GCC9 is throwing a lot of warnings about unaligned access. This patch
fixes some of them by changing most of the sockaddr handling functions
to take a pointer to struct ceph_entity_addr instead of struct
sockaddr_storage. The lower functions can then make copies or do
unaligned accesses as needed.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
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Merge tag 'printk-for-5.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pmladek/printk
Pull printk updates from Petr Mladek:
- Allow state reset of printk_once() calls.
- Prevent crashes when dereferencing invalid pointers in vsprintf().
Only the first byte is checked for simplicity.
- Make vsprintf warnings consistent and inlined.
- Treewide conversion of obsolete %pf, %pF to %ps, %pF printf
modifiers.
- Some clean up of vsprintf and test_printf code.
* tag 'printk-for-5.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pmladek/printk:
lib/vsprintf: Make function pointer_string static
vsprintf: Limit the length of inlined error messages
vsprintf: Avoid confusion between invalid address and value
vsprintf: Prevent crash when dereferencing invalid pointers
vsprintf: Consolidate handling of unknown pointer specifiers
vsprintf: Factor out %pO handler as kobject_string()
vsprintf: Factor out %pV handler as va_format()
vsprintf: Factor out %p[iI] handler as ip_addr_string()
vsprintf: Do not check address of well-known strings
vsprintf: Consistent %pK handling for kptr_restrict == 0
vsprintf: Shuffle restricted_pointer()
printk: Tie printk_once / printk_deferred_once into .data.once for reset
treewide: Switch printk users from %pf and %pF to %ps and %pS, respectively
lib/test_printf: Switch to bitmap_zalloc()
A bvec can now consist of multiple physically contiguous pages.
This means that bvec_iter_advance() can move to a different page while
staying in the same bvec (i.e. ->bi_bvec_done != 0).
The messenger works in terms of segments which can now be defined as
the smaller of a bvec and a page. The "more bytes to process in this
segment" condition holds only if bvec_iter_advance() leaves us in the
same bvec _and_ in the same page. On next bvec (possibly in the same
page) and on next page (possibly in the same bvec) we may need to set
->last_piece.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Because map updates are distributed lazily, an OSD may not know about
the new blacklist for quite some time after "osd blacklist add" command
is completed. This makes it possible for a blacklisted but still alive
client to overwrite a post-blacklist update, resulting in data
corruption.
Waiting for latest osdmap in ceph_monc_blacklist_add() and thus using
the post-blacklist epoch for all post-blacklist requests ensures that
all such requests "wait" for the blacklist to come into force on their
respective OSDs.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 6305a3b415 ("libceph: support for blacklisting clients")
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Dillaman <dillaman@redhat.com>
One of the more common cases of allocation size calculations is finding
the size of a structure that has a zero-sized array at the end, along
with memory for some number of elements for that array. For example:
struct foo {
int stuff;
struct boo entry[];
};
instance = kmalloc(sizeof(struct foo) + count * sizeof(struct boo), GFP_KERNEL);
Instead of leaving these open-coded and prone to type mistakes, we can
now use the new struct_size() helper:
instance = kmalloc(struct_size(instance, entry, count), GFP_KERNEL);
This code was detected with the help of Coccinelle.
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
The authorize reply can be empty, for example when the ticket used to
build the authorizer is too old and TAG_BADAUTHORIZER is returned from
the service. Calling ->verify_authorizer_reply() results in an attempt
to decrypt and validate (somewhat) random data in au->buf (most likely
the signature block from calc_signature()), which fails and ends up in
con_fault_finish() with !con->auth_retry. The ticket isn't invalidated
and the connection is retried again and again until a new ticket is
obtained from the monitor:
libceph: osd2 192.168.122.1:6809 bad authorize reply
libceph: osd2 192.168.122.1:6809 bad authorize reply
libceph: osd2 192.168.122.1:6809 bad authorize reply
libceph: osd2 192.168.122.1:6809 bad authorize reply
Let TAG_BADAUTHORIZER handler kick in and increment con->auth_retry.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 5c056fdc5b ("libceph: verify authorize reply on connect")
Link: https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/20164
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
con_fault() can transition the connection into STANDBY right after
ceph_con_keepalive() clears STANDBY in clear_standby():
libceph user thread ceph-msgr worker
ceph_con_keepalive()
mutex_lock(&con->mutex)
clear_standby(con)
mutex_unlock(&con->mutex)
mutex_lock(&con->mutex)
con_fault()
...
if KEEPALIVE_PENDING isn't set
set state to STANDBY
...
mutex_unlock(&con->mutex)
set KEEPALIVE_PENDING
set WRITE_PENDING
This triggers warnings in clear_standby() when either ceph_con_send()
or ceph_con_keepalive() get to clearing STANDBY next time.
I don't see a reason to condition queue_con() call on the previous
value of KEEPALIVE_PENDING, so move the setting of KEEPALIVE_PENDING
into the critical section -- unlike WRITE_PENDING, KEEPALIVE_PENDING
could have been a non-atomic flag.
Reported-by: syzbot+acdeb633f6211ccdf886@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Myungho Jung <mhjungk@gmail.com>
Introduce a new option abort_on_full, default to false. Then
we can get -ENOSPC when the pool is full, or reaches quota.
[ Don't show abort_on_full in /proc/mounts. ]
Signed-off-by: Dongsheng Yang <dongsheng.yang@easystack.cn>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Prevent do_tcp_sendpages() from calling tcp_push() (at least) once per
page. Instead, arrange for tcp_push() to be called (at least) once per
data payload. This results in more MSS-sized packets and fewer packets
overall (5-10% reduction in my tests with typical OSD request sizes).
See commits 2f53384424 ("tcp: allow splice() to build full TSO
packets"), 35f9c09fe9 ("tcp: tcp_sendpages() should call tcp_push()
once") and ae62ca7b03 ("tcp: fix MSG_SENDPAGE_NOTLAST logic") for
details.
Here is an example of a packet size histogram for 128K OSD requests
(MSS = 1448, top 5):
Before:
SIZE COUNT
1448 777700
952 127915
1200 39238
1219 9806
21 5675
After:
SIZE COUNT
1448 897280
21 6201
1019 2797
643 2739
376 2479
We could do slightly better by explicitly corking the socket but it's
not clear it's worth it.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
sock_no_sendpage() makes the code cleaner.
Also, don't set MSG_EOR. sendpage doesn't act on MSG_EOR on its own,
it just honors the setting from the preceding sendmsg call by looking
at ->eor in tcp_skb_can_collapse_to().
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
last_piece is for the last piece in the current data item, not in the
entire data payload of the message. This is harmful for messages with
multiple data items. On top of that, we don't need to signal the end
of a data payload either because it is always followed by a footer.
We used to signal "more" unconditionally, until commit fe38a2b67b
("libceph: start defining message data cursor"). Part of a large
series, it introduced cursor->last_piece and also mistakenly inverted
the hint by passing last_piece for "more". This was corrected with
commit c2cfa19400 ("libceph: Fix ceph_tcp_sendpage()'s more boolean
usage").
As it is, last_piece is not helping at all: because Nagle algorithm is
disabled, for a simple message with two 512-byte data items we end up
emitting three packets: front + first data item, second data item and
footer. Go back to the original pre-fe38a2b67bc6 behavior -- a single
packet in most cases.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
skb_can_coalesce() allows coalescing neighboring slab objects into
a single frag:
return page == skb_frag_page(frag) &&
off == frag->page_offset + skb_frag_size(frag);
ceph_tcp_sendpage() can be handed slab pages. One example of this is
XFS: it passes down sector sized slab objects for its metadata I/O. If
the kernel client is co-located on the OSD node, the skb may go through
loopback and pop on the receive side with the exact same set of frags.
When tcp_recvmsg() attempts to copy out such a frag, hardened usercopy
complains because the size exceeds the object's allocated size:
usercopy: kernel memory exposure attempt detected from ffff9ba917f20a00 (kmalloc-512) (1024 bytes)
Although skb_can_coalesce() could be taught to return false if the
resulting frag would cross a slab object boundary, we already have
a fallback for non-refcounted pages. Utilize it for slab pages too.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.8+
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Pull AFS updates from Al Viro:
"AFS series, with some iov_iter bits included"
* 'work.afs' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (26 commits)
missing bits of "iov_iter: Separate type from direction and use accessor functions"
afs: Probe multiple fileservers simultaneously
afs: Fix callback handling
afs: Eliminate the address pointer from the address list cursor
afs: Allow dumping of server cursor on operation failure
afs: Implement YFS support in the fs client
afs: Expand data structure fields to support YFS
afs: Get the target vnode in afs_rmdir() and get a callback on it
afs: Calc callback expiry in op reply delivery
afs: Fix FS.FetchStatus delivery from updating wrong vnode
afs: Implement the YFS cache manager service
afs: Remove callback details from afs_callback_break struct
afs: Commit the status on a new file/dir/symlink
afs: Increase to 64-bit volume ID and 96-bit vnode ID for YFS
afs: Don't invoke the server to read data beyond EOF
afs: Add a couple of tracepoints to log I/O errors
afs: Handle EIO from delivery function
afs: Fix TTL on VL server and address lists
afs: Implement VL server rotation
afs: Improve FS server rotation error handling
...
