From Daniel's cover letter:
IBM Power9 processors can speculatively operate on data in the L1 cache
before it has been completely validated, via a way-prediction mechanism. It
is not possible for an attacker to determine the contents of impermissible
memory using this method, since these systems implement a combination of
hardware and software security measures to prevent scenarios where
protected data could be leaked.
However these measures don't address the scenario where an attacker induces
the operating system to speculatively execute instructions using data that
the attacker controls. This can be used for example to speculatively bypass
"kernel user access prevention" techniques, as discovered by Anthony
Steinhauser of Google's Safeside Project. This is not an attack by itself,
but there is a possibility it could be used in conjunction with
side-channels or other weaknesses in the privileged code to construct an
attack.
This issue can be mitigated by flushing the L1 cache between privilege
boundaries of concern.
This patch series flushes the L1 cache on kernel entry (patch 2) and after the
kernel performs any user accesses (patch 3). It also adds a self-test and
performs some related cleanups.
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Merge tag 'powerpc-cve-2020-4788' into fixes
From Daniel's cover letter:
IBM Power9 processors can speculatively operate on data in the L1 cache
before it has been completely validated, via a way-prediction mechanism. It
is not possible for an attacker to determine the contents of impermissible
memory using this method, since these systems implement a combination of
hardware and software security measures to prevent scenarios where
protected data could be leaked.
However these measures don't address the scenario where an attacker induces
the operating system to speculatively execute instructions using data that
the attacker controls. This can be used for example to speculatively bypass
"kernel user access prevention" techniques, as discovered by Anthony
Steinhauser of Google's Safeside Project. This is not an attack by itself,
but there is a possibility it could be used in conjunction with
side-channels or other weaknesses in the privileged code to construct an
attack.
This issue can be mitigated by flushing the L1 cache between privilege
boundaries of concern.
This patch series flushes the L1 cache on kernel entry (patch 2) and after the
kernel performs any user accesses (patch 3). It also adds a self-test and
performs some related cleanups.
IBM Power9 processors can speculatively operate on data in the L1 cache
before it has been completely validated, via a way-prediction mechanism. It
is not possible for an attacker to determine the contents of impermissible
memory using this method, since these systems implement a combination of
hardware and software security measures to prevent scenarios where
protected data could be leaked.
However these measures don't address the scenario where an attacker induces
the operating system to speculatively execute instructions using data that
the attacker controls. This can be used for example to speculatively bypass
"kernel user access prevention" techniques, as discovered by Anthony
Steinhauser of Google's Safeside Project. This is not an attack by itself,
but there is a possibility it could be used in conjunction with
side-channels or other weaknesses in the privileged code to construct an
attack.
This issue can be mitigated by flushing the L1 cache between privilege
boundaries of concern. This patch flushes the L1 cache after user accesses.
This is part of the fix for CVE-2020-4788.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Axtens <dja@axtens.net>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
IBM Power9 processors can speculatively operate on data in the L1 cache
before it has been completely validated, via a way-prediction mechanism. It
is not possible for an attacker to determine the contents of impermissible
memory using this method, since these systems implement a combination of
hardware and software security measures to prevent scenarios where
protected data could be leaked.
However these measures don't address the scenario where an attacker induces
the operating system to speculatively execute instructions using data that
the attacker controls. This can be used for example to speculatively bypass
"kernel user access prevention" techniques, as discovered by Anthony
Steinhauser of Google's Safeside Project. This is not an attack by itself,
but there is a possibility it could be used in conjunction with
side-channels or other weaknesses in the privileged code to construct an
attack.
This issue can be mitigated by flushing the L1 cache between privilege
boundaries of concern. This patch flushes the L1 cache on kernel entry.
This is part of the fix for CVE-2020-4788.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Axtens <dja@axtens.net>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Commit 2284ffea8f ("powerpc/64s/exception: Only test KVM in SRR
interrupts when PR KVM is supported") removed KVM guest tests from
interrupts that do not set HV=1, when PR-KVM is not configured.
This is wrong for HV-KVM HPT guest MMIO emulation case which attempts
to load the faulting instruction word with MSR[DR]=1 and MSR[HV]=1 with
the guest MMU context loaded. This can cause host DSI, DSLB interrupts
which must test for KVM guest. Restore this and add a comment.
