing to /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/hugepage-XXkb/enabled (see documentation in previous commit). The long term aim is to change the default to include suitable lower orders, but there are some risks around internal fragmentation that need to be better understood first. [ryan.roberts@arm.com: resolve some multi-size THP review nits] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231214160251.3574571-1-ryan.roberts@arm.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231207161211.2374093-5-ryan.roberts@arm.com Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Tested-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Tested-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Yin Fengwei <fengwei.yin@intel.com> Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ryan Roberts
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3485b88390 |
mm: thp: introduce multi-size THP sysfs interface
In preparation for adding support for anonymous multi-size THP, introduce new sysfs structure that will be used to control the new behaviours. A new directory is added under transparent_hugepage for each supported THP size, and contains an `enabled` file, which can be set to "inherit" (to inherit the global setting), "always", "madvise" or "never". For now, the kernel still only supports PMD-sized anonymous THP, so only 1 directory is populated. The first half of the change converts transhuge_vma_suitable() and hugepage_vma_check() so that they take a bitfield of orders for which the user wants to determine support, and the functions filter out all the orders that can't be supported, given the current sysfs configuration and the VMA dimensions. The resulting functions are renamed to thp_vma_suitable_orders() and thp_vma_allowable_orders() respectively. Convenience functions that take a single, unencoded order and return a boolean are also defined as thp_vma_suitable_order() and thp_vma_allowable_order(). The second half of the change implements the new sysfs interface. It has been done so that each supported THP size has a `struct thpsize`, which describes the relevant metadata and is itself a kobject. This is pretty minimal for now, but should make it easy to add new per-thpsize files to the interface if needed in future (e.g. per-size defrag). Rather than keep the `enabled` state directly in the struct thpsize, I've elected to directly encode it into huge_anon_orders_[always|madvise|inherit] bitfields since this reduces the amount of work required in thp_vma_allowable_orders() which is called for every page fault. See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/transhuge.rst, as modified by this commit, for details of how the new sysfs interface works. [ryan.roberts@arm.com: fix build warning when CONFIG_SYSFS is disabled] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231211125320.3997543-1-ryan.roberts@arm.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231207161211.2374093-4-ryan.roberts@arm.com Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com> Tested-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Tested-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Yin Fengwei <fengwei.yin@intel.com> Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ryan Roberts
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372cbd4d5a |
mm: non-pmd-mappable, large folios for folio_add_new_anon_rmap()
In preparation for supporting anonymous multi-size THP, improve folio_add_new_anon_rmap() to allow a non-pmd-mappable, large folio to be passed to it. In this case, all contained pages are accounted using the order-0 folio (or base page) scheme. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231207161211.2374093-3-ryan.roberts@arm.com Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Reviewed-by: Yin Fengwei <fengwei.yin@intel.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com> Tested-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Tested-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Ryan Roberts
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7dc7c5ef64 |
mm: allow deferred splitting of arbitrary anon large folios
Patch series "Multi-size THP for anonymous memory", v9. A series to implement multi-size THP (mTHP) for anonymous memory (previously called "small-sized THP" and "large anonymous folios"). The objective of this is to improve performance by allocating larger chunks of memory during anonymous page faults: 1) Since SW (the kernel) is dealing with larger chunks of memory than base pages, there are efficiency savings to be had; fewer page faults, batched PTE and RMAP manipulation, reduced lru list, etc. In short, we reduce kernel overhead. This should benefit all architectures. 2) Since we are now mapping physically contiguous chunks of memory, we can take advantage of HW TLB compression techniques. A reduction in TLB pressure speeds up kernel and user space. arm64 systems have 2 mechanisms to coalesce TLB entries; "the contiguous bit" (architectural) and HPA (uarch). This version incorporates David's feedback on the core patches (#3, #4) and adds some RB and TB tags (see change log for details). By default, the existing behaviour (and performance) is maintained. The user must explicitly enable multi-size THP to see the performance benefit. This is done via a new sysfs interface (as recommended by David Hildenbrand - thanks to David for the suggestion)! This interface is inspired by the existing per-hugepage-size sysfs interface used by hugetlb, provides full backwards compatibility with the existing PMD-size THP interface, and provides a base for future extensibility. See [9] for detailed discussion of the interface. This series is based on mm-unstable (715b67adf4c8). Prerequisites ============= I'm removing this section on the basis that I don't believe what we were previously calling prerequisites are really prerequisites anymore. We originally defined them when mTHP was a compile-time feature. There is now a runtime control to opt-in to mTHP; when disabled, correctness and performance are as before. When enabled, the code is still correct/robust, but in the absence of the one remaining item (compaction) there may be a performance impact in some corners. See the old list in the v8 cover letter at [8]. And a longer explanation of my thinking here [10]. SUMMARY: I don't think we should hold this series up, waiting for the items on the prerequisites list. I believe this series should be ready now so hopefully can be added to mm-unstable for some testing, then fingers crossed for v6.8. Testing ======= The series includes patches for mm selftests to enlighten the cow and khugepaged tests to explicitly test with multi-size THP, in the same way that PMD-sized THP is tested. The new tests all pass, and no regressions are observed in the mm selftest suite. I've also run my usual kernel compilation and java script benchmarks without any issues. Refer to my performance numbers posted with v6 [6]. (These are for multi-size THP only - they do not include the arm64 contpte follow-on series). John Hubbard at Nvidia has indicated dramatic 10x performance improvements for some workloads at [11]. (Observed using v6 of this series as well as the arm64 contpte series). Kefeng Wang at Huawei has also indicated he sees improvements at [12] although there are some latency regressions also. I've also checked that there is no regression in the write fault path when mTHP is disabled using a microbenchmark. I ran it for a baseline kernel, as well as v8 and v9. I repeated on Ampere Altra (bare metal) and Apple M2 (VM): | | m2 vm | altra | |--------------|---------------------|---------------------| | kernel | mean | std_rel | mean | std_rel | |--------------|----------|----------|----------|----------| | baseline | 0.000% | 0.341% | 0.000% | 3.581% | | anonfolio-v8 | 0.005% | 0.272% | 5.068% | 1.128% | | anonfolio-v9 | -0.013% | 0.442% | 0.107% | 1.788% | There is no measurable difference on M2, but altra has a slow down in v8 which is fixed in v9 by moving the THP order check to be inline within thp_vma_allowable_orders(), as suggested by David. This patch (of 10): In preparation for the introduction of anonymous multi-size THP, we would like to be able to split them when they have unmapped subpages, in order to free those unused pages under memory pressure. So remove the artificial requirement that the large folio needed to be at least PMD-sized. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231207161211.2374093-1-ryan.roberts@arm.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231207161211.2374093-2-ryan.roberts@arm.com Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Reviewed-by: Yin Fengwei <fengwei.yin@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com> Tested-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Tested-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Itaru Kitayama <itaru.kitayama@gmail.com> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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Yosry Ahmed
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7d7ef0a468 |
mm: memcg: restore subtree stats flushing
Stats flushing for memcg currently follows the following rules: - Always flush the entire memcg hierarchy (i.e. flush the root). - Only one flusher is allowed at a time. If someone else tries to flush concurrently, they skip and return immediately. - A periodic flusher flushes all the stats every 2 seconds. The reason this approach is followed is because all flushes are serialized by a global rstat spinlock. On the memcg side, flushing is invoked from userspace reads as well as in-kernel flushers (e.g. reclaim, refault, etc). This approach aims to avoid serializing all flushers on the global lock, which can cause a significant performance hit under high concurrency. This approach has the following problems: - Occasionally a userspace read of the stats of a non-root cgroup will be too expensive as it has to flush the entire hierarchy [1]. - Sometimes the stats accuracy are compromised if there is an ongoing flush, and we skip and return before the subtree of interest is actually flushed, yielding stale stats (by up to 2s due to periodic flushing). This is more visible when reading stats from userspace, but can also affect in-kernel flushers. The latter problem is particulary a concern when userspace reads stats after an event occurs, but gets stats from before the event. Examples: - When memory usage / pressure spikes, a userspace OOM handler may look at the stats of different memcgs to select a victim based on various heuristics (e.g. how much private memory will be freed by killing this). Reading stale stats from before the usage spike in this case may cause a wrongful OOM kill. - A proactive reclaimer may read the stats after writing to memory.reclaim to measure the success of the reclaim operation. Stale stats from before reclaim may give a false negative. - Reading the stats of a parent and a child memcg may be inconsistent (child larger than parent), if the flush doesn't happen when the parent is read, but happens when the child is read. As for in-kernel flushers, they will occasionally get stale stats. No regressions are currently known from this, but if there are regressions, they would be very difficult to debug and link to the source of the problem. This patch aims to fix these problems by restoring subtree flushing, and removing the unified/coalesced flushing logic that skips flushing if there is an ongoing flush. This change would introduce a significant regression with global stats flushing thresholds. With per-memcg stats flushing thresholds, this seems to perform really well. The thresholds protect the underlying lock from unnecessary contention. This patch was tested in two ways to ensure the latency of flushing is up to par, on a machine with 384 cpus: - A synthetic test with 5000 concurrent workers in 500 cgroups doing allocations and reclaim, as well as 1000 readers for memory.stat (variation of [2]). No regressions were noticed in the total runtime. Note that significant regressions in this test are observed with global stats thresholds, but not with per-memcg thresholds. - A synthetic stress test for concurrently reading memcg stats while memory allocation/freeing workers are running in the background, provided by Wei Xu [3]. With 250k threads reading the stats every 100ms in 50k cgroups, 99.9% of reads take <= 50us. Less than 0.01% of reads take more than 1ms, and no reads take more than 100ms. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CABWYdi0c6__rh-K7dcM_pkf9BJdTRtAU08M43KO9ME4-dsgfoQ@mail.gmail.com/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAJD7tka13M-zVZTyQJYL1iUAYvuQ1fcHbCjcOBZcz6POYTV-4g@mail.gmail.com/ [3] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAAPL-u9D2b=iF5Lf_cRnKxUfkiEe0AMDTu6yhrUAzX0b6a6rDg@mail.gmail.com/ [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix mm/zswap.c] [yosryahmed@google.com: remove stats flushing mutex] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAJD7tkZgP3m-VVPn+fF_YuvXeQYK=tZZjJHj=dzD=CcSSpp2qg@mail.gmail.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231129032154.3710765-6-yosryahmed@google.com Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Tested-by: Domenico Cerasuolo <cerasuolodomenico@gmail.com> Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Ivan Babrou <ivan@cloudflare.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutny <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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|
Yosry Ahmed
|
b006847222 |
mm: workingset: move the stats flush into workingset_test_recent()
The workingset code flushes the stats in workingset_refault() to get accurate stats of the eviction memcg. In preparation for more scoped flushed and passing the eviction memcg to the flush call, move the call to workingset_test_recent() where we have a pointer to the eviction memcg. The flush call is sleepable, and cannot be made in an rcu read section. Hence, minimize the rcu read section by also moving it into workingset_test_recent(). Furthermore, instead of holding the rcu read lock throughout workingset_test_recent(), only hold it briefly to get a ref on the eviction memcg. This allows us to make the flush call after we get the eviction memcg. As for workingset_refault(), nothing else there appears to be protected by rcu. The memcg of the faulted folio (which is not necessarily the same as the eviction memcg) is protected by the folio lock, which is held from all callsites. Add a VM_BUG_ON() to make sure this doesn't change from under us. No functional change intended. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231129032154.3710765-5-yosryahmed@google.com Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Tested-by: Domenico Cerasuolo <cerasuolodomenico@gmail.com> Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Ivan Babrou <ivan@cloudflare.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutny <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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|
Yosry Ahmed
|
8d59d2214c |
mm: memcg: make stats flushing threshold per-memcg
A global counter for the magnitude of memcg stats update is maintained on
the memcg side to avoid invoking rstat flushes when the pending updates
are not significant. This avoids unnecessary flushes, which are not very
cheap even if there isn't a lot of stats to flush. It also avoids
unnecessary lock contention on the underlying global rstat lock.