- a series that fixes some old memory allocation issues in libceph
(myself). We no longer allocate memory in places where allocation
failures cannot be handled and BUG when the allocation fails.
- support for copy_file_range() syscall (Luis Henriques). If size and
alignment conditions are met, it leverages RADOS copy-from operation.
Otherwise, a local copy is performed.
- a patch that reduces memory requirement of ceph_sync_read() from the
size of the entire read to the size of one object (Zheng Yan).
- fallocate() syscall is now restricted to FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE (Luis
Henriques)
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Merge tag 'ceph-for-4.20-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client
Pull ceph updates from Ilya Dryomov:
"The highlights are:
- a series that fixes some old memory allocation issues in libceph
(myself). We no longer allocate memory in places where allocation
failures cannot be handled and BUG when the allocation fails.
- support for copy_file_range() syscall (Luis Henriques). If size and
alignment conditions are met, it leverages RADOS copy-from
operation. Otherwise, a local copy is performed.
- a patch that reduces memory requirement of ceph_sync_read() from
the size of the entire read to the size of one object (Zheng Yan).
- fallocate() syscall is now restricted to FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE (Luis
Henriques)"
* tag 'ceph-for-4.20-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client: (25 commits)
ceph: new mount option to disable usage of copy-from op
ceph: support copy_file_range file operation
libceph: support the RADOS copy-from operation
ceph: add non-blocking parameter to ceph_try_get_caps()
libceph: check reply num_data_items in setup_request_data()
libceph: preallocate message data items
libceph, rbd, ceph: move ceph_osdc_alloc_messages() calls
libceph: introduce alloc_watch_request()
libceph: assign cookies in linger_submit()
libceph: enable fallback to ceph_msg_new() in ceph_msgpool_get()
ceph: num_ops is off by one in ceph_aio_retry_work()
libceph: no need to call osd_req_opcode_valid() in osd_req_encode_op()
ceph: set timeout conditionally in __cap_delay_requeue
libceph: don't consume a ref on pagelist in ceph_msg_data_add_pagelist()
libceph: introduce ceph_pagelist_alloc()
libceph: osd_req_op_cls_init() doesn't need to take opcode
libceph: bump CEPH_MSG_MAX_DATA_LEN
ceph: only allow punch hole mode in fallocate
ceph: refactor ceph_sync_read()
ceph: check if LOOKUPNAME request was aborted when filling trace
...
In the iov_iter struct, separate the iterator type from the iterator
direction and use accessor functions to access them in most places.
Convert a bunch of places to use switch-statements to access them rather
then chains of bitwise-AND statements. This makes it easier to add further
iterator types. Also, this can be more efficient as to implement a switch
of small contiguous integers, the compiler can use ~50% fewer compare
instructions than it has to use bitwise-and instructions.
Further, cease passing the iterator type into the iterator setup function.
The iterator function can set that itself. Only the direction is required.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Add support for performing remote object copies using the 'copy-from'
operation.
[ Add COPY_FROM to get_num_data_items(). ]
Signed-off-by: Luis Henriques <lhenriques@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
setup_request_data() adds message data items to both request and reply
messages, but only checks request num_data_items before proceeding with
the loop. This is wrong because if an op doesn't have any request data
items but has a reply data item (e.g. read), a duplicate data item gets
added to the message on every resend attempt.
This went unnoticed for years but now that message data items are
preallocated, it promptly crashes in ceph_msg_data_add(). Amend the
signature to make it clear that setup_request_data() operates on both
request and reply messages. Also, remove data_len assert -- we have
another one in prepare_write_message().
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Currently message data items are allocated with ceph_msg_data_create()
in setup_request_data() inside send_request(). send_request() has never
been allowed to fail, so each allocation is followed by a BUG_ON:
data = ceph_msg_data_create(...);
BUG_ON(!data);
It's been this way since support for multiple message data items was
added in commit 6644ed7b7e ("libceph: make message data be a pointer")
in 3.10.
There is no reason to delay the allocation of message data items until
the last possible moment and we certainly don't need a linked list of
them as they are only ever appended to the end and never erased. Make
ceph_msg_new2() take max_data_items and adapt the rest of the code.
Reported-by: Jerry Lee <leisurelysw24@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
The current requirement is that ceph_osdc_alloc_messages() should be
called after oid and oloc are known. In preparation for preallocating
message data items, move ceph_osdc_alloc_messages() further down, so
that it is called when OSD op codes are known.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
ceph_osdc_alloc_messages() call will be moved out of
alloc_linger_request() in the next commit, which means that
ceph_osdc_watch() will need to call ceph_osdc_alloc_messages()
twice. Add a helper for that.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Register lingers directly in linger_submit(). This avoids allocating
memory for notify pagelist while holding osdc->lock and simplifies both
callers of linger_submit().
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
ceph_msgpool_get() can fall back to ceph_msg_new() when it is asked for
a message whose front portion is larger than pool->front_len. However
the caller always passes 0, effectively disabling that code path. The
allocation goes to the message pool and returns a message with a front
that is smaller than requested, setting us up for a crash.
One example of this is a directory with a large number of snapshots.
If its snap context doesn't fit, we oops in encode_request_partial().
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Because send_mds_reconnect() wants to send a message with a pagelist
and pass the ownership to the messenger, ceph_msg_data_add_pagelist()
consumes a ref which is then put in ceph_msg_data_destroy(). This
makes managing pagelists in the OSD client (where they are wrapped in
ceph_osd_data) unnecessarily hard because the handoff only happens in
ceph_osdc_start_request() instead of when the pagelist is passed to
ceph_osd_data_pagelist_init(). I counted several memory leaks on
various error paths.
Fix up ceph_msg_data_add_pagelist() and carry a pagelist ref in
ceph_osd_data.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
struct ceph_pagelist cannot be embedded into anything else because it
has its own refcount. Merge allocation and initialization together.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
In the quest to remove all stack VLA usage from the kernel[1], this
replaces struct crypto_skcipher and SKCIPHER_REQUEST_ON_STACK() usage
with struct crypto_sync_skcipher and SYNC_SKCIPHER_REQUEST_ON_STACK(),
which uses a fixed stack size.
[1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/CA+55aFzCG-zNmZwX4A2FQpadafLfEzK6CC=qPXydAacU1RqZWA@mail.gmail.com
Cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Cc: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
request_key never return NULL,so no need do non-NULL check.
Signed-off-by: YueHaibing <yuehaibing@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Avoid scribbling over memory if the received reply/challenge is larger
than the buffer supplied with the authorizer.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Derive the signature from the entire buffer (both AES cipher blocks)
instead of using just the first half of the first block, leaving out
data_crc entirely.
This addresses CVE-2018-1129.
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/24837
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
When a client authenticates with a service, an authorizer is sent with
a nonce to the service (ceph_x_authorize_[ab]) and the service responds
with a mutation of that nonce (ceph_x_authorize_reply). This lets the
client verify the service is who it says it is but it doesn't protect
against a replay: someone can trivially capture the exchange and reuse
the same authorizer to authenticate themselves.
Allow the service to reject an initial authorizer with a random
challenge (ceph_x_authorize_challenge). The client then has to respond
with an updated authorizer proving they are able to decrypt the
service's challenge and that the new authorizer was produced for this
specific connection instance.
The accepting side requires this challenge and response unconditionally
if the client side advertises they have CEPHX_V2 feature bit.
This addresses CVE-2018-1128.
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/24836
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Will be used for encrypting both the initial and updated authorizers.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Will be used for decrypting the server challenge which is only preceded
by ceph_x_encrypt_header.
Drop struct_v check to allow for extending ceph_x_encrypt_header in the
future.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Will be used for sending ceph_msg_connect with an updated authorizer,
after the server challenges the initial authorizer.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
We already copy authorizer_reply_buf and authorizer_reply_buf_len into
ceph_connection. Factoring out __prepare_write_connect() requires two
more: authorizer_buf and authorizer_buf_len. Store the pointer to the
handshake in con->auth rather than piling on.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Remove blank lines at end of file and trailing whitespace.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
The request mtime field is used all over ceph, and is currently
represented as a 'timespec' structure in Linux. This changes it to
timespec64 to allow times beyond 2038, modifying all users at the
same time.
[ Remove now redundant ts variable in writepage_nounlock(). ]
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
ceph_con_keepalive_expired() is the last user of timespec_add() and some
of the last uses of ktime_get_real_ts(). Replacing this with timespec64
based interfaces lets us remove that deprecated API.
I'm introducing new ceph_encode_timespec64()/ceph_decode_timespec64()
here that take timespec64 structures and convert to/from ceph_timespec,
which is defined to have an unsigned 32-bit tv_sec member. This extends
the range of valid times to year 2106, avoiding the year 2038 overflow.
The ceph file system portion still uses the old functions for inode
timestamps, this will be done separately after the VFS layer is converted.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
There is no reason to continue option parsing after detecting
bad option.