Fixes: 2284ffea8f ("powerpc/64s/exception: Only test KVM in SRR interrupts when PR KVM is supported")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.7+
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201117135617.3521127-1-npiggin@gmail.com
pseries guest kernels have a FWNMI handler for SRESET and MCE NMIs,
which is basically the same as the regular handlers for those
interrupts.
The system reset FWNMI handler did not have a KVM guest test in it,
although it probably should have because the guest can itself run
guests.
Commit 4f50541f67 ("powerpc/64s/exception: Move all interrupt
handlers to new style code gen macros") convert the handler faithfully
to avoid a KVM test with a "clever" trick to modify the IKVM_REAL
setting to 0 when the fwnmi handler is to be generated (PPC_PSERIES=y).
This worked when the KVM test was generated in the interrupt entry
handlers, but a later patch moved the KVM test to the common handler,
and the common handler macro is expanded below the fwnmi entry. This
prevents the KVM test from being generated even for the 0x100 entry
point as well.
The result is NMI IPIs in the host kernel when a guest is running will
use gest registers. This goes particularly badly when an HPT guest is
running and the MMU is set to guest mode.
Remove this trickery and just generate the test always.
Fixes: 9600f261ac ("powerpc/64s/exception: Move KVM test to common code")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.7+
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201114114743.3306283-1-npiggin@gmail.com
- Add support for (optionally) using queued spinlocks & rwlocks.
- Support for a new faster system call ABI using the scv instruction on Power9
or later.
- Drop support for the PROT_SAO mmap/mprotect flag as it will be unsupported on
Power10 and future processors, leaving us with no way to implement the
functionality it requests. This risks breaking userspace, though we believe
it is unused in practice.
- A bug fix for, and then the removal of, our custom stack expansion checking.
We now allow stack expansion up to the rlimit, like other architectures.
- Remove the remnants of our (previously disabled) topology update code, which
tried to react to NUMA layout changes on virtualised systems, but was prone
to crashes and other problems.
- Add PMU support for Power10 CPUs.
- A change to our signal trampoline so that we don't unbalance the link stack
(branch return predictor) in the signal delivery path.
- Lots of other cleanups, refactorings, smaller features and so on as usual.
Thanks to:
Abhishek Goel, Alastair D'Silva, Alexander A. Klimov, Alexey Kardashevskiy,
Alistair Popple, Andrew Donnellan, Aneesh Kumar K.V, Anju T Sudhakar, Anton
Blanchard, Arnd Bergmann, Athira Rajeev, Balamuruhan S, Bharata B Rao, Bill
Wendling, Bin Meng, Cédric Le Goater, Chris Packham, Christophe Leroy,
Christoph Hellwig, Daniel Axtens, Dan Williams, David Lamparter, Desnes A.
Nunes do Rosario, Erhard F., Finn Thain, Frederic Barrat, Ganesh Goudar,
Gautham R. Shenoy, Geoff Levand, Greg Kurz, Gustavo A. R. Silva, Hari Bathini,
Harish, Imre Kaloz, Joel Stanley, Joe Perches, John Crispin, Jordan Niethe,
Kajol Jain, Kamalesh Babulal, Kees Cook, Laurent Dufour, Leonardo Bras, Li
RongQing, Madhavan Srinivasan, Mahesh Salgaonkar, Mark Cave-Ayland, Michal
Suchanek, Milton Miller, Mimi Zohar, Murilo Opsfelder Araujo, Nathan
Chancellor, Nathan Lynch, Naveen N. Rao, Nayna Jain, Nicholas Piggin, Oliver
O'Halloran, Palmer Dabbelt, Pedro Miraglia Franco de Carvalho, Philippe
Bergheaud, Pingfan Liu, Pratik Rajesh Sampat, Qian Cai, Qinglang Miao, Randy
Dunlap, Ravi Bangoria, Sachin Sant, Sam Bobroff, Sandipan Das, Santosh
Sivaraj, Satheesh Rajendran, Shirisha Ganta, Sourabh Jain, Srikar Dronamraju,
Stan Johnson, Stephen Rothwell, Thadeu Lima de Souza Cascardo, Thiago Jung
Bauermann, Tom Lane, Vaibhav Jain, Vladis Dronov, Wei Yongjun, Wen Xiong,
YueHaibing.
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Merge tag 'powerpc-5.9-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux
Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:
- Add support for (optionally) using queued spinlocks & rwlocks.
- Support for a new faster system call ABI using the scv instruction on
Power9 or later.
