For a large directory, program needs to issue multiple readdir
syscalls to get all dentries. When there are multiple programs
read the directory concurrently. Following sequence of events
can happen.
- program calls readdir with pos = 2. ceph sends readdir request
to mds. The reply contains N1 entries. ceph adds these N1 entries
to readdir cache.
- program calls readdir with pos = N1+2. The readdir is satisfied
by the readdir cache, N2 entries are returned. (Other program
calls readdir in the middle, which fills the cache)
- program calls readdir with pos = N1+N2+2. ceph sends readdir
request to mds. The reply contains N3 entries and it reaches
directory end. ceph adds these N3 entries to the readdir cache
and marks directory complete.
The second readdir call does not update fi->readdir_cache_idx.
ceph add the last N3 entries to wrong places.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.3+
Signed-off-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
The dirfragtree is lazily updated, it's not always accurate. Infinite
loops happens in following circumstance.
- client send request to read frag A
- frag A has been fragmented into frag B and C. So mds fills the reply
with contents of frag B
- client wants to read next frag C. ceph_choose_frag(frag value of C)
return frag A.
The fix is using previous readdir reply to calculate next readdir frag
when possible.
Signed-off-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Current cephfs client uses string to indicate start position of
readdir. The string is last entry of previous readdir reply.
This approach does not work for seeky readdir because we can
not easily convert the new postion to a string. For seeky readdir,
mds needs to return dentries from the beginning. Client keeps
retrying if the reply does not contain the dentry it wants.
In current version of ceph, mds sorts CDentry in its cache in
hash order. Client also uses dentry hash to compose dir postion.
For seeky readdir, if client passes the hash part of dir postion
to mds. mds can avoid replying useless dentries.
Signed-off-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
In commit c3f4688a08 (ceph: don't set req->r_locked_dir in
ceph_d_revalidate), we changed the code to do a GETATTR instead of a
LOOKUP as the parent info isn't strictly necessary to revalidate the
dentry. What we missed there though is that in order to update the lease
on the dentry after revalidating it, we _do_ need parent info.
Change ceph_d_revalidate back to doing a LOOKUP instead of a GETATTR so
that we can get the parent info in order to update the lease from
ceph_fill_trace. Note that we set req->r_parent here, but we cannot set
the CEPH_MDS_R_PARENT_LOCKED flag as we can't guarantee that it is.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
struct ceph_mds_request has an r_locked_dir pointer, which is set to
indicate the parent inode and that its i_rwsem is locked. In some
critical places, we need to be able to indicate the parent inode to the
request handling code, even when its i_rwsem may not be locked.
Most of the code that operates on r_locked_dir doesn't require that the
i_rwsem be locked. We only really need it to handle manipulation of the
dcache. The rest (filling of the inode, updating dentry leases, etc.)
already has its own locking.
Add a new r_req_flags bit that indicates whether the parent is locked
when doing the request, and rename the pointer to "r_parent". For now,
all the places that set r_parent also set this flag, but that will
change in a later patch.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Currently, we have a bunch of bool flags in struct ceph_mds_request. We
need more flags though, but each bool takes (at least) a byte. Those
add up over time.
Merge all of the existing bools in this struct into a single unsigned
long, and use the set/test/clear_bit macros to manipulate them. These
are atomic operations, but that is required here to prevent
load/modify/store races. The existing flags are protected by different
locks, so we can't rely on them for that purpose.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
This removes the uses of ACCESS_ONCE in favor of READ_ONCE
Signed-off-by: Seraphime Kirkovski <kirkseraph@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Pull vfs updates from Al Viro:
- more ->d_init() stuff (work.dcache)
- pathname resolution cleanups (work.namei)
- a few missing iov_iter primitives - copy_from_iter_full() and
friends. Either copy the full requested amount, advance the iterator
and return true, or fail, return false and do _not_ advance the
iterator. Quite a few open-coded callers converted (and became more
readable and harder to fuck up that way) (work.iov_iter)
- several assorted patches, the big one being logfs removal
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
logfs: remove from tree
vfs: fix put_compat_statfs64() does not handle errors
namei: fold should_follow_link() with the step into not-followed link
namei: pass both WALK_GET and WALK_MORE to should_follow_link()
namei: invert WALK_PUT logics
namei: shift interpretation of LOOKUP_FOLLOW inside should_follow_link()
namei: saner calling conventions for mountpoint_last()
namei.c: get rid of user_path_parent()
switch getfrag callbacks to ..._full() primitives
make skb_add_data,{_nocache}() and skb_copy_to_page_nocache() advance only on success
[iov_iter] new primitives - copy_from_iter_full() and friends
don't open-code file_inode()
ceph: switch to use of ->d_init()
ceph: unify dentry_operations instances
lustre: switch to use of ->d_init()
This function sets req->r_locked_dir which is supposed to indicate to
ceph_fill_trace that the parent's i_rwsem is locked for write.