[ Return match_int() errors from ceph_parse_options() to match the
behaviour of parse_rbd_opts_token() and parse_fsopt_token(). ]
Signed-off-by: Chengguang Xu <cgxu519@gmx.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
The wire format dictates that payload_len fits into 4 bytes. Take u32
instead of size_t to reflect that.
All callers pass a small integer, so no changes required.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
requests are aborted, improving CephFS ENOSPC handling and making
"umount -f" actually work (Zheng and myself). The rest is mostly
mount option handling cleanups from Chengguang and assorted fixes
from Zheng, Luis and Dongsheng.
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Merge tag 'ceph-for-4.18-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client
Pull ceph updates from Ilya Dryomov:
"The main piece is a set of libceph changes that revamps how OSD
requests are aborted, improving CephFS ENOSPC handling and making
"umount -f" actually work (Zheng and myself).
The rest is mostly mount option handling cleanups from Chengguang and
assorted fixes from Zheng, Luis and Dongsheng.
* tag 'ceph-for-4.18-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client: (31 commits)
rbd: flush rbd_dev->watch_dwork after watch is unregistered
ceph: update description of some mount options
ceph: show ino32 if the value is different with default
ceph: strengthen rsize/wsize/readdir_max_bytes validation
ceph: fix alignment of rasize
ceph: fix use-after-free in ceph_statfs()
ceph: prevent i_version from going back
ceph: fix wrong check for the case of updating link count
libceph: allocate the locator string with GFP_NOFAIL
libceph: make abort_on_full a per-osdc setting
libceph: don't abort reads in ceph_osdc_abort_on_full()
libceph: avoid a use-after-free during map check
libceph: don't warn if req->r_abort_on_full is set
libceph: use for_each_request() in ceph_osdc_abort_on_full()
libceph: defer __complete_request() to a workqueue
libceph: move more code into __complete_request()
libceph: no need to call flush_workqueue() before destruction
ceph: flush pending works before shutdown super
ceph: abort osd requests on force umount
libceph: introduce ceph_osdc_abort_requests()
...
- Use overflow helpers in 2-factor allocators (Kees, Rasmus)
- Introduce overflow test module (Rasmus, Kees)
- Introduce saturating size helper functions (Matthew, Kees)
- Treewide use of struct_size() for allocators (Kees)
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Merge tag 'overflow-v4.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux
Pull overflow updates from Kees Cook:
"This adds the new overflow checking helpers and adds them to the
2-factor argument allocators. And this adds the saturating size
helpers and does a treewide replacement for the struct_size() usage.
Additionally this adds the overflow testing modules to make sure
everything works.
I'm still working on the treewide replacements for allocators with
"simple" multiplied arguments:
*alloc(a * b, ...) -> *alloc_array(a, b, ...)
and
*zalloc(a * b, ...) -> *calloc(a, b, ...)
as well as the more complex cases, but that's separable from this
portion of the series. I expect to have the rest sent before -rc1
closes; there are a lot of messy cases to clean up.
Summary:
- Introduce arithmetic overflow test helper functions (Rasmus)
- Use overflow helpers in 2-factor allocators (Kees, Rasmus)
- Introduce overflow test module (Rasmus, Kees)
- Introduce saturating size helper functions (Matthew, Kees)
- Treewide use of struct_size() for allocators (Kees)"
* tag 'overflow-v4.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux:
treewide: Use struct_size() for devm_kmalloc() and friends
treewide: Use struct_size() for vmalloc()-family
treewide: Use struct_size() for kmalloc()-family
device: Use overflow helpers for devm_kmalloc()
mm: Use overflow helpers in kvmalloc()
mm: Use overflow helpers in kmalloc_array*()
test_overflow: Add memory allocation overflow tests
overflow.h: Add allocation size calculation helpers
test_overflow: Report test failures
test_overflow: macrofy some more, do more tests for free
lib: add runtime test of check_*_overflow functions
compiler.h: enable builtin overflow checkers and add fallback code
One of the more common cases of allocation size calculations is finding
the size of a structure that has a zero-sized array at the end, along
with memory for some number of elements for that array. For example:
struct foo {
int stuff;
void *entry[];
};
instance = kmalloc(sizeof(struct foo) + sizeof(void *) * count, GFP_KERNEL);
Instead of leaving these open-coded and prone to type mistakes, we can
now use the new struct_size() helper:
instance = kmalloc(struct_size(instance, entry, count), GFP_KERNEL);
This patch makes the changes for kmalloc()-family (and kvmalloc()-family)
uses. It was done via automatic conversion with manual review for the
"CHECKME" non-standard cases noted below, using the following Coccinelle
script:
// pkey_cache = kmalloc(sizeof *pkey_cache + tprops->pkey_tbl_len *
// sizeof *pkey_cache->table, GFP_KERNEL);
@@
identifier alloc =~ "kmalloc|kzalloc|kvmalloc|kvzalloc";
expression GFP;
identifier VAR, ELEMENT;
expression COUNT;
@@
- alloc(sizeof(*VAR) + COUNT * sizeof(*VAR->ELEMENT), GFP)
+ alloc(struct_size(VAR, ELEMENT, COUNT), GFP)
// mr = kzalloc(sizeof(*mr) + m * sizeof(mr->map[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
@@
identifier alloc =~ "kmalloc|kzalloc|kvmalloc|kvzalloc";
expression GFP;
identifier VAR, ELEMENT;
expression COUNT;
@@
- alloc(sizeof(*VAR) + COUNT * sizeof(VAR->ELEMENT[0]), GFP)
+ alloc(struct_size(VAR, ELEMENT, COUNT), GFP)
// Same pattern, but can't trivially locate the trailing element name,
// or variable name.
@@
identifier alloc =~ "kmalloc|kzalloc|kvmalloc|kvzalloc";
expression GFP;
expression SOMETHING, COUNT, ELEMENT;
@@
- alloc(sizeof(SOMETHING) + COUNT * sizeof(ELEMENT), GFP)
+ alloc(CHECKME_struct_size(&SOMETHING, ELEMENT, COUNT), GFP)
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
calc_target() isn't supposed to fail with anything but POOL_DNE, in
which case we report that the pool doesn't exist and fail the request
with -ENOENT. Doing this for -ENOMEM is at the very least confusing
and also harmful -- as the preceding requests complete, a short-lived
locator string allocation is likely to succeed after a wait.
(We used to call ceph_object_locator_to_pg() for a pi lookup. In
theory that could fail with -ENOENT, hence the "ret != -ENOENT" warning
being removed.)
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
The intent behind making it a per-request setting was that it would be
set for writes, but not for reads. As it is, the flag is set for all
fs/ceph requests except for pool perm check stat request (technically
a read).
ceph_osdc_abort_on_full() skips reads since the previous commit and
I don't see a use case for marking individual requests.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Don't consider reads for aborting and use ->base_oloc instead of
->target_oloc, as done in __submit_request().
Strictly speaking, we shouldn't be aborting FULL_TRY/FULL_FORCE writes
either. But, there is an inconsistency in FULL_TRY/FULL_FORCE handling
on the OSD side [1], so given that neither of these is used in the
kernel client, leave it for when the OSD behaviour is sorted out.
[1] http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/24339
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Sending map check after complete_request() was called is not only
useless, but can lead to a use-after-free as req->r_kref decrement in
__complete_request() races with map check code.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
The "FULL or reached pool quota" warning is there to explain paused
requests. No need to emit it if pausing isn't going to occur.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Scanning the trees just to see if there is anything to abort is
unnecessary -- all that is needed here is to update the epoch barrier
first, before we start aborting. Simplify and do the update inside the
loop before calling abort_request() for the first time.
The switch to for_each_request() also fixes a bug: homeless requests
weren't even considered for aborting.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
In the common case, req->r_callback is called by handle_reply() on the
ceph-msgr worker thread without any locks. If handle_reply() fails, it
is called with both osd->lock and osdc->lock. In the map check case,
it is called with just osdc->lock but held for write. Finally, if the
request is aborted because of -ENOSPC or by ceph_osdc_abort_requests(),
it is called directly on the submitter's thread, again with both locks.
req->r_callback on the submitter's thread is relatively new (introduced
in 4.12) and ripe for deadlocks -- e.g. writeback worker thread waiting
on itself:
inode_wait_for_writeback+0x26/0x40
evict+0xb5/0x1a0
iput+0x1d2/0x220
ceph_put_wrbuffer_cap_refs+0xe0/0x2c0 [ceph]
writepages_finish+0x2d3/0x410 [ceph]
__complete_request+0x26/0x60 [libceph]
complete_request+0x2e/0x70 [libceph]
__submit_request+0x256/0x330 [libceph]
submit_request+0x2b/0x30 [libceph]
ceph_osdc_start_request+0x25/0x40 [libceph]
ceph_writepages_start+0xdfe/0x1320 [ceph]
do_writepages+0x1f/0x70
__writeback_single_inode+0x45/0x330
writeback_sb_inodes+0x26a/0x600
__writeback_inodes_wb+0x92/0xc0
wb_writeback+0x274/0x330
wb_workfn+0x2d5/0x3b0
Defer __complete_request() to a workqueue in all failure cases so it's
never on the same thread as ceph_osdc_start_request() and always called
with no locks held.