- Drop support for the PROT_SAO mmap/mprotect flag as it will be
unsupported on Power10 and future processors, leaving us with no way
to implement the functionality it requests. This risks breaking
userspace, though we believe it is unused in practice.
- A bug fix for, and then the removal of, our custom stack expansion
checking. We now allow stack expansion up to the rlimit, like other
architectures.
- Remove the remnants of our (previously disabled) topology update
code, which tried to react to NUMA layout changes on virtualised
systems, but was prone to crashes and other problems.
- Add PMU support for Power10 CPUs.
- A change to our signal trampoline so that we don't unbalance the link
stack (branch return predictor) in the signal delivery path.
- Lots of other cleanups, refactorings, smaller features and so on as
usual.
Thanks to: Abhishek Goel, Alastair D'Silva, Alexander A. Klimov, Alexey
Kardashevskiy, Alistair Popple, Andrew Donnellan, Aneesh Kumar K.V, Anju
T Sudhakar, Anton Blanchard, Arnd Bergmann, Athira Rajeev, Balamuruhan
S, Bharata B Rao, Bill Wendling, Bin Meng, Cédric Le Goater, Chris
Packham, Christophe Leroy, Christoph Hellwig, Daniel Axtens, Dan
Williams, David Lamparter, Desnes A. Nunes do Rosario, Erhard F., Finn
Thain, Frederic Barrat, Ganesh Goudar, Gautham R. Shenoy, Geoff Levand,
Greg Kurz, Gustavo A. R. Silva, Hari Bathini, Harish, Imre Kaloz, Joel
Stanley, Joe Perches, John Crispin, Jordan Niethe, Kajol Jain, Kamalesh
Babulal, Kees Cook, Laurent Dufour, Leonardo Bras, Li RongQing, Madhavan
Srinivasan, Mahesh Salgaonkar, Mark Cave-Ayland, Michal Suchanek, Milton
Miller, Mimi Zohar, Murilo Opsfelder Araujo, Nathan Chancellor, Nathan
Lynch, Naveen N. Rao, Nayna Jain, Nicholas Piggin, Oliver O'Halloran,
Palmer Dabbelt, Pedro Miraglia Franco de Carvalho, Philippe Bergheaud,
Pingfan Liu, Pratik Rajesh Sampat, Qian Cai, Qinglang Miao, Randy
Dunlap, Ravi Bangoria, Sachin Sant, Sam Bobroff, Sandipan Das, Santosh
Sivaraj, Satheesh Rajendran, Shirisha Ganta, Sourabh Jain, Srikar
Dronamraju, Stan Johnson, Stephen Rothwell, Thadeu Lima de Souza
Cascardo, Thiago Jung Bauermann, Tom Lane, Vaibhav Jain, Vladis Dronov,
Wei Yongjun, Wen Xiong, YueHaibing.
* tag 'powerpc-5.9-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (337 commits)
selftests/powerpc: Fix pkey syscall redefinitions
powerpc: Fix circular dependency between percpu.h and mmu.h
powerpc/powernv/sriov: Fix use of uninitialised variable
selftests/powerpc: Skip vmx/vsx/tar/etc tests on older CPUs
powerpc/40x: Fix assembler warning about r0
powerpc/papr_scm: Add support for fetching nvdimm 'fuel-gauge' metric
powerpc/papr_scm: Fetch nvdimm performance stats from PHYP
cpuidle: pseries: Fixup exit latency for CEDE(0)
cpuidle: pseries: Add function to parse extended CEDE records
cpuidle: pseries: Set the latency-hint before entering CEDE
selftests/powerpc: Fix online CPU selection
powerpc/perf: Consolidate perf_callchain_user_[64|32]()
powerpc/pseries/hotplug-cpu: Remove double free in error path
powerpc/pseries/mobility: Add pr_debug() for device tree changes
powerpc/pseries/mobility: Set pr_fmt()
powerpc/cacheinfo: Warn if cache object chain becomes unordered
powerpc/cacheinfo: Improve diagnostics about malformed cache lists
powerpc/cacheinfo: Use name@unit instead of full DT path in debug messages
powerpc/cacheinfo: Set pr_fmt()
powerpc: fix function annotations to avoid section mismatch warnings with gcc-10
...
Commit 2f92447f9f ("powerpc/book3s64/hash: Use the pte_t address from the
caller") removed the local_irq_disable from hash_preload, but it was
required for more than just the page table walk: the hash pte busy bit is
effectively a lock which may be taken in interrupt context, and the local
update flag test must not be preempted before it's used.
