I do not see much sense in the #if conditional in system_certificates.S;
even if the condition is true, there exists no signing key when
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_KEY="".
So, certs/Makefile generates empty certs/signing_key.x509 in such a
case. We can always do this, irrespective of CONFIG_MODULE_SIG or
(CONFIG_IMA_APPRAISE_MODSIG && CONFIG_MODULES).
We only need to check CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_KEY, then both *.S and Makefile
will become much simpler.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
When CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_KEY is PKCS#11 URL (pkcs11:*), signing_key.x509
fails to build:
certs/Makefile:77: *** target pattern contains no '%'. Stop.
Due to the typo, $(X509_DEP) contains a colon.
Fix it.
Fixes: b8c96a6b46 ("certs: simplify $(srctree)/ handling and remove config_filename macro")
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
The previous commit fixed up all shell scripts to not include
include/config/auto.conf.
Now that include/config/auto.conf is only included by Makefiles,
we can change it into a more Make-friendly form.
Previously, Kconfig output string values enclosed with double-quotes
(both in the .config and include/config/auto.conf):
CONFIG_X="foo bar"
Unlike shell, Make handles double-quotes (and single-quotes as well)
verbatim. We must rip them off when used.
There are some patterns:
[1] $(patsubst "%",%,$(CONFIG_X))
[2] $(CONFIG_X:"%"=%)
[3] $(subst ",,$(CONFIG_X))
[4] $(shell echo $(CONFIG_X))
These are not only ugly, but also fragile.
[1] and [2] do not work if the value contains spaces, like
CONFIG_X=" foo bar "
[3] does not work correctly if the value contains double-quotes like
CONFIG_X="foo\"bar"
[4] seems to work better, but has a cost of forking a process.
Anyway, quoted strings were always PITA for our Makefiles.
This commit changes Kconfig to stop quoting in include/config/auto.conf.
These are the string type symbols referenced in Makefiles or scripts:
ACPI_CUSTOM_DSDT_FILE
ARC_BUILTIN_DTB_NAME
ARC_TUNE_MCPU
BUILTIN_DTB_SOURCE
CC_IMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH
CC_VERSION_TEXT
CFG80211_EXTRA_REGDB_KEYDIR
EXTRA_FIRMWARE
EXTRA_FIRMWARE_DIR
EXTRA_TARGETS
H8300_BUILTIN_DTB
INITRAMFS_SOURCE
LOCALVERSION
MODULE_SIG_HASH
MODULE_SIG_KEY
NDS32_BUILTIN_DTB
NIOS2_DTB_SOURCE
OPENRISC_BUILTIN_DTB
SOC_CANAAN_K210_DTB_SOURCE
SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_HASH_LIST
SYSTEM_REVOCATION_KEYS
SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS
TARGET_CPU
UNUSED_KSYMS_WHITELIST
XILINX_MICROBLAZE0_FAMILY
XILINX_MICROBLAZE0_HW_VER
XTENSA_VARIANT_NAME
I checked them one by one, and fixed up the code where necessary.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
The complex macro, config_filename, was introduced to do:
[1] drop double-quotes from the string value
[2] add $(srctree)/ prefix in case the file is not found in $(objtree)
[3] escape spaces and more
[1] will be more generally handled by Kconfig later.
As for [2], Kbuild uses VPATH to search for files in $(objtree),
$(srctree) in this order. GNU Make can natively handle it.
As for [3], converting $(space) to $(space_escape) back and forth looks
questionable to me. It is well-known that GNU Make cannot handle file
paths with spaces in the first place.
Instead of using the complex macro, use $< so it will be expanded to
the file path of the key.
Remove config_filename, finally.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
This dependency is necessary irrespective of the mentioned GCC PR
because the embedded certificates are build artifacts and must be
generated by extract_certs before *.S files are compiled.
The comment sounds like we are hoping to remove these dependencies
someday. No, we cannot remove them.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
'make clean' removes files listed in 'targets'. It is redundant to
specify both 'targets' and 'clean-files'.
Move 'targets' assignments out of the ifeq-conditionals so
scripts/Makefile.clean can see them.
One effective change is that certs/certs/signing_key.x509 is now
deleted by 'make clean' instead of 'make mrproper. This certificate
is embedded in the kernel. It is not used in any way by external
module builds.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <n.schier@avm.de>
The .incbin directive in certs/system_certificates.S includes
certs/signing_key.x509 and certs/x509_certificate_list, both of which
are generated by extract_certs, i.e. exist in $(objtree).