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/23978
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Move req->r_completion wake up and req->r_kref decrement into
__complete_request().
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
All gotos to "more" are conditioned on con->state == OPEN, but the only
thing "more" does is opening the socket if con->state == PREOPEN. Kill
that label and rename "more_kvec" to "more".
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Dillaman <dillaman@redhat.com>
... and store num_bvecs for client code's convenience.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
ceph_con_workfn() validates con->state before calling try_read() and
then try_write(). However, try_read() temporarily releases con->mutex,
notably in process_message() and ceph_con_in_msg_alloc(), opening the
window for ceph_con_close() to sneak in, close the connection and
release con->sock. When try_write() is called on the assumption that
con->state is still valid (i.e. not STANDBY or CLOSED), a NULL sock
gets passed to the networking stack:
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000020
IP: selinux_socket_sendmsg+0x5/0x20
Make sure con->state is valid at the top of try_write() and add an
explicit BUG_ON for this, similar to try_read().
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/23706
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Dillaman <dillaman@redhat.com>
If we go without an established session for a while, backoff delay will
climb to 30 seconds. The keepalive timeout is also 30 seconds, so it's
pretty easily hit after a prolonged hunting for a monitor: we don't get
a chance to send out a keepalive in time, which means we never get back
a keepalive ack in time, cutting an established session and attempting
to connect to a different monitor every 30 seconds:
[Sun Apr 1 23:37:05 2018] libceph: mon0 10.80.20.99:6789 session established
[Sun Apr 1 23:37:36 2018] libceph: mon0 10.80.20.99:6789 session lost, hunting for new mon
[Sun Apr 1 23:37:36 2018] libceph: mon2 10.80.20.103:6789 session established
[Sun Apr 1 23:38:07 2018] libceph: mon2 10.80.20.103:6789 session lost, hunting for new mon
[Sun Apr 1 23:38:07 2018] libceph: mon1 10.80.20.100:6789 session established
[Sun Apr 1 23:38:37 2018] libceph: mon1 10.80.20.100:6789 session lost, hunting for new mon
[Sun Apr 1 23:38:37 2018] libceph: mon2 10.80.20.103:6789 session established
[Sun Apr 1 23:39:08 2018] libceph: mon2 10.80.20.103:6789 session lost, hunting for new mon
The regular keepalive interval is 10 seconds. After ->hunting is
cleared in finish_hunting(), call __schedule_delayed() to ensure we
send out a keepalive after 10 seconds.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.7+
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/23537
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Dillaman <dillaman@redhat.com>
This means that if we do some backoff, then authenticate, and are
healthy for an extended period of time, a subsequent failure won't
leave us starting our hunting sequence with a large backoff.
Mirrors ceph.git commit d466bc6e66abba9b464b0b69687cf45c9dccf383.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.7+
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Dillaman <dillaman@redhat.com>
- support for rbd "fancy" striping (myself). The striping feature bit
is now fully implemented, allowing mapping v2 images with non-default
striping patterns. This completes support for --image-format 2.
- CephFS quota support (Luis Henriques and Zheng Yan). This set is
based on the new SnapRealm code in the upcoming v13.y.z ("Mimic")
release. Quota handling will be rejected on older filesystems.
- memory usage improvements in CephFS (Chengguang Xu). Directory
specific bits have been split out of ceph_file_info and some effort
went into improving cap reservation code to avoid OOM crashes.
Also included a bunch of assorted fixes all over the place from
Chengguang and others.
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Merge tag 'ceph-for-4.17-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client
Pull ceph updates from Ilya Dryomov:
"The big ticket items are:
- support for rbd "fancy" striping (myself).
The striping feature bit is now fully implemented, allowing mapping
v2 images with non-default striping patterns. This completes
support for --image-format 2.
- CephFS quota support (Luis Henriques and Zheng Yan).
This set is based on the new SnapRealm code in the upcoming v13.y.z
("Mimic") release. Quota handling will be rejected on older
filesystems.
- memory usage improvements in CephFS (Chengguang Xu).
Directory specific bits have been split out of ceph_file_info and
some effort went into improving cap reservation code to avoid OOM
crashes.
Also included a bunch of assorted fixes all over the place from
Chengguang and others"
* tag 'ceph-for-4.17-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client: (67 commits)
ceph: quota: report root dir quota usage in statfs
ceph: quota: add counter for snaprealms with quota
ceph: quota: cache inode pointer in ceph_snap_realm
ceph: fix root quota realm check
ceph: don't check quota for snap inode
ceph: quota: update MDS when max_bytes is approaching
ceph: quota: support for ceph.quota.max_bytes
ceph: quota: don't allow cross-quota renames
ceph: quota: support for ceph.quota.max_files
ceph: quota: add initial infrastructure to support cephfs quotas
rbd: remove VLA usage
rbd: fix spelling mistake: "reregisteration" -> "reregistration"
ceph: rename function drop_leases() to a more descriptive name
ceph: fix invalid point dereference for error case in mdsc destroy
ceph: return proper bool type to caller instead of pointer
ceph: optimize memory usage
ceph: optimize mds session register
libceph, ceph: add __init attribution to init funcitons
ceph: filter out used flags when printing unused open flags
ceph: don't wait on writeback when there is no more dirty pages
...
This patch adds the infrastructure required to support cephfs quotas as it
is currently implemented in the ceph fuse client. Cephfs quotas can be
set on any directory, and can restrict the number of bytes or the number
of files stored beneath that point in the directory hierarchy.
Quotas are set using the extended attributes 'ceph.quota.max_files' and
'ceph.quota.max_bytes', and can be removed by setting these attributes to
'0'.
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/22372
Signed-off-by: Luis Henriques <lhenriques@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Add __init attribution to the functions which are called only once
during initiating/registering operations and deleting unnecessary
symbol exports.
Signed-off-by: Chengguang Xu <cgxu519@gmx.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Some of message types are missing in ceph_msg_type_name(),
so just adding them for better understanding of output information.
Signed-off-by: Chengguang Xu <cgxu519@icloud.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
num_mon should allow up to CEPH_MAX_MON in ceph_monmap_decode().
Signed-off-by: Chengguang Xu <cgxu519@icloud.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Some of dout format do not include newline in the end,
fix for the files which are in fs/ceph and net/ceph directories,
and changing printk to dout for printing debug info in super.c
Signed-off-by: Chengguang Xu <cgxu519@icloud.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
rbd needs this for null copyups -- if copyup data is all zeroes, we
want to save some I/O and network bandwidth. See rbd_obj_issue_copyup()
in the next commit.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
In preparation for rbd "fancy" striping, introduce ceph_bvec_iter for
working with bio_vec array data buffers. The wrappers are trivial, but
make it look similar to ceph_bio_iter.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
The reason we clone bios is to be able to give each object request
(and consequently each ceph_osd_data/ceph_msg_data item) its own
pointer to a (list of) bio(s). The messenger then initializes its
cursor with cloned bio's ->bi_iter, so it knows where to start reading
from/writing to. That's all the cloned bios are used for: to determine
each object request's starting position in the provided data buffer.
Introduce ceph_bio_iter to do exactly that -- store position within bio
list (i.e. pointer to bio) + position within that bio (i.e. bvec_iter).
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
- make it void
- xlen (object extent length) out parameter should be u32 because only
a single stripe unit is mapped at a time
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
bl, stripeno and objsetno should be u64 -- otherwise large enough files
get corrupted. How large depends on file layout:
- 4M-objects layout (default): any file over 16P
- 64K-objects layout (smallest possible object size): any file over 512T
Only CephFS is affected, rbd doesn't use ceph_calc_file_object_mapping()
yet. Fortunately, CephFS has a max_file_size configurable, the default
for which is way below both of the above numbers.
Reimplement the logic from scratch with no layout validation -- it's
done on the MDS side.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
Prefer the direct use of octal for permissions.
Done with checkpatch -f --types=SYMBOLIC_PERMS --fix-inplace
and some typing.
Miscellanea:
o Whitespace neatening around these conversions.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
When parsing string option, in order to avoid memory leak we need to
carefully free it first in case of specifying same option several times.
Signed-off-by: Chengguang Xu <cgxu519@icloud.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Should check result of kstrndup() in case of memory allocation failure.
Signed-off-by: Chengguang Xu <cgxu519@icloud.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
state handling code cleanup from myself and some assorted CephFS fixes
from Jeff.
rbd now defaults to single-major=Y, lifting the limit of ~240 rbd
images per host for everyone.