Make this threshold per-memcg. The scheme is followed where percpu (now
also per-memcg) counters are incremented in the update path, and only
propagated to per-memcg atomics when they exceed a certain threshold.
This provides two benefits: (a) On large machines with a lot of memcgs,
the global threshold can be reached relatively fast, so guarding the
underlying lock becomes less effective. Making the threshold per-memcg
avoids this.
(b) Having a global threshold makes it hard to do subtree flushes, as we
cannot reset the global counter except for a full flush. Per-memcg
counters removes this as a blocker from doing subtree flushes, which helps
avoid unnecessary work when the stats of a small subtree are needed.
Nothing is free, of course. This comes at a cost: (a) A new per-cpu
counter per memcg, consuming NR_CPUS * NR_MEMCGS * 4 bytes. The extra
memory usage is insigificant.
(b) More work on the update side, although in the common case it will only
be percpu counter updates. The amount of work scales with the number of
ancestors (i.e. tree depth). This is not a new concept, adding a cgroup
to the rstat tree involves a parent loop, so is charging. Testing results
below show no significant regressions.
(c) The error margin in the stats for the system as a whole increases from
NR_CPUS * MEMCG_CHARGE_BATCH to NR_CPUS * MEMCG_CHARGE_BATCH * NR_MEMCGS.
This is probably fine because we have a similar per-memcg error in charges
coming from percpu stocks, and we have a periodic flusher that makes sure
we always flush all the stats every 2s anyway.
This patch was tested to make sure no significant regressions are
introduced on the update path as follows. The following benchmarks were
ran in a cgroup that is 2 levels deep (/sys/fs/cgroup/a/b/):
(1) Running 22 instances of netperf on a 44 cpu machine with
hyperthreading disabled. All instances are run in a level 2 cgroup, as
well as netserver:
# netserver -6
# netperf -6 -H ::1 -l 60 -t TCP_SENDFILE -- -m 10K
Averaging 20 runs, the numbers are as follows:
Base: 40198.0 mbps
Patched: 38629.7 mbps (-3.9%)
The regression is minimal, especially for 22 instances in the same
cgroup sharing all ancestors (so updating the same atomics).
(2) will-it-scale page_fault tests. These tests (specifically
per_process_ops in page_fault3 test) detected a 25.9% regression before
for a change in the stats update path [1]. These are the
numbers from 10 runs (+ is good) on a machine with 256 cpus:
LABEL | MEAN | MEDIAN | STDDEV |
------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------
page_fault1_per_process_ops | | | |
(A) base | 270249.164 | 265437.000 | 13451.836 |
(B) patched | 261368.709 | 255725.000 | 13394.767 |
| -3.29% | -3.66% | |
page_fault1_per_thread_ops | | | |
(A) base | 242111.345 | 239737.000 | 10026.031 |
(B) patched | 237057.109 | 235305.000 | 9769.687 |
| -2.09% | -1.85% | |
page_fault1_scalability | | |
(A) base | 0.034387 | 0.035168 | 0.0018283 |
(B) patched | 0.033988 | 0.034573 | 0.0018056 |
| -1.16% | -1.69% | |
page_fault2_per_process_ops | | |
(A) base | 203561.836 | 203301.000 | 2550.764 |
(B) patched | 197195.945 | 197746.000 | 2264.263 |
| -3.13% | -2.73% | |
page_fault2_per_thread_ops | | |
(A) base | 171046.473 | 170776.000 | 1509.679 |
(B) patched | 166626.327 | 166406.000 | 768.753 |
| -2.58% | -2.56% | |
page_fault2_scalability | | |
(A) base | 0.054026 | 0.053821 | 0.00062121 |
(B) patched | 0.053329 | 0.05306 | 0.00048394 |
| -1.29% | -1.41% | |
page_fault3_per_process_ops | | |
(A) base | 1295807.782 | 1297550.000 | 5907.585 |
(B) patched | 1275579.873 | 1273359.000 | 8759.160 |
| -1.56% | -1.86% | |
page_fault3_per_thread_ops | | |
(A) base | 391234.164 | 390860.000 | 1760.720 |
(B) patched | 377231.273 | 376369.000 | 1874.971 |
| -3.58% | -3.71% | |
page_fault3_scalability | | |
(A) base | 0.60369 | 0.60072 | 0.0083029 |
(B) patched | 0.61733 | 0.61544 | 0.009855 |
| +2.26% | +2.45% | |
All regressions seem to be minimal, and within the normal variance for the
benchmark. The fix for [1] assumes that 3% is noise -- and there were no
further practical complaints), so hopefully this means that such
variations in these microbenchmarks do not reflect on practical workloads.
(3) I also ran stress-ng in a nested cgroup and did not observe any
obvious regressions.