Unfortunately, there is no guarantee that the dir will be locked when
d_revalidate is called, so we really don't want ceph_fill_trace to do
any dcache manipulation from this context. Clear req->r_locked_dir since
it's clearly not safe to do that.
What we really want to know with d_revalidate is whether the dentry
still points to the same inode. ceph_fill_trace installs a pointer to
the inode in req->r_target_inode, so we can just compare that to
d_inode(dentry) to see if it's the same one after the lookup.
Also, since we aren't generally interested in the parent here, we can
switch to using a GETATTR to hint that to the MDS, which also means that
we only need to reserve one cap.
Finally, just remove the d_unhashed check. That's really outside the
purview of a filesystem's d_revalidate. If the thing became unhashed
while we're checking it, then that's up to the VFS to handle anyway.
Fixes: 200fd27c8f ("ceph: use lookup request to revalidate dentry")
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/18041
Reported-by: Donatas Abraitis <donatas.abraitis@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Pull more vfs updates from Al Viro:
">rename2() work from Miklos + current_time() from Deepa"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
fs: Replace current_fs_time() with current_time()
fs: Replace CURRENT_TIME_SEC with current_time() for inode timestamps
fs: Replace CURRENT_TIME with current_time() for inode timestamps
fs: proc: Delete inode time initializations in proc_alloc_inode()
vfs: Add current_time() api
vfs: add note about i_op->rename changes to porting
fs: rename "rename2" i_op to "rename"
vfs: remove unused i_op->rename
fs: make remaining filesystems use .rename2
libfs: support RENAME_NOREPLACE in simple_rename()
fs: support RENAME_NOREPLACE for local filesystems
ncpfs: fix unused variable warning
These inode operations are no longer used; remove them.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
This is trivial to do:
- add flags argument to foo_rename()
- check if flags is zero
- assign foo_rename() to .rename2 instead of .rename
This doesn't mean it's impossible to support RENAME_NOREPLACE for these
filesystems, but it is not trivial, like for local filesystems.
RENAME_NOREPLACE must guarantee atomicity (i.e. it shouldn't be possible
for a file to be created on one host while it is overwritten by rename on
another host).
Filesystems converted:
9p, afs, ceph, coda, ecryptfs, kernfs, lustre, ncpfs, nfs, ocfs2, orangefs.
After this, we can get rid of the duplicate interfaces for rename.
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> [AFS]
Acked-by: Mike Marshall <hubcap@omnibond.com>
Cc: Eric Van Hensbergen <ericvh@gmail.com>
Cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Cc: Jan Harkes <jaharkes@cs.cmu.edu>
Cc: Tyler Hicks <tyhicks@canonical.com>
Cc: Oleg Drokin <oleg.drokin@intel.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Commit f3c4ebe65e ("ceph: using hash value to compose dentry offset")
modified "if (fpos_frag(new_pos) != fi->frag)" to "if (fi->frag |=
fpos_frag(new_pos))" in need_reset_readdir(), thus replacing a
comparison operator with an assignment one.