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Merge tag 'ceph-for-4.15-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client
Pull ceph updates from Ilya Dryomov:
"We have a set of file locking improvements from Zheng, rbd rw/ro state
handling code cleanup from myself and some assorted CephFS fixes from
Jeff.
rbd now defaults to single-major=Y, lifting the limit of ~240 rbd
images per host for everyone"
* tag 'ceph-for-4.15-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client:
rbd: default to single-major device number scheme
libceph: don't WARN() if user tries to add invalid key
rbd: set discard_alignment to zero
ceph: silence sparse endianness warning in encode_caps_cb
ceph: remove the bump of i_version
ceph: present consistent fsid, regardless of arch endianness
ceph: clean up spinlocking and list handling around cleanup_cap_releases()
rbd: get rid of rbd_mapping::read_only
rbd: fix and simplify rbd_ioctl_set_ro()
ceph: remove unused and redundant variable dropping
ceph: mark expected switch fall-throughs
ceph: -EINVAL on decoding failure in ceph_mdsc_handle_fsmap()
ceph: disable cached readdir after dropping positive dentry
ceph: fix bool initialization/comparison
ceph: handle 'session get evicted while there are file locks'
ceph: optimize flock encoding during reconnect
ceph: make lock_to_ceph_filelock() static
ceph: keep auth cap when inode has flocks or posix locks
Pull get_user_pages_fast() conversion from Al Viro:
"A bunch of places switched to get_user_pages_fast()"
* 'work.get_user_pages_fast' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
ceph: use get_user_pages_fast()
pvr2fs: use get_user_pages_fast()
atomisp: use get_user_pages_fast()
st: use get_user_pages_fast()
via_dmablit(): use get_user_pages_fast()
fsl_hypervisor: switch to get_user_pages_fast()
rapidio: switch to get_user_pages_fast()
vchiq_2835_arm: switch to get_user_pages_fast()
The WARN_ON(!key->len) in set_secret() in net/ceph/crypto.c is hit if a
user tries to add a key of type "ceph" with an invalid payload as
follows (assuming CONFIG_CEPH_LIB=y):
echo -e -n '\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00' \
| keyctl padd ceph desc @s
This can be hit by fuzzers. As this is merely bad input and not a
kernel bug, replace the WARN_ON() with return -EINVAL.
Fixes: 7af3ea189a ("libceph: stop allocating a new cipher on every crypto request")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.10+
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
In preparation to enabling -Wimplicit-fallthrough, mark switch cases
where we are expecting to fall through.
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <garsilva@embeddedor.com>
[idryomov@gmail.com: amended "Older OSDs" comment]
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
This reverts most of commit f53b7665c8 ("libceph: upmap semantic
changes").
We need to prevent duplicates in the final result. For example, we
can currently take
[1,2,3] and apply [(1,2)] and get [2,2,3]
or
[1,2,3] and apply [(3,2)] and get [1,2,2]
The rest of the system is not prepared to handle duplicates in the
result set like this.
The reverted piece was intended to allow
[1,2,3] and [(1,2),(2,1)] to get [2,1,3]
to reorder primaries. First, this bidirectional swap is hard to
implement in a way that also prevents dups. For example, [1,2,3] and
[(1,4),(2,3),(3,4)] would give [4,3,4] but would we just drop the last
step we'd have [4,3,3] which is also invalid, etc. Simpler to just not
handle bidirectional swaps. In practice, they are not needed: if you
just want to choose a different primary then use primary_affinity, or
pg_upmap (not pg_upmap_items).
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.13
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/21410
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Improve accuracy of statfs reporting for Ceph filesystems comprising
exactly one data pool. In this case, the Ceph monitor can now report
the space usage for the single data pool instead of the global data
for the entire Ceph cluster. Include support for this message in
mon_client and leverage it in ceph/super.
Signed-off-by: Douglas Fuller <dfuller@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
startsync is a no-op, has been for years. Remove it.
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/20604
Signed-off-by: Yanhu Cao <gmayyyha@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
This is needed so that the OSDs can regenerate the missing set at the
start of a new interval where support for recovery deletes changed.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
- apply both pg_upmap and pg_upmap_items
- allow bidirectional swap of pg-upmap-items
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
There is now a fallback to a choose_arg index of -1 if there isn't
a pool-specific choose_arg set. If you create a per-pool weight-set,
that works for that pool. Otherwise we try the compat/default one. If
that doesn't exist either, then we use the normal CRUSH weights.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Reencoding an already reencoded message is a bad idea. This could
happen on Policy::stateful_server connections (!CEPH_MSG_CONNECT_LOSSY),
such as MDS sessions.
This didn't pop up in testing because currently only OSD requests are
reencoded and OSD sessions are always lossy.
Fixes: 98ad5ebd15 ("libceph: ceph_connection_operations::reencode_message() method")
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Messages allocated out of ceph_msgpool have a fixed front length
(pool->front_len). Asserting that the entire front has been filled
while encoding is thus wrong.
Fixes: 8cb441c054 ("libceph: MOSDOp v8 encoding (actual spgid + full hash)")
Reported-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
If kmem_cache_zalloc() returns NULL then the INIT_LIST_HEAD(&data->links);
will Oops. The callers aren't really prepared for NULL returns so it
doesn't make a lot of difference in real life.
Fixes: 5240d9f95d ("libceph: replace message data pointer with list")
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
... otherwise we die in insert_pg_mapping(), which wants pg->node to be
empty, i.e. initialized with RB_CLEAR_NODE.
Fixes: 6f428df47d ("libceph: pg_upmap[_items] infrastructure")
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
No sooner than Dan had fixed this issue in commit 293dffaad8
("libceph: NULL deref on crush_decode() error path"), I brought it
back. Add a new label and set -EINVAL once, right before failing.
Fixes: 278b1d709c ("libceph: ceph_decode_skip_* helpers")
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
There are hidden gotos in the ceph_decode_* macros. We need to set the
"err" variable on these error paths otherwise we end up returning
ERR_PTR(0) which is NULL. It causes NULL dereferences in the callers.
Fixes: 6f428df47d ("libceph: pg_upmap[_items] infrastructure")
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
[idryomov@gmail.com: similar bug in osdmap_decode(), changelog tweak]
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
callers can more safely get random bytes if they can block until the
CRNG is initialized.
Also print a warning if get_random_*() is called before the CRNG is
initialized. By default, only one single-line warning will be printed
per boot. If CONFIG_WARN_ALL_UNSEEDED_RANDOM is defined, then a
warning will be printed for each function which tries to get random
bytes before the CRNG is initialized. This can get spammy for certain
architecture types, so it is not enabled by default.
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Merge tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random
Pull random updates from Ted Ts'o:
"Add wait_for_random_bytes() and get_random_*_wait() functions so that
callers can more safely get random bytes if they can block until the
CRNG is initialized.
Also print a warning if get_random_*() is called before the CRNG is
initialized. By default, only one single-line warning will be printed
per boot. If CONFIG_WARN_ALL_UNSEEDED_RANDOM is defined, then a
warning will be printed for each function which tries to get random
bytes before the CRNG is initialized. This can get spammy for certain
architecture types, so it is not enabled by default"
* tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random:
random: reorder READ_ONCE() in get_random_uXX
random: suppress spammy warnings about unseeded randomness
random: warn when kernel uses unseeded randomness
net/route: use get_random_int for random counter
net/neighbor: use get_random_u32 for 32-bit hash random
rhashtable: use get_random_u32 for hash_rnd
ceph: ensure RNG is seeded before using
iscsi: ensure RNG is seeded before use
cifs: use get_random_u32 for 32-bit lock random
random: add get_random_{bytes,u32,u64,int,long,once}_wait family
random: add wait_for_random_bytes() API
It is not just a pointer to crush_work, it is the whole structure.
That is not a problem since it only contains a pointer. But it will
be a problem if new data members are added to crush_work.
Reflects ceph.git commit ee957dd431bfbeb6dadaf77764db8e0757417328.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
If there is no crush_choose_arg_map for a given pool, a NULL pointer is
passed to preserve existing crush_do_rule() behavior.
Reflects ceph.git commits 55fb91d64071552ea1bc65ab4ea84d3c8b73ab4b,
dbe36e08be00c6519a8c89718dd47b0219c20516.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
bucket_straw2_choose needs to use weights that may be different from
weight_items. For instance to compensate for an uneven distribution
caused by a low number of values. Or to fix the probability biais
introduced by conditional probabilities (see
http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/15653 for more information).
We introduce a weight_set for each straw2 bucket to set the desired
weight for a given item at a given position. The weight of a given item
when picking the first replica (first position) may be different from
the weight the second replica (second position). For instance the weight
matrix for a given bucket containing items 3, 7 and 13 could be as
follows:
position 0 position 1
item 3 0x10000 0x100000
item 7 0x40000 0x10000
item 13 0x40000 0x10000
When crush_do_rule picks the first of two replicas (position 0), item 7,
3 are four times more likely to be choosen by bucket_straw2_choose than
item 13. When choosing the second replica (position 1), item 3 is ten
times more likely to be choosen than item 7, 13.
By default the weight_set of each bucket exactly matches the content of
item_weights for each position to ensure backward compatibility.
bucket_straw2_choose compares items by using their id. The same ids are
also used to index buckets and they must be unique. For each item in a
bucket an array of ids can be provided for placement purposes and they
are used instead of the ids. If no replacement ids are provided, the
legacy behavior is preserved.