[1]https://lore.kernel.org/all/20190520063534.GB19312@shao2-debian/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231129032154.3710765-4-yosryahmed@google.com
Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Suggested-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Tested-by: Domenico Cerasuolo <cerasuolodomenico@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Ivan Babrou <ivan@cloudflare.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Koutny <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
|
||
|
Yosry Ahmed
|
e0bf1dc859 |
mm: memcg: move vmstats structs definition above flushing code
The following patch will make use of those structs in the flushing code, so move their definitions (and a few other dependencies) a little bit up to reduce the diff noise in the following patch. No functional change intended. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231129032154.3710765-3-yosryahmed@google.com Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Tested-by: Domenico Cerasuolo <cerasuolodomenico@gmail.com> Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Ivan Babrou <ivan@cloudflare.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutny <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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|
Yosry Ahmed
|
508bed8847 |
mm: memcg: change flush_next_time to flush_last_time
Patch series "mm: memcg: subtree stats flushing and thresholds", v4. This series attempts to address shortages in today's approach for memcg stats flushing, namely occasionally stale or expensive stat reads. The series does so by changing the threshold that we use to decide whether to trigger a flush to be per memcg instead of global (patch 3), and then changing flushing to be per memcg (i.e. subtree flushes) instead of global (patch 5). This patch (of 5): flush_next_time is an inaccurate name. It's not the next time that periodic flushing will happen, it's rather the next time that ratelimited flushing can happen if the periodic flusher is late. Simplify its semantics by just storing the timestamp of the last flush instead, flush_last_time. Move the 2*FLUSH_TIME addition to mem_cgroup_flush_stats_ratelimited(), and add a comment explaining it. This way, all the ratelimiting semantics live in one place. No functional change intended. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231129032154.3710765-1-yosryahmed@google.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231129032154.3710765-2-yosryahmed@google.com Signed-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Tested-by: Domenico Cerasuolo <cerasuolodomenico@gmail.com> Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Acked-by: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> (Google) Tested-by: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme@gmail.com> Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com> Cc: Ivan Babrou <ivan@cloudflare.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutny <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
||
Andrew Morton
|
4a3bfbd169 |
mm/list_lru.c: remove unused list_lru_from_kmem()
Fixes:
|
||
|
Andrew Morton
|
5143eecd2a |
lib/maple_tree.c: fix build error due to hotfix alteration
Commit |
||
|
Andrew Morton
|
a721aeac8b | sync mm-stable with mm-hotfixes-stable to pick up depended-upon changes | ||
Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
|
1803d0c5ee |
mailmap: add an old address for Naoya Horiguchi
This address now bounces, remap it to a current address. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231218140328.3313474-1-willy@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
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|
Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
|
39ebd6dce6 |
mm/memory-failure: cast index to loff_t before shifting it
On 32-bit systems, we'll lose the top bits of index because arithmetic
will be performed in unsigned long instead of unsigned long long. This
affects files over 4GB in size.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231218135837.3310403-4-willy@infradead.org
Fixes:
|
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|
Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
|
c79c5a0a00 |
mm/memory-failure: check the mapcount of the precise page
A process may map only some of the pages in a folio, and might be missed
if it maps the poisoned page but not the head page. Or it might be
unnecessarily hit if it maps the head page, but not the poisoned page.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231218135837.3310403-3-willy@infradead.org
Fixes:
|
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|
Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
|
376907f3a0 |
mm/memory-failure: pass the folio and the page to collect_procs()
Patch series "Three memory-failure fixes".
I've been looking at the memory-failure code and I believe I have found
three bugs that need fixing -- one going all the way back to 2010! I'll
have more patches later to use folios more extensively but didn't want
these bugfixes to get caught up in that.
This patch (of 3):
Both collect_procs_anon() and collect_procs_file() iterate over the VMA
interval trees looking for a single pgoff, so it is wrong to look for the
pgoff of the head page as is currently done. However, it is also wrong to
look at page->mapping of the precise page as this is invalid for tail
pages. Clear up the confusion by passing both the folio and the precise
page to collect_procs().
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231218135837.3310403-1-willy@infradead.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231218135837.3310403-2-willy@infradead.org
Fixes:
|
||
Muhammad Usama Anjum
|
0aac13add2 |
selftests: secretmem: floor the memory size to the multiple of page_size
The "locked-in-memory size" limit per process can be non-multiple of
page_size. The mmap() fails if we try to allocate locked-in-memory with
same size as the allowed limit if it isn't multiple of the page_size
because mmap() rounds off the memory size to be allocated to next multiple
of page_size.
Fix this by flooring the length to be allocated with mmap() to the
previous multiple of the page_size.
This was getting triggered on KernelCI regularly because of different
ulimit settings which wasn't multiple of the page_size. Find logs
here: https://linux.kernelci.org/test/plan/id/657654bd8e81e654fae13532/
The bug in was present from the time test was first added.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231214101931.1155586-1-usama.anjum@collabora.com
Fixes:
|
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Charan Teja Kalla
|
fc346d0a70 |
mm: migrate high-order folios in swap cache correctly
Large folios occupy N consecutive entries in the swap cache instead of
using multi-index entries like the page cache. However, if a large folio
is re-added to the LRU list, it can be migrated. The migration code was
not aware of the difference between the swap cache and the page cache and
assumed that a single xas_store() would be sufficient.
This leaves potentially many stale pointers to the now-migrated folio in
the swap cache, which can lead to almost arbitrary data corruption in the
future. This can also manifest as infinite loops with the RCU read lock
held.
[willy@infradead.org: modifications to the changelog & tweaked the fix]
Fixes:
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Sidhartha Kumar
|
4249f13c11 |
maple_tree: do not preallocate nodes for slot stores
mas_preallocate() defaults to requesting 1 node for preallocation and then
,depending on the type of store, will update the request variable. There
isn't a check for a slot store type, so slot stores are preallocating the
default 1 node. Slot stores do not require any additional nodes, so add a
check for the slot store case that will bypass node_count_gfp(). Update
the tests to reflect that slot stores do not require allocations.