This solves apparent lockups with perf interrupting __hash_page_64K. If
get_perf_callchain then also takes a hash fault on the same page while it
is already locked, it will loop forever taking hash faults, which looks like
this:
cpu 0x49e: Vector: 100 (System Reset) at [c00000001a4f7d70]
pc: c000000000072dc8: hash_page_mm+0x8/0x800
lr: c00000000000c5a4: do_hash_page+0x24/0x38
sp: c0002ac1cc69ac70
msr: 8000000000081033
current = 0xc0002ac1cc602e00
paca = 0xc00000001de1f280 irqmask: 0x03 irq_happened: 0x01
pid = 20118, comm = pread2_processe
Linux version 5.8.0-rc6-00345-g1fad14f18bc6
49e:mon> t
[c0002ac1cc69ac70] c00000000000c5a4 do_hash_page+0x24/0x38 (unreliable)
--- Exception: 300 (Data Access) at c00000000008fa60 __copy_tofrom_user_power7+0x20c/0x7ac
[link register ] c000000000335d10 copy_from_user_nofault+0xf0/0x150
[c0002ac1cc69af70] c00032bf9fa3c880 (unreliable)
[c0002ac1cc69afa0] c000000000109df0 read_user_stack_64+0x70/0xf0
[c0002ac1cc69afd0] c000000000109fcc perf_callchain_user_64+0x15c/0x410
[c0002ac1cc69b060] c000000000109c00 perf_callchain_user+0x20/0x40
[c0002ac1cc69b080] c00000000031c6cc get_perf_callchain+0x25c/0x360
[c0002ac1cc69b120] c000000000316b50 perf_callchain+0x70/0xa0
[c0002ac1cc69b140] c000000000316ddc perf_prepare_sample+0x25c/0x790
[c0002ac1cc69b1a0] c000000000317350 perf_event_output_forward+0x40/0xb0
[c0002ac1cc69b220] c000000000306138 __perf_event_overflow+0x88/0x1a0
[c0002ac1cc69b270] c00000000010cf70 record_and_restart+0x230/0x750
[c0002ac1cc69b620] c00000000010d69c perf_event_interrupt+0x20c/0x510
[c0002ac1cc69b730] c000000000027d9c performance_monitor_exception+0x4c/0x60
[c0002ac1cc69b750] c00000000000b2f8 performance_monitor_common_virt+0x1b8/0x1c0
--- Exception: f00 (Performance Monitor) at c0000000000cb5b0 pSeries_lpar_hpte_insert+0x0/0x160
[link register ] c0000000000846f0 __hash_page_64K+0x210/0x540
[c0002ac1cc69ba50] 0000000000000000 (unreliable)
[c0002ac1cc69bb00] c000000000073ae0 update_mmu_cache+0x390/0x3a0
[c0002ac1cc69bb70] c00000000037f024 wp_page_copy+0x364/0xce0
[c0002ac1cc69bc20] c00000000038272c do_wp_page+0xdc/0xa60
[c0002ac1cc69bc70] c0000000003857bc handle_mm_fault+0xb9c/0x1b60
[c0002ac1cc69bd50] c00000000006c434 __do_page_fault+0x314/0xc90
[c0002ac1cc69be20] c00000000000c5c8 handle_page_fault+0x10/0x2c
--- Exception: 300 (Data Access) at 00007fff8c861fe8
SP (7ffff6b19660) is in userspace
Fixes: 2f92447f9f ("powerpc/book3s64/hash: Use the pte_t address from the caller")
Reported-by: Athira Rajeev <atrajeev@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reported-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@ozlabs.org>
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200727060947.10060-1-npiggin@gmail.com
From Nick's cover letter:
Linux powerpc new system call instruction and ABI
System Call Vectored (scv) ABI
==============================
The scv instruction is introduced with POWER9 / ISA3, it comes with an
rfscv counter-part. The benefit of these instructions is
performance (trading slower SRR0/1 with faster LR/CTR registers, and
entering the kernel with MSR[EE] and MSR[RI] left enabled, which can
reduce MSR updates. The scv instruction has 128 levels (not enough to
cover the Linux system call space).
Assignment and advertisement
----------------------------
The proposal is to assign scv levels conservatively, and advertise
them with HWCAP feature bits as we add support for more.