Reflects ceph.git commit 19537a450fd5c5a0bb8b7830947507a76db2ceca.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Previously, pg_to_raw_osds() didn't filter for existent OSDs because
raw_to_up_osds() would filter for "up" ("up" is predicated on "exists")
and raw_to_up_osds() was called directly after pg_to_raw_osds(). Now,
with apply_upmap() call in there, nonexistent OSDs in pg_to_raw_osds()
output can affect apply_upmap(). Introduce remove_nonexistent_osds()
to deal with that.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Move raw_pg_to_pg() call out of get_temp_osds() and into
ceph_pg_to_up_acting_osds(), for upcoming apply_upmap().
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
pg_temp and pg_upmap encodings are the same (PG -> array of osds),
except for the incremental remove: it's an empty mapping in new_pg_temp
for pg_temp and a separate old_pg_upmap set for pg_upmap. (This isn't
to allow for empty pg_upmap mappings -- apparently, pg_temp just wasn't
looked at as an example for pg_upmap encoding.)
Reuse __decode_pg_temp() for decoding pg_upmap and new_pg_upmap.
__decode_pg_temp() stores into pg_temp union member, but since pg_upmap
union member is identical, reading through pg_upmap later is OK.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Some of these won't be as efficient as they could be (e.g.
ceph_decode_skip_set(... 32 ...) could advance by len * sizeof(u32)
once instead of advancing by sizeof(u32) len times), but that's fine
and not worth a bunch of extra macro code.
Replace skip_name_map() with ceph_decode_skip_map as an example.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Make __{lookup,remove}_pg_mapping() look like their ceph_spg_mapping
counterparts: take const struct ceph_pg *.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
For luminous and beyond we are encoding the actual spgid, which
requires operating with the correct pg_num, i.e. that of the target
pool.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
need_check_tiering logic doesn't make a whole lot of sense. Drop it
and apply tiering unconditionally on every calc_target() call instead.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Otherwise we may miss events like PG splits, pool deletions, etc when
we get multiple incremental maps at once. Because check_pool_dne() can
now be fed an unlinked request, finish_request() needed to be taught to
handle unlinked requests.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
When processing a map update consisting of multiple incrementals, we
may end up running check_linger_pool_dne() on a lingering request that
was previously added to need_resend_linger list. If it is concluded
that the target pool doesn't exist, the request is killed off while
still on need_resend_linger list, which leads to a crash on a NULL
lreq->osd in kick_requests():
libceph: linger_id 18446462598732840961 pool does not exist
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000010
IP: ceph_osdc_handle_map+0x4ae/0x870
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Replace it with more fine-grained bools to separate updating
ceph_osd_request_target fields and the decision to resend.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Give upper layers a chance to reencode the message after the connection
is negotiated and ->peer_features is set. OSD client will use this to
support both luminous and pre-luminous OSDs (in a single cluster): the
former need MOSDOp v8; the latter will continue to be sent MOSDOp v4.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
The old (v15) pi->last_force_request_resend has been repurposed to
make pre-RESEND_ON_SPLIT clients that don't check for PG splits but do
obey pi->last_force_request_resend resend on splits. See ceph.git
commit 189ca7ec6420 ("mon/OSDMonitor: make pre-luminous clients resend
ops on split").
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Ceph uses the RNG for various nonce generations, and it shouldn't accept
using bad randomness. So, we wait for the RNG to be properly seeded. We
do this by calling wait_for_random_bytes() in a function that is
certainly called in process context, early on, so that all subsequent
calls to get_random_bytes are necessarily acceptable.
Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Cc: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
when reopen a connection, use 'reconnect seq' to clean up
messages that have already been received by peer.
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/18690
Signed-off-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
If there is not enough space then ceph_decode_32_safe() does a goto bad.
We need to return an error code in that situation. The current code
returns ERR_PTR(0) which is NULL. The callers are not expecting that
and it results in a NULL dereference.
Fixes: f24e9980eb ("ceph: OSD client")
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
None of these are validated in userspace, but since we do validate
reply_struct_v in ceph_x_proc_ticket_reply(), tkt_struct_v (first) and
CephXServiceTicket struct_v (second) in process_one_ticket(), validate
CephXTicketBlob struct_v as well.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
It's set but not used: CEPH_FEATURE_MONNAMES feature bit isn't
advertised, which guarantees a v1 MonMap.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@linaro.org>
lock transfers from myself and the long awaited -ENOSPC handling series
from Jeff. The former will allow rbd users to take advantage of
exclusive lock's built-in blacklist/break-lock functionality while
staying in control of who owns the lock. With the latter in place, we
will abort filesystem writes on -ENOSPC instead of having them block
indefinitely.
Beyond that we've got the usual pile of filesystem fixes from Zheng,
some refcount_t conversion patches from Elena and a patch for an
ancient open() flags handling bug from Alexander.
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Merge tag 'ceph-for-4.12-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client
Pull ceph updates from Ilya Dryomov:
"The two main items are support for disabling automatic rbd exclusive
lock transfers from myself and the long awaited -ENOSPC handling
series from Jeff.
The former will allow rbd users to take advantage of exclusive lock's
built-in blacklist/break-lock functionality while staying in control
of who owns the lock. With the latter in place, we will abort
filesystem writes on -ENOSPC instead of having them block
indefinitely.
Beyond that we've got the usual pile of filesystem fixes from Zheng,
some refcount_t conversion patches from Elena and a patch for an
ancient open() flags handling bug from Alexander"
* tag 'ceph-for-4.12-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client: (31 commits)
ceph: fix memory leak in __ceph_setxattr()
ceph: fix file open flags on ppc64
ceph: choose readdir frag based on previous readdir reply
rbd: exclusive map option
rbd: return ResponseMessage result from rbd_handle_request_lock()
rbd: kill rbd_is_lock_supported()
rbd: support updating the lock cookie without releasing the lock
rbd: store lock cookie
rbd: ignore unlock errors
rbd: fix error handling around rbd_init_disk()
rbd: move rbd_unregister_watch() call into rbd_dev_image_release()
rbd: move rbd_dev_destroy() call out of rbd_dev_image_release()
ceph: when seeing write errors on an inode, switch to sync writes
Revert "ceph: SetPageError() for writeback pages if writepages fails"
ceph: handle epoch barriers in cap messages
libceph: add an epoch_barrier field to struct ceph_osd_client
libceph: abort already submitted but abortable requests when map or pool goes full
libceph: allow requests to return immediately on full conditions if caller wishes
libceph: remove req->r_replay_version
ceph: make seeky readdir more efficient
...
CURRENT_TIME is not y2038 safe. The macro will be deleted and all the
references to it will be replaced by ktime_get_* apis.
struct timespec is also not y2038 safe. Retain timespec for timestamp
representation here as ceph uses it internally everywhere. These
references will be changed to use struct timespec64 in a separate patch.
The current_fs_time() api is being changed to use vfs struct inode* as
an argument instead of struct super_block*.
Set the new mds client request r_stamp field using ktime_get_real_ts()
instead of using current_fs_time().
Also, since r_stamp is used as mtime on the server, use timespec_trunc()
to truncate the timestamp, using the right granularity from the
superblock.
This api will be transitioned to be y2038 safe along with vfs.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1491613030-11599-5-git-send-email-deepa.kernel@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
M: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
M: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
M: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
__vmalloc* allows users to provide gfp flags for the underlying
allocation. This API is quite popular
$ git grep "=[[:space:]]__vmalloc\|return[[:space:]]*__vmalloc" | wc -l
77
The only problem is that many people are not aware that they really want
to give __GFP_HIGHMEM along with other flags because there is really no
reason to consume precious lowmemory on CONFIG_HIGHMEM systems for pages
which are mapped to the kernel vmalloc space. About half of users don't
use this flag, though. This signals that we make the API unnecessarily
too complex.
This patch simply uses __GFP_HIGHMEM implicitly when allocating pages to
be mapped to the vmalloc space. Current users which add __GFP_HIGHMEM
are simplified and drop the flag.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170307141020.29107-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Cristopher Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As we no longer release the lock before potentially raising BLACKLISTED
in rbd_reregister_watch(), the "either locked or blacklisted" assert in
rbd_queue_workfn() needs to go: we can be both locked and blacklisted
at that point now.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Dillaman <dillaman@redhat.com>
Cephfs can get cap update requests that contain a new epoch barrier in
them. When that happens we want to pause all OSD traffic until the right
map epoch arrives.
Add an epoch_barrier field to ceph_osd_client that is protected by the
osdc->lock rwsem. When the barrier is set, and the current OSD map
epoch is below that, pause the request target when submitting the
request or when revisiting it. Add a way for upper layers (cephfs)
to update the epoch_barrier as well.
If we get a new map, compare the new epoch against the barrier before
kicking requests and request another map if the map epoch is still lower
than the one we want.
If we get a map with a full pool, or at quota condition, then set the
barrier to the current epoch value.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
When a Ceph volume hits capacity, a flag is set in the OSD map to
indicate that, and a new map is sprayed around the cluster. With cephfs
we want it to shut down any abortable requests that are in progress with
an -ENOSPC error as they'd just hang otherwise.