User visible effects of this bug include increased memory usage from the
unneeded node that was allocated.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231213205058.386589-1-sidhartha.kumar@oracle.com
Fixes:
|
||
Baokun Li
|
e2c27b803b |
mm/filemap: avoid buffered read/write race to read inconsistent data
The following concurrency may cause the data read to be inconsistent with
the data on disk:
cpu1 cpu2
------------------------------|------------------------------
// Buffered write 2048 from 0
ext4_buffered_write_iter
generic_perform_write
copy_page_from_iter_atomic
ext4_da_write_end
ext4_da_do_write_end
block_write_end
__block_commit_write
folio_mark_uptodate
// Buffered read 4096 from 0 smp_wmb()
ext4_file_read_iter set_bit(PG_uptodate, folio_flags)
generic_file_read_iter i_size_write // 2048
filemap_read unlock_page(page)
filemap_get_pages
filemap_get_read_batch
folio_test_uptodate(folio)
ret = test_bit(PG_uptodate, folio_flags)
if (ret)
smp_rmb();
// Ensure that the data in page 0-2048 is up-to-date.
// New buffered write 2048 from 2048
ext4_buffered_write_iter
generic_perform_write
copy_page_from_iter_atomic
ext4_da_write_end
ext4_da_do_write_end
block_write_end
__block_commit_write
folio_mark_uptodate
smp_wmb()
set_bit(PG_uptodate, folio_flags)
i_size_write // 4096
unlock_page(page)
isize = i_size_read(inode) // 4096
// Read the latest isize 4096, but without smp_rmb(), there may be
// Load-Load disorder resulting in the data in the 2048-4096 range
// in the page is not up-to-date.
copy_page_to_iter
// copyout 4096
In the concurrency above, we read the updated i_size, but there is no read
barrier to ensure that the data in the page is the same as the i_size at
this point, so we may copy the unsynchronized page out. Hence adding the
missing read memory barrier to fix this.
This is a Load-Load reordering issue, which only occurs on some weak
mem-ordering architectures (e.g. ARM64, ALPHA), but not on strong
mem-ordering architectures (e.g. X86). And theoretically the problem
doesn't only happen on ext4, filesystems that call filemap_read() but
don't hold inode lock (e.g. btrfs, f2fs, ubifs ...) will have this
problem, while filesystems with inode lock (e.g. xfs, nfs) won't have
this problem.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231213062324.739009-1-libaokun1@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Baokun Li <libaokun1@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Ritesh Harjani (IBM) <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: yangerkun <yangerkun@huawei.com>
Cc: Yu Kuai <yukuai3@huawei.com>
Cc: Zhang Yi <yi.zhang@huawei.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
|
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Nico Pache
|
b2325bf860 |
kunit: kasan_test: disable fortify string checker on kmalloc_oob_memset
Similar to commit
|
||
Arnd Bergmann
|
e63bde3d94 |
kexec: select CRYPTO from KEXEC_FILE instead of depending on it
All other users of crypto code use 'select' instead of 'depends on', so do the same thing with KEXEC_FILE for consistency. In practice this makes very little difference as kernels with kexec support are very likely to also include some other feature that already selects both crypto and crypto_sha256, but being consistent here helps for usability as well as to avoid potential circular dependencies. This reverts the dependency back to what it was originally before commit |
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Arnd Bergmann
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c1ad12ee0e |
kexec: fix KEXEC_FILE dependencies
The cleanup for the CONFIG_KEXEC Kconfig logic accidentally changed the 'depends on CRYPTO=y' dependency to a plain 'depends on CRYPTO', which causes a link failure when all the crypto support is in a loadable module and kexec_file support is built-in: x86_64-linux-ld: vmlinux.o: in function `__x64_sys_kexec_file_load': (.text+0x32e30a): undefined reference to `crypto_alloc_shash' x86_64-linux-ld: (.text+0x32e58e): undefined reference to `crypto_shash_update' x86_64-linux-ld: (.text+0x32e6ee): undefined reference to `crypto_shash_final' Both s390 and x86 have this problem, while ppc64 and riscv have the correct dependency already. On riscv, the dependency is only used for the purgatory, not for the kexec_file code itself, which may be a bit surprising as it means that with CONFIG_CRYPTO=m, it is possible to enable KEXEC_FILE but then the purgatory code is silently left out. Move this into the common Kconfig.kexec file in a way that is correct everywhere, using the dependency on CRYPTO_SHA256=y only when the purgatory code is available. This requires reversing the dependency between ARCH_SUPPORTS_KEXEC_PURGATORY and KEXEC_FILE, but the effect remains the same, other than making riscv behave like the other ones. On s390, there is an additional dependency on CRYPTO_SHA256_S390, which should technically not be required but gives better performance. Remove this dependency here, noting that it was not present in the initial Kconfig code but was brought in without an explanation in commit |
||
Yu Zhao
|
4376807bf2 |
mm/mglru: reclaim offlined memcgs harder
In the effort to reduce zombie memcgs [1], it was discovered that the
memcg LRU doesn't apply enough pressure on offlined memcgs. Specifically,
instead of rotating them to the tail of the current generation
(MEMCG_LRU_TAIL) for a second attempt, it moves them to the next
generation (MEMCG_LRU_YOUNG) after the first attempt.
Not applying enough pressure on offlined memcgs can cause them to build
up, and this can be particularly harmful to memory-constrained systems.