This looks like a typo which is reported by clang when building the
kernel with some warning flags:
fs/ceph/dir.c:600:22: error: using the result of an assignment as a
condition without parentheses [-Werror,-Wparentheses]
} else if (fi->frag |= fpos_frag(new_pos)) {
~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
fs/ceph/dir.c:600:22: note: place parentheses around the assignment
to silence this warning
} else if (fi->frag |= fpos_frag(new_pos)) {
^
( )
fs/ceph/dir.c:600:22: note: use '!=' to turn this compound
assignment into an inequality comparison
} else if (fi->frag |= fpos_frag(new_pos)) {
^~
!=
Fixes: f3c4ebe65e ("ceph: using hash value to compose dentry offset")
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Iooss <nicolas.iooss_linux@m4x.org>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
We can now handle the snapshot cases under RCU, as well as the
non-snapshot case when we don't need to queue up a lease renewal
allow LOOKUP_RCU walks to proceed under those conditions.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Under rcuwalk, we need to take extra care when dereferencing d_parent.
We want to do that once and pass a pointer to dentry_lease_is_valid.
Also, we must ensure that that function can handle the case where we're
racing with d_release. Check whether "di" is NULL under the d_lock, and
just return 0 if so.
Finally, we still need to kick off a renewal job if the lease is getting
close to expiration. If that's the case, then just drop out of rcuwalk
mode since that could block.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
To check for a valid dentry lease, we need to get at the
ceph_dentry_info. Under rcuwalk though, we may end up with a dentry that
is on its way to destruction. Since we need to take the d_lock in
dentry_lease_is_valid already, we can just ensure that we clear the
d_fsinfo pointer out under the same lock before destroying it.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Pull Ceph updates from Sage Weil:
"This changeset has a few main parts:
- Ilya has finished a huge refactoring effort to sync up the
client-side logic in libceph with the user-space client code, which
has evolved significantly over the last couple years, with lots of
additional behaviors (e.g., how requests are handled when cluster
is full and transitions from full to non-full).
This structure of the code is more closely aligned with userspace
now such that it will be much easier to maintain going forward when
behavior changes take place. There are some locking improvements
bundled in as well.
- Zheng adds multi-filesystem support (multiple namespaces within the
same Ceph cluster)
- Zheng has changed the readdir offsets and directory enumeration so
that dentry offsets are hash-based and therefore stable across
directory fragmentation events on the MDS.
- Zheng has a smorgasbord of bug fixes across fs/ceph"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sage/ceph-client: (71 commits)
ceph: fix wake_up_session_cb()
ceph: don't use truncate_pagecache() to invalidate read cache
ceph: SetPageError() for writeback pages if writepages fails
ceph: handle interrupted ceph_writepage()
ceph: make ceph_update_writeable_page() uninterruptible
libceph: make ceph_osdc_wait_request() uninterruptible
ceph: handle -EAGAIN returned by ceph_update_writeable_page()
ceph: make fault/page_mkwrite return VM_FAULT_OOM for -ENOMEM
ceph: block non-fatal signals for fault/page_mkwrite
ceph: make logical calculation functions return bool
ceph: tolerate bad i_size for symlink inode
ceph: improve fragtree change detection
ceph: keep leaf frag when updating fragtree
ceph: fix dir_auth check in ceph_fill_dirfrag()
ceph: don't assume frag tree splits in mds reply are sorted
ceph: fix inode reference leak
ceph: using hash value to compose dentry offset
ceph: don't forbid marking directory complete after forward seek
ceph: record 'offset' for each entry of readdir result
ceph: define 'end/complete' in readdir reply as bit flags
...
This patch makes serverl logical caculation functions return bool to
improve readability due to these particular functions only using 0/1
as their return value.
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Zhang Zhuoyu <zhangzhuoyu@cmss.chinamobile.com>
If MDS sorts dentries in dirfrag in hash order, we use hash value to
compose dentry offset. dentry offset is:
(0xff << 52) | ((24 bits hash) << 28) |
(the nth entry hash hash collision)
This offset is stable across directory fragmentation. This alos means
there is no need to reset readdir offset if directory get fragmented
in the middle of readdir.
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Forward seek within same frag does not update fi->last_name, it will
not affect contents of later readdir reply. So there is no need to
forbid marking directory complete
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Set a flag in readdir request, which indicates that client interprets
'end/complete' as bit flags. So that mds can reply additional flags in
readdir reply.