Linux has not enabled FSCR[SCV] yet, so executing the scv instruction
will cause the kernel to log a "SCV facility unavilable" message, and
deliver a SIGILL with ILL_ILLOPC to the process. Linux has defined a
HWCAP2 bit PPC_FEATURE2_SCV for SCV support, but does not set it.
This change allocates the zero level ('scv 0'), advertised with
PPC_FEATURE2_SCV, which will be used to provide normal Linux system
calls (equivalent to 'sc').
Attempting to execute scv with other levels will cause a SIGILL to be
delivered the same as before, but will not log a "SCV facility
unavailable" message (because the processor facility is enabled).
Calling convention
------------------
The proposal is for scv 0 to provide the standard Linux system call
ABI with the following differences from sc convention[1]:
- LR is to be volatile across scv calls. This is necessary because the
scv instruction clobbers LR. From previous discussion, this should
be possible to deal with in GCC clobbers and CFI.
- cr1 and cr5-cr7 are volatile. This matches the C ABI and would allow
the kernel system call exit to avoid restoring the volatile cr
registers (although we probably still would anyway to avoid
information leaks).
- Error handling: The consensus among kernel, glibc, and musl is to
move to using negative return values in r3 rather than CR0[SO]=1 to
indicate error, which matches most other architectures, and is
closer to a function call.
Notes
-----
- r0,r4-r8 are documented as volatile in the ABI, but the kernel patch
as submitted currently preserves them. This is to leave room for
deciding which way to go with these. Some small benefit was found by
preserving them[1] but I'm not convinced it's worth deviating from
the C function call ABI just for this. Release code should follow
the ABI.
Previous discussions:
https://lists.ozlabs.org/pipermail/linuxppc-dev/2020-April/208691.htmlhttps://lists.ozlabs.org/pipermail/linuxppc-dev/2020-April/209268.html
[1] https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/Documentation/powerpc/syscall64-abi.rst
[2] https://lists.ozlabs.org/pipermail/linuxppc-dev/2020-April/209263.html
Add support for the scv instruction on POWER9 and later CPUs.
For now this implements the zeroth scv vector 'scv 0', as identical to
'sc' system calls, with the exception that LR is not preserved, nor
are volatile CR registers, and error is not indicated with CR0[SO],
but by returning a negative errno.
rfscv is implemented to return from scv type system calls. It can not
be used to return from sc system calls because those are defined to
preserve LR.
getpid syscall throughput on POWER9 is improved by 26% (428 to 318
cycles), largely due to reducing mtmsr and mtspr.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
[mpe: Fix ppc64e build]
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200611081203.995112-3-npiggin@gmail.com
The scv instruction causes an interrupt which can enter the kernel with
MSR[EE]=1, thus allowing interrupts to hit at any time. These must not
be taken as normal interrupts, because they come from MSR[PR]=0 context,
and yet the kernel stack is not yet set up and r13 is not set to the
PACA).
Treat this as a soft-masked interrupt regardless of the soft masked
state. This does not affect behaviour yet, because currently all
interrupts are taken with MSR[EE]=0.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200611081203.995112-2-npiggin@gmail.com
A typo caused the interrupt handler to branch immediately to the
common "unknown interrupt" handler and skip the special case test for
denormal cause.
This does not affect KVM softpatch handling (e.g., for POWER9 TM
assist) because the KVM test was moved to common code by commit
9600f261ac ("powerpc/64s/exception: Move KVM test to common code")
just before this bug was introduced.
Fixes: 3f7fbd97d0 ("powerpc/64s/exception: Clean up SRR specifiers")
Reported-by: Paul Menzel <pmenzel@molgen.mpg.de>
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Paul Menzel <pmenzel@molgen.mpg.de>
[mpe: Split selftest into a separate patch]
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200708074942.1713396-1-npiggin@gmail.com
The CTR register reload in the KVM interrupt path used the wrong save
area for SLB (and NMI) interrupts.
Fixes: 9600f261ac ("powerpc/64s/exception: Move KVM test to common code")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.7+
Reported-by: Christian Zigotzky <chzigotzky@xenosoft.de>
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Christian Zigotzky <chzigotzky@xenosoft.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200615061247.1310763-1-npiggin@gmail.com
Similar to the C code change, make the AMR restore conditional on
whether the register has changed.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200429065654.1677541-7-npiggin@gmail.com
Merge our fixes branch from this cycle. It contains several important
fixes we need in next for testing purposes, and also some that will
conflict with upcoming changes.