On Pixel 8 Pro, launching apps for 50 cycles:
Before After Change
Zombie memcgs 45 35 -22%
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/CABdmKX2M6koq4Q0Cmp_-=wbP0Qa190HdEGGaHfxNS05gAkUtPA@mail.gmail.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231208061407.2125867-4-yuzhao@google.com
Fixes:
|
||
|
Yu Zhao
|
8aa4206179 |
mm/mglru: respect min_ttl_ms with memcgs
While investigating kswapd "consuming 100% CPU" [1] (also see "mm/mglru:
try to stop at high watermarks"), it was discovered that the memcg LRU can
breach the thrashing protection imposed by min_ttl_ms.
Before the memcg LRU:
kswapd()
shrink_node_memcgs()
mem_cgroup_iter()
inc_max_seq() // always hit a different memcg
lru_gen_age_node()
mem_cgroup_iter()
check the timestamp of the oldest generation
After the memcg LRU:
kswapd()
shrink_many()
restart:
iterate the memcg LRU:
inc_max_seq() // occasionally hit the same memcg
if raced with lru_gen_rotate_memcg():
goto restart
lru_gen_age_node()
mem_cgroup_iter()
check the timestamp of the oldest generation
Specifically, when the restart happens in shrink_many(), it needs to stick
with the (memcg LRU) generation it began with. In other words, it should
neither re-read memcg_lru->seq nor age an lruvec of a different
generation. Otherwise it can hit the same memcg multiple times without
giving lru_gen_age_node() a chance to check the timestamp of that memcg's
oldest generation (against min_ttl_ms).
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/CAK8fFZ4DY+GtBA40Pm7Nn5xCHy+51w3sfxPqkqpqakSXYyX+Wg@mail.gmail.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231208061407.2125867-3-yuzhao@google.com
Fixes:
|
||
|
Yu Zhao
|
5095a2b239 |
mm/mglru: try to stop at high watermarks
The initial MGLRU patchset didn't include the memcg LRU support, and it relied on should_abort_scan(), added by commit |
||
|
Yu Zhao
|
081488051d |
mm/mglru: fix underprotected page cache
Unmapped folios accessed through file descriptors can be underprotected.
Those folios are added to the oldest generation based on:
1. The fact that they are less costly to reclaim (no need to walk the
rmap and flush the TLB) and have less impact on performance (don't
cause major PFs and can be non-blocking if needed again).
2. The observation that they are likely to be single-use. E.g., for
client use cases like Android, its apps parse configuration files
and store the data in heap (anon); for server use cases like MySQL,
it reads from InnoDB files and holds the cached data for tables in
buffer pools (anon).
However, the oldest generation can be very short lived, and if so, it
doesn't provide the PID controller with enough time to respond to a surge
of refaults. (Note that the PID controller uses weighted refaults and
those from evicted generations only take a half of the whole weight.) In
other words, for a short lived generation, the moving average smooths out
the spike quickly.
To fix the problem:
1. For folios that are already on LRU, if they can be beyond the
tracking range of tiers, i.e., five accesses through file
descriptors, move them to the second oldest generation to give them
more time to age. (Note that tiers are used by the PID controller
to statistically determine whether folios accessed multiple times
through file descriptors are worth protecting.)
2. When adding unmapped folios to LRU, adjust the placement of them so
that they are not too close to the tail. The effect of this is
similar to the above.
On Android, launching 55 apps sequentially:
Before After Change
workingset_refault_anon 25641024 25598972 0%
workingset_refault_file 115016834 106178438 -8%
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231208061407.2125867-1-yuzhao@google.com
Fixes:
|
||
David Stevens
|
55ac8bbe35 |
mm/shmem: fix race in shmem_undo_range w/THP
Split folios during the second loop of shmem_undo_range. It's not
sufficient to only split folios when dealing with partial pages, since
it's possible for a THP to be faulted in after that point. Calling
truncate_inode_folio in that situation can result in throwing away data
outside of the range being targeted.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tidy up comment layout]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230418084031.3439795-1-stevensd@google.com
Fixes:
|
||
John Hubbard
|
43e8832fed |
Revert "selftests: error out if kernel header files are not yet built"
This reverts commit |
||
Yuntao Wang
|
1dd11e9773 |
crash_core: fix the check for whether crashkernel is from high memory
If crash_base is equal to CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX, it also indicates that
the crashkernel memory is allocated from high memory. However, the
current check only considers the case where crash_base is greater than
CRASH_ADDR_LOW_MAX. Fix it.
The runtime effects is that crashkernel high memory is successfully
reserved, whereas the crashkernel low memory is bypassed in this case,
then kdump kernel bootup will fail because of no low memory under 4G.