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Pull remaining vfs xattr work from Al Viro:
"The rest of work.xattr (non-cifs conversions)"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
btrfs: Switch to generic xattr handlers
ubifs: Switch to generic xattr handlers
jfs: Switch to generic xattr handlers
jfs: Clean up xattr name mapping
gfs2: Switch to generic xattr handlers
ceph: kill __ceph_removexattr()
ceph: Switch to generic xattr handlers
ceph: Get rid of d_find_alias in ceph_set_acl
Add a catch-all xattr handler at the end of ceph_xattr_handlers. Check
for valid attribute names there, and remove those checks from
__ceph_{get,set,remove}xattr instead. No "system.*" xattrs need to be
handled by the catch-all handler anymore.
The set xattr handler is called with a NULL value to indicate that the
attribute should be removed; __ceph_setxattr already handles that case
correctly (ceph_set_acl could already calling __ceph_setxattr with a NULL
value).
Move the check for snapshots from ceph_{set,remove}xattr into
__ceph_{set,remove}xattr. With that, ceph_{get,set,remove}xattr can be
replaced with the generic iops.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
PAGE_CACHE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN} macros were introduced *long* time
ago with promise that one day it will be possible to implement page
cache with bigger chunks than PAGE_SIZE.
This promise never materialized. And unlikely will.
We have many places where PAGE_CACHE_SIZE assumed to be equal to
PAGE_SIZE. And it's constant source of confusion on whether
PAGE_CACHE_* or PAGE_* constant should be used in a particular case,
especially on the border between fs and mm.
Global switching to PAGE_CACHE_SIZE != PAGE_SIZE would cause to much
breakage to be doable.
Let's stop pretending that pages in page cache are special. They are
not.
The changes are pretty straight-forward:
- <foo> << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) -> <foo>;
- <foo> >> (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) -> <foo>;
- PAGE_CACHE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN} -> PAGE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN};
- page_cache_get() -> get_page();
- page_cache_release() -> put_page();
This patch contains automated changes generated with coccinelle using
script below. For some reason, coccinelle doesn't patch header files.
I've called spatch for them manually.
The only adjustment after coccinelle is revert of changes to
PAGE_CAHCE_ALIGN definition: we are going to drop it later.
There are few places in the code where coccinelle didn't reach. I'll
fix them manually in a separate patch. Comments and documentation also
will be addressed with the separate patch.
virtual patch
@@
expression E;
@@
- E << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT)
+ E
@@
expression E;
@@
- E >> (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT)
+ E
@@
@@
- PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
+ PAGE_SHIFT
@@
@@
- PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
+ PAGE_SIZE
@@
@@
- PAGE_CACHE_MASK
+ PAGE_MASK
@@
expression E;
@@
- PAGE_CACHE_ALIGN(E)
+ PAGE_ALIGN(E)
@@
expression E;
@@
- page_cache_get(E)
+ get_page(E)
@@
expression E;
@@
- page_cache_release(E)
+ put_page(E)
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use kmem_cache_zalloc() instead of kmem_cache_alloc() with flag GFP_ZERO.
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@163.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
If dentry has no lease, ceph_d_revalidate() previously return 0.
This causes VFS to invalidate the dentry and create a new dentry
for later lookup. Invalidating a dentry also detach any underneath
mount points. So mount point inside cephfs can disapear mystically
(even the mount point is not modified by other hosts).
The fix is using lookup request to revalidate dentry without lease.
This can partly solve the mount points disapear issue (as long as
the mount point is not modified by other hosts)
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
When security is enabled, security module can call filesystem's
getxattr/setxattr callbacks during d_instantiate(). For cephfs,
d_instantiate() is usually called by MDS' dispatch thread, while
handling MDS reply. If the MDS reply does not include xattrs and
corresponding caps, getxattr/setxattr need to send a new request
to MDS and waits for the reply. This makes MDS' dispatch sleep,
nobody handles later MDS replies.