Add a new ceph_osdc_abort_on_full helper function to handle this. It
will first check whether there is an out-of-space condition in the
cluster and then walk the tree and abort any request that has
r_abort_on_full set with a -ENOSPC error. Call this new function
directly whenever we get a new OSD map.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Usually, when the osd map is flagged as full or the pool is at quota,
write requests just hang. This is not what we want for cephfs, where
it would be better to simply report -ENOSPC back to userland instead
of stalling.
If the caller knows that it will want an immediate error return instead
of blocking on a full or at-quota error condition then allow it to set a
flag to request that behavior.
Set that flag in ceph_osdc_new_request (since ceph.ko is the only caller),
and on any other write request from ceph.ko.
A later patch will deal with requests that were submitted before the new
map showing the full condition came in.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Nothing uses this anymore with the removal of the ack vs. commit code.
Remove the field and just encode zeroes into place in the request
encoding.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
refcount_t type and corresponding API should be
used instead of atomic_t when the variable is used as
a reference counter. This allows to avoid accidental
refcounter overflows that might lead to use-after-free
situations.
Signed-off-by: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Liljestrand <ishkamiel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: David Windsor <dwindsor@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
refcount_t type and corresponding API should be
used instead of atomic_t when the variable is used as
a reference counter. This allows to avoid accidental
refcounter overflows that might lead to use-after-free
situations.
Signed-off-by: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Liljestrand <ishkamiel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: David Windsor <dwindsor@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
refcount_t type and corresponding API should be
used instead of atomic_t when the variable is used as
a reference counter. This allows to avoid accidental
refcounter overflows that might lead to use-after-free
situations.
Signed-off-by: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Liljestrand <ishkamiel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: David Windsor <dwindsor@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Add a readonly, exported to sysfs module parameter so that userspace
can generate meaningful error messages. It's a bit funky, but there is
no other libceph-specific place.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
No reason to hide CephFS-specific features in the rbd case. Recent
feature bits mix RADOS and CephFS-specific stuff together anyway.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
osd_request_timeout specifies how many seconds to wait for a response
from OSDs before returning -ETIMEDOUT from an OSD request. 0 (default)
means no limit.
osd_request_timeout is osdkeepalive-precise -- in-flight requests are
swept through every osdkeepalive seconds. With ack vs commit behaviour
gone, abort_request() is really simple.
This is based on a patch from Artur Molchanov <artur.molchanov@synesis.ru>.
Tested-by: Artur Molchanov <artur.molchanov@synesis.ru>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Since ceph.git commit 4e28f9e63644 ("osd/OSDMap: clear osd_info,
osd_xinfo on osd deletion"), weight is set to IN when OSD is deleted.
This changes the result of applying an incremental for clients, not
just OSDs. Because CRUSH computations are obviously affected,
pre-4e28f9e63644 servers disagree with post-4e28f9e63644 clients on
object placement, resulting in misdirected requests.
Mirrors ceph.git commit a6009d1039a55e2c77f431662b3d6cc5a8e8e63f.
Fixes: 930c532869 ("libceph: apply new_state before new_up_client on incrementals")
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/19122
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Older (shorter) CRUSH maps too need to be finalized.
Fixes: 66a0e2d579 ("crush: remove mutable part of CRUSH map")
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Pull sched.h split-up from Ingo Molnar:
"The point of these changes is to significantly reduce the
<linux/sched.h> header footprint, to speed up the kernel build and to
have a cleaner header structure.
After these changes the new <linux/sched.h>'s typical preprocessed
size goes down from a previous ~0.68 MB (~22K lines) to ~0.45 MB (~15K
lines), which is around 40% faster to build on typical configs.
Not much changed from the last version (-v2) posted three weeks ago: I
eliminated quirks, backmerged fixes plus I rebased it to an upstream
SHA1 from yesterday that includes most changes queued up in -next plus
all sched.h changes that were pending from Andrew.
I've re-tested the series both on x86 and on cross-arch defconfigs,
and did a bisectability test at a number of random points.
I tried to test as many build configurations as possible, but some
build breakage is probably still left - but it should be mostly
limited to architectures that have no cross-compiler binaries
available on kernel.org, and non-default configurations"
* 'WIP.sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (146 commits)
sched/headers: Clean up <linux/sched.h>
sched/headers: Remove #ifdefs from <linux/sched.h>
sched/headers: Remove the <linux/topology.h> include from <linux/sched.h>
sched/headers, hrtimer: Remove the <linux/wait.h> include from <linux/hrtimer.h>
sched/headers, x86/apic: Remove the <linux/pm.h> header inclusion from <asm/apic.h>
sched/headers, timers: Remove the <linux/sysctl.h> include from <linux/timer.h>
sched/headers: Remove <linux/magic.h> from <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
sched/headers: Remove <linux/sched.h> from <linux/sched/init.h>
sched/core: Remove unused prefetch_stack()
sched/headers: Remove <linux/rculist.h> from <linux/sched.h>
sched/headers: Remove the 'init_pid_ns' prototype from <linux/sched.h>
sched/headers: Remove <linux/signal.h> from <linux/sched.h>
sched/headers: Remove <linux/rwsem.h> from <linux/sched.h>
sched/headers: Remove the runqueue_is_locked() prototype
sched/headers: Remove <linux/sched.h> from <linux/sched/hotplug.h>
sched/headers: Remove <linux/sched.h> from <linux/sched/debug.h>
sched/headers: Remove <linux/sched.h> from <linux/sched/nohz.h>
sched/headers: Remove <linux/sched.h> from <linux/sched/stat.h>
sched/headers: Remove the <linux/gfp.h> include from <linux/sched.h>
sched/headers: Remove <linux/rtmutex.h> from <linux/sched.h>
...
Pull vfs sendmsg updates from Al Viro:
"More sendmsg work.
This is a fairly separate isolated stuff (there's a continuation
around lustre, but that one was too late to soak in -next), thus the
separate pull request"
* 'work.sendmsg' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
ncpfs: switch to sock_sendmsg()
ncpfs: don't mess with manually advancing iovec on send
ncpfs: sendmsg does *not* bugger iovec these days
ceph_tcp_sendpage(): use ITER_BVEC sendmsg
afs_send_pages(): use ITER_BVEC
rds: remove dead code
ceph: switch to sock_recvmsg()
usbip_recv(): switch to sock_recvmsg()
iscsi_target: deal with short writes on the tx side
[nbd] pass iov_iter to nbd_xmit()
[nbd] switch sock_xmit() to sock_{send,recv}msg()
[drbd] use sock_sendmsg()
Update the .c files that depend on these APIs.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
- support for rbd data-pool feature, which enables rbd images on
erasure-coded pools (myself). CEPH_PG_MAX_SIZE has been bumped to
allow erasure-coded profiles with k+m up to 32.
- a patch for ceph_d_revalidate() performance regression introduced in
4.9, along with some cleanups in the area (Jeff Layton)
- a set of fixes for unsafe ->d_parent accesses in CephFS (Jeff Layton)
- buffered reads are now processed in rsize windows instead of rasize
windows (Andreas Gerstmayr). The new default for rsize mount option
is 64M.
- ack vs commit distinction is gone, greatly simplifying ->fsync() and
MOSDOpReply handling code (myself)
Also a few filesystem bug fixes from Zheng, a CRUSH sync up (CRUSH
computations are still serialized though) and several minor fixes and
cleanups all over.
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Merge tag 'ceph-for-4.11-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client
Pull ceph updates from Ilya Dryomov:
"This time around we have:
- support for rbd data-pool feature, which enables rbd images on
erasure-coded pools (myself). CEPH_PG_MAX_SIZE has been bumped to
allow erasure-coded profiles with k+m up to 32.
- a patch for ceph_d_revalidate() performance regression introduced
in 4.9, along with some cleanups in the area (Jeff Layton)
- a set of fixes for unsafe ->d_parent accesses in CephFS (Jeff
Layton)
- buffered reads are now processed in rsize windows instead of rasize
windows (Andreas Gerstmayr). The new default for rsize mount option
is 64M.
- ack vs commit distinction is gone, greatly simplifying ->fsync()
and MOSDOpReply handling code (myself)
... also a few filesystem bug fixes from Zheng, a CRUSH sync up (CRUSH
computations are still serialized though) and several minor fixes and
cleanups all over"
* tag 'ceph-for-4.11-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client: (52 commits)
libceph, rbd, ceph: WRITE | ONDISK -> WRITE
libceph: get rid of ack vs commit
ceph: remove special ack vs commit behavior
ceph: tidy some white space in get_nonsnap_parent()
crush: fix dprintk compilation
crush: do is_out test only if we do not collide
ceph: remove req from unsafe list when unregistering it
rbd: constify device_type structure
rbd: kill obj_request->object_name and rbd_segment_name_cache
rbd: store and use obj_request->object_no
rbd: RBD_V{1,2}_DATA_FORMAT macros
rbd: factor out __rbd_osd_req_create()
rbd: set offset and length outside of rbd_obj_request_create()
rbd: support for data-pool feature
rbd: introduce rbd_init_layout()
rbd: use rbd_obj_bytes() more
rbd: remove now unused rbd_obj_request_wait() and helpers
rbd: switch rbd_obj_method_sync() to ceph_osdc_call()
libceph: pass reply buffer length through ceph_osdc_call()
rbd: do away with obj_request in rbd_obj_read_sync()
...