This patch also includes some minor cleanups.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231209141438.77233-1-ytcoode@gmail.com
Fixes:
|
||
Baoquan He
|
69f8ca8d36 |
x86, kexec: fix the wrong ifdeffery CONFIG_KEXEC
With the current ifdeffery CONFIG_KEXEC, get_cmdline_acpi_rsdp() is only available when kexec_load interface is taken, while kexec_file_load interface can't make use of it. Now change it to CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231208073036.7884-6-bhe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Eric DeVolder <eric_devolder@yahoo.com> Cc: Ignat Korchagin <ignat@cloudflare.com> Cc: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
||
|
Baoquan He
|
d70c27b728 |
sh, kexec: fix the incorrect ifdeffery and dependency of CONFIG_KEXEC
The select of KEXEC for CRASH_DUMP in kernel/Kconfig.kexec will be dropped, then compiling errors will be triggered if below config items are set: === CONFIG_CRASH_CORE=y CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE=y CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y === Here, change the dependency of building kexec_core related object files, and the ifdeffery on SuperH from CONFIG_KEXEC to CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231208073036.7884-5-bhe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Eric DeVolder <eric_devolder@yahoo.com> Cc: Ignat Korchagin <ignat@cloudflare.com> Cc: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
||
|
Baoquan He
|
8cd2accb71 |
mips, kexec: fix the incorrect ifdeffery and dependency of CONFIG_KEXEC
The select of KEXEC for CRASH_DUMP in kernel/Kconfig.kexec will be dropped, then compiling errors will be triggered if below config items are set: === CONFIG_CRASH_CORE=y CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE=y CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y === -------------------------------------------------------------------- mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `kimage_free': kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x2200): undefined reference to `machine_kexec_cleanup' mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `__crash_kexec': kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x2480): undefined reference to `machine_crash_shutdown' mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x2488): undefined reference to `machine_kexec' mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `kernel_kexec': kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x29b8): undefined reference to `machine_shutdown' mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x29c0): undefined reference to `machine_kexec' -------------------------------------------------------------------- Here, change the dependency of building kexec_core related object files, and the ifdeffery in mips from CONFIG_KEXEC to CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231208073036.7884-4-bhe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202311302042.sn8cDPIX-lkp@intel.com/ Cc: Eric DeVolder <eric_devolder@yahoo.com> Cc: Ignat Korchagin <ignat@cloudflare.com> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
||
|
Baoquan He
|
9bad6b75fc |
m68k, kexec: fix the incorrect ifdeffery and build dependency of CONFIG_KEXEC
The select of KEXEC for CRASH_DUMP in kernel/Kconfig.kexec will be dropped, then compiling errors will be triggered if below config items are set: === CONFIG_CRASH_CORE=y CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE=y CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y === Here, change the dependency of buinding machine_kexec.o relocate_kernel.o and the ifdeffery in asm/kexe.h to CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231208073036.7884-3-bhe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Eric DeVolder <eric_devolder@yahoo.com> Cc: Ignat Korchagin <ignat@cloudflare.com> Cc: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
||
|
Baoquan He
|
655fc6cd45 |
loongarch, kexec: change dependency of object files
Patch series "kexec: fix the incorrect ifdeffery and dependency of CONFIG_KEXEC". The select of KEXEC for CRASH_DUMP in kernel/Kconfig.kexec will be dropped, then compiling errors will be triggered if below config items are set: === CONFIG_CRASH_CORE=y CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE=y CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y === E.g on mips, below link error are seen: -------------------------------------------------------------------- mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `kimage_free': kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x2200): undefined reference to `machine_kexec_cleanup' mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `__crash_kexec': kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x2480): undefined reference to `machine_crash_shutdown' mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x2488): undefined reference to `machine_kexec' mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `kernel_kexec': kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x29b8): undefined reference to `machine_shutdown' mipsel-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.c:(.text+0x29c0): undefined reference to `machine_kexec' -------------------------------------------------------------------- Here, change the incorrect dependency of building kexec_core related object files, and the ifdeffery on architectures from CONFIG_KEXEC to CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE. Testing: ======== Passed on mips and loognarch with the LKP reproducer. This patch (of 5): Currently, in arch/loongarch/kernel/Makefile, building machine_kexec.o relocate_kernel.o depends on CONFIG_KEXEC. Whereas, since we will drop the select of KEXEC for CRASH_DUMP in kernel/Kconfig.kexec, compiling error will be triggered if below config items are set: === CONFIG_CRASH_CORE=y CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE=y CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y === --------------------------------------------------------------- loongarch64-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `.L209': >> kexec_core.c:(.text+0x1660): undefined reference to `machine_kexec_cleanup' loongarch64-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `.L287': >> kexec_core.c:(.text+0x1c5c): undefined reference to `machine_crash_shutdown' >> loongarch64-linux-ld: kexec_core.c:(.text+0x1c64): undefined reference to `machine_kexec' loongarch64-linux-ld: kernel/kexec_core.o: in function `.L2^B5': >> kexec_core.c:(.text+0x2090): undefined reference to `machine_shutdown' loongarch64-linux-ld: kexec_core.c:(.text+0x20a0): undefined reference to `machine_kexec' --------------------------------------------------------------- Here, change the dependency of machine_kexec.o relocate_kernel.o to CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE can fix above building error. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231208073036.7884-1-bhe@redhat.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231208073036.7884-2-bhe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202311300946.kHE9Iu71-lkp@intel.com/ Cc: Eric DeVolder <eric_devolder@yahoo.com> Cc: Ignat Korchagin <ignat@cloudflare.com> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
||
SeongJae Park
|
6376a82459 |
mm/damon/core: make damon_start() waits until kdamond_fn() starts
The cleanup tasks of kdamond threads including reset of corresponding DAMON context's ->kdamond field and decrease of global nr_running_ctxs counter is supposed to be executed by kdamond_fn(). However, commit |
||
David Hildenbrand
|
a6fcd57cf2 |
selftests/mm: cow: print ksft header before printing anything else
Doing a ksft_print_msg() before the ksft_print_header() seems to confuse
the ksft framework in a strange way: running the test on the cmdline
results in the expected output.