Commit 702f098052 ("powerpc/64s/exception: Remove lite interrupt
return") changed the interrupt return path to not restore non-volatile
registers by default, and explicitly restore them in paths where it is
required.
But it missed that the facility unavailable exception can sometimes
modify user registers, ie. when it does emulation of move from DSCR.
This is seen as a failure of the dscr_sysfs_thread_test:
test: dscr_sysfs_thread_test
[cpu 0] User DSCR should be 1 but is 0
failure: dscr_sysfs_thread_test
So restore non-volatile GPRs after facility unavailable exceptions.
Currently the hypervisor facility unavailable exception is also wired
up to call facility_unavailable_exception().
In practice we should never take a hypervisor facility unavailable
exception for the DSCR. On older bare metal systems we set HFSCR_DSCR
unconditionally in __init_HFSCR, or on newer systems it should be
enabled via the "data-stream-control-register" device tree CPU
feature.
Even if it's not, since commit f3c99f97a3 ("KVM: PPC: Book3S HV:
Don't access HFSCR, LPIDR or LPCR when running nested"), the KVM code
has unconditionally set HFSCR_DSCR when running guests.
So we should only get a hypervisor facility unavailable for the DSCR
if skiboot has disabled the "data-stream-control-register" feature,
and we are somehow in guest context but not via KVM.
Given all that, it should be unnecessary to add a restore of
non-volatile GPRs after the hypervisor facility exception, because we
never expect to hit that path. But equally we may as well add the
restore, because we never expect to hit that path, and if we ever did,
at least we would correctly restore the registers to their post
emulation state.
In future we can split the non-HV and HV facility unavailable handling
so that there is no emulation in the HV handler, and then remove the
restore for the HV case.
Fixes: 702f098052 ("powerpc/64s/exception: Remove lite interrupt return")
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200526061808.2472279-1-mpe@ellerman.id.au
A spare interrupt stack slot is needed to save irq state when
reconciling NMIs (sreset and decrementer soft-nmi). _DAR is used
for this, but we want to reconcile machine checks as well, which
do use _DAR. Switch to using RESULT instead, as it's used by
system calls.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200508043408.886394-4-npiggin@gmail.com
The architecture allows for machine check exceptions to cause idle
wakeups which resume at the 0x200 address which has to return via
the idle wakeup code, but the early machine check handler is run
first.
The case of a no state-loss sleep is broken because the early
handler uses non-volatile register r1 , which is needed for the wakeup
protocol, but it is not restored.
Fix this by loading r1 from the MCE exception frame before returning
to the idle wakeup code. Also update the comment which has become
stale since the idle rewrite in C.
This crash was found and fix confirmed with a machine check injection
test in qemu powernv model (which is not upstream in qemu yet).
Fixes: 10d91611f4 ("powerpc/64s: Reimplement book3s idle code in C")
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200508043408.886394-2-npiggin@gmail.com
The system reset interrupt handler locks AMR and exits with
EXCEPTION_RESTORE_REGS without restoring AMR. Similarly to the
soft-NMI handler, it needs to restore.
Fixes: 890274c2dc ("powerpc/64s: Implement KUAP for Radix MMU")
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200429065654.1677541-5-npiggin@gmail.com
Commit 3282a3da25 ("powerpc/64: Implement soft interrupt replay in C")
broke the doorbell wakeup optimisation introduced by commit a9af97aa0a
("powerpc/64s: msgclr when handling doorbell exceptions from system
reset").
This patch restores the msgclr, in C code. It's now done in the system
reset wakeup path rather than doorbell interrupt replay where it used
to be, because it is always the right thing to do in the wakeup case,
but it may be rarely of use in other interrupt replay situations in
which case it's wasted work - we would have to run measurements to see
if that was a worthwhile optimisation, and I suspect it would not be.
The results are similar to those in the original commit, test on POWER8
of context_switch selftests benchmark with polling idle disabled (e.g.,
always nap, giving cross-CPU IPIs) gives the following results:
broken patched
Different threads, same core: 317k/s 375k/s +18.7%
Different cores: 280k/s 282k/s +1.0%
Fixes: 3282a3da25 ("powerpc/64: Implement soft interrupt replay in C")
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200402121212.1118218-1-npiggin@gmail.com
Regular interrupt return restores NVGPRS whereas lite returns do not.