This option -I$(srctree) is unneeded.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
cmd_extract_certs is defined twice. Unify them.
The current log shows the input file $(2), which might be empty.
You cannot know what is being created from the log, "EXTRACT_CERTS".
Change the log to show the output file with better alignment.
[Before]
EXTRACT_CERTS certs/signing_key.pem
CC certs/system_keyring.o
EXTRACT_CERTS
AS certs/system_certificates.o
CC certs/common.o
CC certs/blacklist.o
EXTRACT_CERTS
AS certs/revocation_certificates.o
[After]
CERT certs/signing_key.x509
CC certs/system_keyring.o
CERT certs/x509_certificate_list
AS certs/system_certificates.o
CC certs/common.o
CC certs/blacklist.o
CERT certs/x509_revocation_list
AS certs/revocation_certificates.o
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <n.schier@avm.de>
Do not repeat $(obj)/x509.genkey or $(obj)/signing_key.pem
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <n.schier@avm.de>
If the key type of the existing signing key does not match to
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_KEY_TYPE_*, the Makefile removes it so that it is
re-generated.
Use if_changed so that the key is re-generated when the key type is
changed (that is, the openssl command line is changed).
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Commit 5d06ee20b6 ("modsign: hide openssl output in silent builds")
silenced the key generation log from openssl in silent builds.
Since commit 174a1dcc96 ("kbuild: sink stdout from cmd for silent
build"), the 'cmd' macro can handle it in a cleaner way.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
When you run Kbuild with the parallel option -j, the messages from this
rule and others are interleaved, like follows:
###
CC arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.o
### Now generating an X.509 key pair to be used for signing modules.
###
### If this takes a long time, you might wish to run rngd in the
### background to keep the supply of entropy topped up. It
CC arch/x86/events/intel/bts.o
HDRTEST usr/include/linux/qnx4_fs.h
CC arch/x86/events/zhaoxin/core.o
### needs to be run as root, and uses a hardware random
### number generator if one is available.
AR init/built-in.a
###
On modern machines, it does not take a long time to generate the key.
Remove the ugly log messages.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
When x509.genkey is created, it prints a log:
Generating X.509 key generation config
..., which is not the ordinary Kbuild log style.
Check-in the default config as certs/default_x509.genkey to make it
readable, and copy it to certs/x509.genkey if it is not present.
The log is shown in the Kbuild style.
COPY certs/x509.genkey
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_HASH is defined by init/Kconfig. This $(error ...) is
never reachable. (If it is, you need to fix the bug.)
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Add support for using elliptic curve keys for signing modules. It uses
a NIST P384 (secp384r1) key if the user chooses an elliptic curve key
and will have ECDSA support built into the kernel.
Note: A developer choosing an ECDSA key for signing modules should still
delete the signing key (rm certs/signing_key.*) when building an older
version of a kernel that only supports RSA keys. Unless kbuild automati-
cally detects and generates a new kernel module key, ECDSA-signed kernel
modules will fail signature verification.
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Address a kbuild issue where a developer created an ECDSA key for signing
kernel modules and then builds an older version of the kernel, when bi-
secting the kernel for example, that does not support ECDSA keys.
If openssl is installed, trigger the creation of an RSA module signing
key if it is not an RSA key.
Fixes: cfc411e7ff ("Move certificate handling to its own directory")
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'integrity-v5.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/zohar/linux-integrity
Pull IMA updates from Mimi Zohar:
"In addition to loading the kernel module signing key onto the builtin
keyring, load it onto the IMA keyring as well.
Also six trivial changes and bug fixes"
* tag 'integrity-v5.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/zohar/linux-integrity:
ima: ensure IMA_APPRAISE_MODSIG has necessary dependencies
ima: Fix fall-through warnings for Clang
integrity: Add declarations to init_once void arguments.
ima: Fix function name error in comment.
ima: enable loading of build time generated key on .ima keyring
ima: enable signing of modules with build time generated key
keys: cleanup build time module signing keys
ima: Fix the error code for restoring the PCR value
ima: without an IMA policy loaded, return quickly
IMA_APPRAISE_MODSIG is used for verifying the integrity of both kernel
and modules. Enabling IMA_APPRAISE_MODSIG without MODULES causes a build
break.