But piping the output somewhere else, results in some odd output,
whereby we repeatedly get the same info printed:
# [INFO] detected THP size: 2048 KiB
# [INFO] detected hugetlb page size: 2048 KiB
# [INFO] detected hugetlb page size: 1048576 KiB
# [INFO] huge zeropage is enabled
TAP version 13
1..190
# [INFO] Anonymous memory tests in private mappings
# [RUN] Basic COW after fork() ... with base page
# [INFO] detected THP size: 2048 KiB
# [INFO] detected hugetlb page size: 2048 KiB
# [INFO] detected hugetlb page size: 1048576 KiB
# [INFO] huge zeropage is enabled
TAP version 13
1..190
# [INFO] Anonymous memory tests in private mappings
# [RUN] Basic COW after fork() ... with base page
ok 1 No leak from parent into child
# [RUN] Basic COW after fork() ... with swapped out base page
# [INFO] detected THP size: 2048 KiB
# [INFO] detected hugetlb page size: 2048 KiB
# [INFO] detected hugetlb page size: 1048576 KiB
# [INFO] huge zeropage is enabled
Doing the ksft_print_header() first seems to resolve that and gives us
the output we expect:
TAP version 13
# [INFO] detected THP size: 2048 KiB
# [INFO] detected hugetlb page size: 2048 KiB
# [INFO] detected hugetlb page size: 1048576 KiB
# [INFO] huge zeropage is enabled
1..190
# [INFO] Anonymous memory tests in private mappings
# [RUN] Basic COW after fork() ... with base page
ok 1 No leak from parent into child
# [RUN] Basic COW after fork() ... with swapped out base page
ok 2 No leak from parent into child
# [RUN] Basic COW after fork() ... with THP
ok 3 No leak from parent into child
# [RUN] Basic COW after fork() ... with swapped-out THP
ok 4 No leak from parent into child
# [RUN] Basic COW after fork() ... with PTE-mapped THP
ok 5 No leak from parent into child
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231206103558.38040-1-david@redhat.com
Fixes:
|
||
Kefeng Wang
|
d3bb89ea9c |
mm: fix VMA heap bounds checking
After converting selinux to VMA heap check helper, the gcl triggers an execheap SELinux denial, which is caused by a changed logic check. Previously selinux only checked that the VMA range was within the VMA heap range, and the implementation checks the intersection between the two ranges, but the corner case (vm_end=start_brk, brk=vm_start) isn't handled correctly. Since commit |
||
|
Baoquan He
|
ac88ff6b9d |
riscv: fix VMALLOC_START definition
When below config items are set, compiler complained:
--------------------
CONFIG_CRASH_CORE=y
CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE=y
CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y
......
-----------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------
arch/riscv/kernel/crash_core.c: In function 'arch_crash_save_vmcoreinfo':
arch/riscv/kernel/crash_core.c:11:58: warning: format '%lx' expects argument of type 'long unsigned int', but argument 2 has type 'int' [-Wformat=]
11 | vmcoreinfo_append_str("NUMBER(VMALLOC_START)=0x%lx\n", VMALLOC_START);
| ~~^
| |
| long unsigned int
| %x
----------------------------------------------------------------------
This is because on riscv macro VMALLOC_START has different type when
CONFIG_MMU is set or unset.
arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h:
--------------------------------------------------
Changing it to _AC(0, UL) in case CONFIG_MMU=n can fix the warning.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ZW7OsX4zQRA3mO4+@MiWiFi-R3L-srv
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> # build-tested
Cc: Eric DeVolder <eric_devolder@yahoo.com>
Cc: Ignat Korchagin <ignat@cloudflare.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
|
||
Ignat Korchagin
|
c41bd25141 |
kexec: drop dependency on ARCH_SUPPORTS_KEXEC from CRASH_DUMP
In commit f8ff23429c62 ("kernel/Kconfig.kexec: drop select of KEXEC for
CRASH_DUMP") we tried to fix a config regression, where CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
required CONFIG_KEXEC.
However, it was not enough at least for arm64 platforms. While further
testing the patch with our arm64 config I noticed that CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
is unavailable in menuconfig. This is because CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP still
depends on the new CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_KEXEC introduced in commit
|
||
Levi Yun
|
d9d9bd979c |
maple_tree: change return type of mas_split_final_node as void.
mas_split_final_node() always returns true and its return value is never checked. Change return type to void. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231109160821.16248-2-ppbuk5246@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Levi Yun <ppbuk5246@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> |
||
Barry Song
|
d19b1a1797 |
mm: compaction: avoid fast_isolate_freepages blindly choose improper pageblock
Testing shows fast_isolate_freepages can blindly choose an unsuitable
pageblock from time to time particularly while the min mark is used from
XXX path:
if (!page) {
cc->fast_search_fail++;
if (scan_start) {
/*
* Use the highest PFN found above min. If one was
* not found, be pessimistic for direct compaction
* and use the min mark.
*/
if (highest >= min_pfn) {
page = pfn_to_page(highest);
cc->free_pfn = highest;
} else {
if (cc->direct_compaction && pfn_valid(min_pfn)) { /* XXX */
page = pageblock_pfn_to_page(min_pfn,
min(pageblock_end_pfn(min_pfn),
zone_end_pfn(cc->zone)),
cc->zone);
cc->free_pfn = min_pfn;
}
}
}
}
The reason is that no code is doing any check on the min_pfn
min_pfn = pageblock_start_pfn(cc->free_pfn - (distance >> 1));
In contrast, slow path of isolate_freepages() is always skipping
unsuitable pageblocks in a decent way.
This issue doesn't happen quite often. When running 25 machines with
16GiB memory for one night, most of them can hit this unexpected code
path. However the frequency isn't like many times per second. It might
be one time in a couple of hours. Thus, it is very hard to measure the
visible performance impact in my machines though the affection of choosing
the unsuitable migration_target should be negative in theory.
I feel it's still worth fixing this to at least make the code
theoretically self-explanatory as it is quite odd an unsuitable
migration_target can be still migration_target.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231206110054.61617-1-v-songbaohua@oppo.com
Signed-off-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com>
Reported-by: Zhanyuan Hu <huzhanyuan@oppo.com>
Reviewed-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kemeng Shi <shikemeng@huaweicloud.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
|