This is clumsy: most interrupts can return without restoring NVGPRS in
most of the time, but there are special cases that require it (when
registers have been modified by the kernel). So change interrupt
return to not restore NVGPRS, and have interrupt handlers restore them
explicitly in the cases that requires it.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-30-npiggin@gmail.com
Implement the bulk of interrupt return logic in C. The asm return code
must handle a few cases: restoring full GPRs, and emulating stack
store.
The stack store emulation is significantly simplfied, rather than
creating a new return frame and switching to that before performing
the store, it uses the PACA to keep a scratch register around to
perform the store.
The asm return code is moved into 64e for now. The new logic has made
allowance for 64e, but I don't have a full environment that works well
to test it, and even booting in emulated qemu is not great for stress
testing. 64e shouldn't be too far off working with this, given a bit
more testing and auditing of the logic.
This is slightly faster on a POWER9 (page fault speed increases about
1.1%), probably due to reduced mtmsrd.
mpe: Includes fixes from Nick for _TIF_EMULATE_STACK_STORE
handling (including the fast_interrupt_return path), to remove
trace_hardirqs_on(), and fixes the interrupt-return part of the
MSR_VSX restore bug caught by tm-unavailable selftest.
mpe: Incorporate fix from Nick:
The return-to-kernel path has to replay any soft-pending interrupts if
it is returning to a context that had interrupts soft-enabled. It has
to do this carefully and avoid plain enabling interrupts if this is an
irq context, which can cause multiple nesting of interrupts on the
stack, and other unexpected issues.
The code which avoided this case got the soft-mask state wrong, and
marked interrupts as enabled before going around again to retry. This
seems to be mostly harmless except when PREEMPT=y, this calls
preempt_schedule_irq with irqs apparently enabled and runs into a BUG
in kernel/sched/core.c
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Suchanek <msuchanek@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-29-npiggin@gmail.com
When local_irq_enable() finds a pending soft-masked interrupt, it
"replays" it by setting up registers like the initial interrupt entry,
then calls into the low level handler to set up an interrupt stack
frame and process the interrupt.
This is not necessary, and uses more stack than needed. The high level
interrupt handler can be called directly from C, with just pt_regs set
up on stack. This should be faster and use less stack.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-28-npiggin@gmail.com
The soft NMI handler does not reconcile interrupt state, so it should
not return via the normal ret_from_except path. Return like other NMIs,
using the EXCEPTION_RESTORE_REGS macro.
This becomes important when the scv interrupt is implemented, which
must handle soft-masked interrupts that have r13 set to something
other than the PACA -- returning to kernel in this case must restore
r13.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-23-npiggin@gmail.com
This adds IRQ_HARD_DIS to irq_happened. Although it doesn't seem to
matter much because we're not allowed to enable irqs in an NMI
handler, the soft-irq debugging code is becoming more strict about
ensuring IRQ_HARD_DIS is in sync with MSR[EE], this may help avoid
asserts or other issues.
Add a comment explaining why MCE does not have this. Early machine
check is generally much smaller and more contained code which will
explode if you look at it wrong anyway as it runs in real mode, though
there's an argument that we should do similar reconciling for the MCE
as well.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-22-npiggin@gmail.com
Apart from SRESET, MCE, and syscall (hcall variant), the SRR type
interrupts are not escalated to hypervisor mode, so are delivered to
the OS.
When running PR KVM, the OS is the hypervisor, and the guest runs with
MSR[PR]=1 (ie. usermode), so these interrupts must test if a guest was
running when interrupted. These tests are required at the real-mode
entry points because the PR KVM host runs with LPCR[AIL]=0.
In HV KVM and nested HV KVM, the guest always receives these
interrupts, so there is no need for the host to make this test. So
remove the tests if PR KVM is not configured.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-21-npiggin@gmail.com
A few of the non-standard handlers are left uncommented. Some more
description could be added to some.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-20-npiggin@gmail.com
The hdec interrupt handler is reported to sometimes fire in Linux if
KVM leaves it pending after a guest exists. This is harmless, so there
is a no-op handler for it.
The interrupt handler currently uses the regular kernel stack. Change
this to avoid touching the stack entirely.
This should be the last place where the regular Linux stack can be
accessed with asynchronous interrupts (including PMI) soft-masked.
It might be possible to take advantage of this invariant, e.g., to
context switch the kernel stack SLB entry without clearing MSR[EE].