Ensure the build time kernel signing key is only generated if both
IMA_APPRAISE_MODSIG and MODULES are enabled.
Fixes: 0165f4ca22 ("ima: enable signing of modules with build time generated key")
Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> # build-tested
Signed-off-by: Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
The kernel build process currently only signs kernel modules when
MODULE_SIG is enabled. Also, sign the kernel modules at build time when
IMA_APPRAISE_MODSIG is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
Since commit 9c2af1c737 ("kbuild: add .DELETE_ON_ERROR special
target"), the target file is automatically deleted on failure.
The boilerplate code
... || { rm -f $@; false; }
is unneeded.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
It's a bit hard for eye to track certs/Makefile if you are not
accustomed to it. This commit adds comments to key endif statements in
order to help to keep the context while reading this file.
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Add the following:
(1) A new system keyring that is used to store information about
blacklisted certificates and signatures.
(2) A new key type (called 'blacklist') that is used to store a
blacklisted hash in its description as a hex string. The key accepts
no payload.
(3) The ability to configure a list of blacklisted hashes into the kernel
at build time. This is done by setting
CONFIG_SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_HASH_LIST to the filename of a list of hashes
that are in the form:
"<hash>", "<hash>", ..., "<hash>"
where each <hash> is a hex string representation of the hash and must
include all necessary leading zeros to pad the hash to the right size.
The above are enabled with CONFIG_SYSTEM_BLACKLIST_KEYRING.
Once the kernel is booted, the blacklist keyring can be listed:
root@andromeda ~]# keyctl show %:.blacklist
Keyring
723359729 ---lswrv 0 0 keyring: .blacklist
676257228 ---lswrv 0 0 \_ blacklist: 123412341234c55c1dcc601ab8e172917706aa32fb5eaf826813547fdf02dd46
The blacklist cannot currently be modified by userspace, but it will be
possible to load it, for example, from the UEFI blacklist database.
A later commit will make it possible to load blacklisted asymmetric keys in
here too.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
When a user calls 'make -s', we can assume they don't want to
see any output except for warnings and errors, but instead
they see this for a warning free build:
###
### Now generating an X.509 key pair to be used for signing modules.
###
### If this takes a long time, you might wish to run rngd in the
### background to keep the supply of entropy topped up. It
### needs to be run as root, and uses a hardware random
### number generator if one is available.
###
Generating a 4096 bit RSA private key
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................++
..............................................................................................................................++
writing new private key to 'certs/signing_key.pem'
-----
###
### Key pair generated.
###
The output can confuse simple build testing scripts that just check
for an empty build log.
This patch silences all the output:
- "echo" is changed to "@$(kecho)", which is dropped when "-s" gets
passed
- the openssl command itself is only printed with V=1, using the
$(Q) macro
- The output of openssl gets redirected to /dev/null on "-s" builds.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Since commit 1329e8cc69 ("modsign: Extract signing cert from
CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_KEY if needed"), the build system has carefully coped
with the signing key being specified as a relative path in either the
source or or the build trees.
However, the actual signing of modules has not worked if the filename
is relative to the source tree.
Fix that by moving the config_filename helper into scripts/Kbuild.include
so that it can be used from elsewhere, and then using it in the top-level
Makefile to find the signing key file.
Kill the intermediate $(MODPUBKEY) and $(MODSECKEY) variables too, while
we're at it. There's no need for them.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
We couldn't use if_changed for this before, because it didn't live in
the kernel/ directory so we couldn't add it to $(targets). It was easier
just to leave it as it was.
Now it's in the certs/ directory we can use if_changed, the same as we
do for the trusted certificate list.
Aside from making things consistent, this means we don't need to depend
explicitly on the include/config/module/sig/key.h file. And we also get
to automatically do the right thing and re-extract the cert if the user
does odd things like using a relative filename and then playing silly
buggers with adding/removing that file in both the source and object
trees. We always favour the one in the object tree if it exists, and
now we'll correctly re-extract the cert when it changes. Previously we'd
*only* re-extract the cert if the config option changed, even if the
actual file we're using did change.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Move certificate handling out of the kernel/ directory and into a certs/
directory to get all the weird stuff in one place and move the generated
signing keys into this directory.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