The fix is make sure lookup/atomic_open reply include xattrs and
corresponding caps. So getxattr can be handled by cached xattrs.
This requires some modification to both MDS and request message.
(Client tells MDS what caps it wants; MDS encodes proper caps in
the reply)
Smack security module may call setxattr during d_instantiate().
Unlike getxattr, we can't force MDS to issue CEPH_CAP_XATTR_EXCL
to us. So just make setxattr return error when called by MDS'
dispatch thread.
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
parallel to mutex_{lock,unlock,trylock,is_locked,lock_nested},
inode_foo(inode) being mutex_foo(&inode->i_mutex).
Please, use those for access to ->i_mutex; over the coming cycle
->i_mutex will become rwsem, with ->lookup() done with it held
only shared.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Previously our dcache readdir code relies on that child dentries in
directory dentry's d_subdir list are sorted by dentry's offset in
descending order. When adding dentries to the dcache, if a dentry
already exists, our readdir code moves it to head of directory
dentry's d_subdir list. This design relies on dcache internals.
Al Viro suggests using ncpfs's approach: keeping array of pointers
to dentries in page cache of directory inode. the validity of those
pointers are presented by directory inode's complete and ordered
flags. When a dentry gets pruned, we clear directory inode's complete
flag in the d_prune() callback. Before moving a dentry to other
directory, we clear the ordered flag for both old and new directory.
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
GFP_NOFS memory allocation is required for page writeback path.
But there is no need to use GFP_NOFS in syscall path and readpage
path
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
fsync() on directory should flush dirty caps and wait for any
uncommitted directory opertions to commit. But ceph_dir_fsync()
only waits for uncommitted directory opertions.
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
No need to bifurcate wait now that we've got ceph_timeout_jiffies().
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
There are currently three libceph-level timeouts that the user can
specify on mount: mount_timeout, osd_idle_ttl and osdkeepalive. All of
these are in seconds and no checking is done on user input: negative
values are accepted, we multiply them all by HZ which may or may not
overflow, arbitrarily large jiffies then get added together, etc.
There is also a bug in the way mount_timeout=0 is handled. It's
supposed to mean "infinite timeout", but that's not how wait.h APIs
treat it and so __ceph_open_session() for example will busy loop
without much chance of being interrupted if none of ceph-mons are
there.
Fix all this by verifying user input, storing timeouts capped by
msecs_to_jiffies() in jiffies and using the new ceph_timeout_jiffies()
helper for all user-specified waits to handle infinite timeouts
correctly.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
Pull fourth vfs update from Al Viro:
"d_inode() annotations from David Howells (sat in for-next since before
the beginning of merge window) + four assorted fixes"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
RCU pathwalk breakage when running into a symlink overmounting something
fix I_DIO_WAKEUP definition
direct-io: only inc/dec inode->i_dio_count for file systems
fs/9p: fix readdir()
VFS: assorted d_backing_inode() annotations
VFS: fs/inode.c helpers: d_inode() annotations
VFS: fs/cachefiles: d_backing_inode() annotations
VFS: fs library helpers: d_inode() annotations
VFS: assorted weird filesystems: d_inode() annotations
VFS: normal filesystems (and lustre): d_inode() annotations
VFS: security/: d_inode() annotations
VFS: security/: d_backing_inode() annotations
VFS: net/: d_inode() annotations
VFS: net/unix: d_backing_inode() annotations
VFS: kernel/: d_inode() annotations
VFS: audit: d_backing_inode() annotations
VFS: Fix up some ->d_inode accesses in the chelsio driver
VFS: Cachefiles should perform fs modifications on the top layer only
VFS: AF_UNIX sockets should call mknod on the top layer only
Currently, there is no check for the kstrdup() for r_path2,
r_path1 and snapdir_name as various locations as there is a
possibility of failure during memory pressure. Therefore,
returning ENOMEM where the checks have been missed.
Signed-off-by: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
return type of wait_for_completion_timeout is unsigned long not int. An
appropriately named unsigned long is added and the assignment fixed up.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Mc Guire <hofrat@osadl.org>
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
that's the bulk of filesystem drivers dealing with inodes of their own
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