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-17-npiggin@gmail.com
Replace IEARLY=1 and IEARLY=2 with IBRANCH_COMMON, which controls if
the entry code branches to a common handler; and IREALMODE_COMMON,
which controls whether the common handler should remain in real mode.
These special cases no longer avoid loading the SRR registers, there
is no point as most of them load the registers immediately anyway.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-14-npiggin@gmail.com
This allows more code to be moved out of unrelocated regions. The
system call KVMTEST is changed to be open-coded and remain in the
tramp area to avoid having to move it to entry_64.S. The custom nature
of the system call entry code means the hcall case can be made more
streamlined than regular interrupt handlers.
mpe: Incorporate fix from Nick:
Moving KVM test to the common entry code missed the case of HMI and
MCE, which do not do __GEN_COMMON_ENTRY (because they don't want to
switch to virt mode).
This means a MCE or HMI exception that is taken while KVM is running a
guest context will not be switched out of that context, and KVM won't
be notified. Found by running sigfuz in guest with patched host on
POWER9 DD2.3, which causes some TM related HMI interrupts (which are
expected and supposed to be handled by KVM).
This fix adds a __GEN_REALMODE_COMMON_ENTRY for those handlers to add
the KVM test. This makes them look a little more like other handlers
that all use __GEN_COMMON_ENTRY.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-13-npiggin@gmail.com
As well as moving code out of the unrelocated vectors, this allows the
masked handlers to be moved to common code, and allows the soft_nmi
handler to be generated more like a regular handler.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-12-npiggin@gmail.com
The real mode interrupt entry points currently use rfid to branch to
the common handler in virtual mode. This is a significant amount of
code, and forces other code (notably the KVM test) to live in the
real mode handler.
In the interest of minimising the amount of code that runs unrelocated
move the switch to virt mode into the common code, and do it with
mtmsrd, which avoids clobbering SRRs (although the post-KVMTEST
performance of real-mode interrupt handlers is not a big concern these
days).
This requires CTR to always be saved (real-mode needs to reach 0xc...)
but that's not a huge impact these days. It could be optimized away in
future.
mpe: Incorporate fix from Nick:
It's possible for interrupts to be replayed when TM is enabled and
suspended, for example rt_sigreturn, where the mtmsrd MSR_KERNEL in
the real-mode entry point to the common handler causes a TM Bad Thing
exception (due to attempting to clear suspended).
The fix for this is to have replay interrupts go to the _virt entry
point and skip the mtmsrd, which matches what happens before this
patch.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-11-npiggin@gmail.com
Aside from label names and BUG line numbers, the generated code change
is an additional HMI KVM handler added for the "late" KVM handler,
because early and late HMI generation is achieved by defining two
different interrupt types.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-6-npiggin@gmail.com
These don't provide a large amount of code sharing. Removing them
makes code easier to shuffle around. For example, some of the common
instructions will be moved into the common code gen macro.
No generated code change.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-5-npiggin@gmail.com
The code generation macro arguments are difficult to read, and
defaults can't easily be used.
This introduces a block where parameters can be set for interrupt
handler code generation by the subsequent macros, and adds the first
generation macro for interrupt entry.
One interrupt handler is converted to the new macros to demonstrate
the change, the rest will be coverted all at once.
No generated code change.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200225173541.1549955-2-npiggin@gmail.com
This doc patch provides an initial description of the hcall op-codes
that are used by Linux kernel running as a guest (LPAR) on top of
PowerVM or any other sPAPR compliant hyper-visor (e.g qemu).
Apart from documenting the hcalls the doc-patch also provides a
rudimentary overview of how hcall ABI, how they are issued with the
Linux kernel and how information/control flows between the guest and
hypervisor.
Signed-off-by: Vaibhav Jain <vaibhav@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
[mpe: Add SPDX tag, add it to index.rst]
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190828082729.16695-1-vaibhav@linux.ibm.com
This implements the tricky tracing and soft irq handling bits in C,
leaving the low level bit to asm.
A functional difference is that this redirects the interrupt exit to
a return stub to execute blr, rather than the lr address itself. This
is probably barely measurable on real hardware, but it keeps the link
stack balanced.
Tested with QEMU.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
[mpe: Move power4_fixup_nap back into exceptions-64s.S]
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190711022404.18132-1-npiggin@gmail.com
This avoids 3 loads in the radix page fault case, 1 load in the
hash fault case, and 2 loads in the hash miss page fault case.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20190802105709.27696-37-npiggin@gmail.com