CEPH_OSD_FLAG_ONDISK is set in account_request().
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
- CEPH_OSD_FLAG_ACK shouldn't be set anymore, so assert on it
- remove support for handling ack replies (OSDs will send ack replies
only if clients request them)
- drop the "do lingering callbacks under osd->lock" logic from
handle_reply() -- lreq->lock is sufficient in all three cases
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
The syntax error was not noticed because dprintk is a macro
and the code is discarded by default.
Reflects ceph.git commit f29b840c64a933b2cb13e3da6f3d785effd73a57.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
The is_out() test may require an additional hashing operation, so we
should skip it whenever possible.
Reflects ceph.git commit db107cc7f15cf2481894add325dc93e33479f529.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Pull locking updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle were:
- Implement wraparound-safe refcount_t and kref_t types based on
generic atomic primitives (Peter Zijlstra)
- Improve and fix the ww_mutex code (Nicolai Hähnle)
- Add self-tests to the ww_mutex code (Chris Wilson)
- Optimize percpu-rwsems with the 'rcuwait' mechanism (Davidlohr
Bueso)
- Micro-optimize the current-task logic all around the core kernel
(Davidlohr Bueso)
- Tidy up after recent optimizations: remove stale code and APIs,
clean up the code (Waiman Long)
- ... plus misc fixes, updates and cleanups"
* 'locking-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (50 commits)
fork: Fix task_struct alignment
locking/spinlock/debug: Remove spinlock lockup detection code
lockdep: Fix incorrect condition to print bug msgs for MAX_LOCKDEP_CHAIN_HLOCKS
lkdtm: Convert to refcount_t testing
kref: Implement 'struct kref' using refcount_t
refcount_t: Introduce a special purpose refcount type
sched/wake_q: Clarify queue reinit comment
sched/wait, rcuwait: Fix typo in comment
locking/mutex: Fix lockdep_assert_held() fail
locking/rtmutex: Flip unlikely() branch to likely() in __rt_mutex_slowlock()
locking/rwsem: Reinit wake_q after use
locking/rwsem: Remove unnecessary atomic_long_t casts
jump_labels: Move header guard #endif down where it belongs
locking/atomic, kref: Implement kref_put_lock()
locking/ww_mutex: Turn off __must_check for now
locking/atomic, kref: Avoid more abuse
locking/atomic, kref: Use kref_get_unless_zero() more
locking/atomic, kref: Kill kref_sub()
locking/atomic, kref: Add kref_read()
locking/atomic, kref: Add KREF_INIT()
...
To spare checking for "this reply fits into a page, but does it fit
into my buffer?" in some callers, osd_req_op_cls_response_data_pages()
needs to know how big it is.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Dillaman <dillaman@redhat.com>
With EC overwrites maturing, the kernel client will be getting exposed
to potentially very wide EC pools. While "min(pi->size, X)" works fine
when the cluster is stable and happy, truncating OSD sets interferes
with resend logic (ceph_is_new_interval(), etc). Abort the mapping if
the pool is too wide, assigning the request to the homeless session.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Much like Arlo Guthrie, I decided that one big pile is better than two
little piles.
Reflects ceph.git commit 95c2df6c7e0b22d2ea9d91db500cf8b9441c73ba.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Then add it to the working state. It would be very nice if we didn't
have to take a lock to calculate a crush placement. By moving the
permutation array into the working data, we can treat the CRUSH map as
immutable.
Reflects ceph.git commit cbcd039651c0569551cb90d26ce27e1432671f2a.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
This was causing a build failure for openrisc when using musl and
gcc 5.4.0 since the file is not available in the toolchain.
It doesnt seem this is needed and removing it does not cause any build
warnings for me.
Signed-off-by: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
add_to_page_cache_lru() can fails, so the actual pages to read
can be smaller than the initial size of osd request. We need to
update osd request size in that case.
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Currently crypto.c gets linux/sched.h indirectly through linux/slab.h
from linux/kasan.h. Include it directly for memalloc_noio_*() inlines.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
... otherwise the crypto stack will align it for us with a GFP_ATOMIC
allocation and a memcpy() -- see skcipher_walk_first().
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Since we need to change the implementation, stop exposing internals.
Provide kref_read() to read the current reference count; typically
used for debug messages.
Kills two anti-patterns:
atomic_read(&kref->refcount)
kref->refcount.counter
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
r_safe_completion is currently, and has always been, signaled only if
on-disk ack was requested. It's there for fsync and syncfs, which wait
for in-flight writes to flush - all data write requests set ONDISK.
However, the pool perm check code introduced in 4.2 sends a write
request with only ACK set. An unfortunately timed syncfs can then hang
forever: r_safe_completion won't be signaled because only an unsafe
reply was requested.
We could patch ceph_osdc_sync() to skip !ONDISK write requests, but
that is somewhat incomplete and yet another special case. Instead,
rename this completion to r_done_completion and always signal it when
the OSD client is done with the request, whether unsafe, safe, or
error. This is a bit cleaner and helps with the cancellation code.
Reported-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Include linux/crush/mapper.h in crush/mapper.c to get the prototypes of
crush_find_rule and crush_do_rule which are defined there. This fixes
the following GCC warnings when building with 'W=1':
net/ceph/crush/mapper.c:40:5: warning: no previous prototype for ‘crush_find_rule’ [-Wmissing-prototypes]
net/ceph/crush/mapper.c:793:5: warning: no previous prototype for ‘crush_do_rule’ [-Wmissing-prototypes]
Signed-off-by: Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch>
[idryomov@gmail.com: corresponding !__KERNEL__ include]
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
->get_authorizer(), ->verify_authorizer_reply(), ->sign_message() and
->check_message_signature() shouldn't be doing anything with or on the
connection (like closing it or sending messages).
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
The length of the reply is protocol-dependent - for cephx it's
ceph_x_authorize_reply. Nothing sensible can be passed from the
messenger layer anyway.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
After sending an authorizer (ceph_x_authorize_a + ceph_x_authorize_b),
the client gets back a ceph_x_authorize_reply, which it is supposed to
verify to ensure the authenticity and protect against replay attacks.
The code for doing this is there (ceph_x_verify_authorizer_reply(),
ceph_auth_verify_authorizer_reply() + plumbing), but it is never
invoked by the the messenger.
AFAICT this goes back to 2009, when ceph authentication protocols
support was added to the kernel client in 4e7a5dcd1b ("ceph:
negotiate authentication protocol; implement AUTH_NONE protocol").
The second param of ceph_connection_operations::verify_authorizer_reply
is unused all the way down. Pass 0 to facilitate backporting, and kill
it in the next commit.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
It's called during inital setup, when everything should be allocated
with GFP_KERNEL.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
- replace an ad-hoc array with a struct
- rename to calc_signature() for consistency
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
It's going to be used as a temporary buffer for in-place en/decryption
with ceph_crypt() instead of on-stack buffers, so rename to enc_buf.
Ensure alignment to avoid GFP_ATOMIC allocations in the crypto stack.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Starting with 4.9, kernel stacks may be vmalloced and therefore not
guaranteed to be physically contiguous; the new CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
option is enabled by default on x86. This makes it invalid to use
on-stack buffers with the crypto scatterlist API, as sg_set_buf()
expects a logical address and won't work with vmalloced addresses.
There isn't a different (e.g. kvec-based) crypto API we could switch
net/ceph/crypto.c to and the current scatterlist.h API isn't getting
updated to accommodate this use case. Allocating a new header and
padding for each operation is a non-starter, so do the en/decryption
in-place on a single pre-assembled (header + data + padding) heap
buffer. This is explicitly supported by the crypto API:
"... the caller may provide the same scatter/gather list for the
plaintext and cipher text. After the completion of the cipher
operation, the plaintext data is replaced with the ciphertext data
in case of an encryption and vice versa for a decryption."
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Since commit 0a990e7093 ("ceph: clean up service ticket decoding"),
th->session_key isn't assigned until everything is decoded.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
Pass what's going to be encrypted - that's msg_b, not ticket_blob.
ceph_x_encrypt_buflen() returns the upper bound, so this doesn't change
the maxlen calculation, but makes it a bit clearer.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com>
osdc->last_linger_id is a counter for lreq->linger_id, which is used
for watch cookies. Starting with a large integer should ease the task
of telling apart kernel and userspace clients.
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
If your data pool was pool 0, ceph_file_layout_from_legacy()
transform that to -1 unconditionally, which broke upgrades.
We only want do that for a fully zeroed ceph_file_layout,
so that it still maps to a file_layout_t. If any fields
are set, though, we trust the fl_pgpool to be a valid pool.
Fixes: 7627151ea3 ("libceph: define new ceph_file_layout structure")
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/17825
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
This removes the 'write' and 'force' use from get_user_pages_unlocked()
and replaces them with 'gup_flags' to make the use of FOLL_FORCE
explicit in callers as use of this flag can result in surprising
behaviour (and hence bugs) within the mm subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
