Quoting Paul [1]:
"Given that a quick (and perhaps error-prone) search of the uses
of rcu_assign_pointer() in v5.1 didn't find a single use of the
return value, let's please instead change the documentation and
implementation to eliminate the return value."
[1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190523135013.GL28207@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Parri <andrea.parri@amarulasolutions.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Cc: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Cc: rcu@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
When debugging options are turned on, the rcu_read_lock() function
might not be inlined. This results in lockdep's print_lock() function
printing "rcu_read_lock+0x0/0x70" instead of rcu_read_lock()'s caller.
For example:
[ 10.579995] =============================
[ 10.584033] WARNING: suspicious RCU usage
[ 10.588074] 4.18.0.memcg_v2+ #1 Not tainted
[ 10.593162] -----------------------------
[ 10.597203] include/linux/rcupdate.h:281 Illegal context switch in
RCU read-side critical section!
[ 10.606220]
[ 10.606220] other info that might help us debug this:
[ 10.606220]
[ 10.614280]
[ 10.614280] rcu_scheduler_active = 2, debug_locks = 1
[ 10.620853] 3 locks held by systemd/1:
[ 10.624632] #0: (____ptrval____) (&type->i_mutex_dir_key#5){.+.+}, at: lookup_slow+0x42/0x70
[ 10.633232] #1: (____ptrval____) (rcu_read_lock){....}, at: rcu_read_lock+0x0/0x70
[ 10.640954] #2: (____ptrval____) (rcu_read_lock){....}, at: rcu_read_lock+0x0/0x70
These "rcu_read_lock+0x0/0x70" strings are not providing any useful
information. This commit therefore forces inlining of the rcu_read_lock()
function so that rcu_read_lock()'s caller is instead shown.
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
The sync_exp_work_done() function uses smp_mb__before_atomic(), but
there is no obvious atomic in the ensuing code. The ordering is
absolutely required for grace periods to work correctly, so this
commit upgrades the smp_mb__before_atomic() to smp_mb().
Fixes: 6fba2b3767 ("rcu: Remove deprecated RCU debugfs tracing code")
Reported-by: Andrea Parri <andrea.parri@amarulasolutions.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Various security techniques can obfuscate pointer printouts on the
console. Unfortunately, rcutorture relies on either "null" or all zeroes
to identify the last few statistics printouts at the end of the test.
These need to be identified because failing to do so will results in
false-positive complaints about grace-period hangs.
This commit therefore prints the "ver:" in capitals ("VER:") when
the RCU-protected pointer has been set to NULL, which causes rcutorture's
parse-console.sh script to correctly ignore these lines.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
When trace_printk() is used, a message including "BUG" is printed to
the console, which fools the rcutorture scripting into believing that
the corresponding test scenario failed. This commit therefore filters
out this particular instance of "BUG", thus avoiding the false-positive
test-failure report.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
The current rcutorture scripts unconditionally do "make clean", which is
a good way of getting the needed testing done despite any imperfections in
Makefile dependency tracking. However, this can be a bit irritating when
repeatedly running a single scenario after small changes, for example,
when debugging a problem that affects only a single scenario. This commit
therefore adds a --trust-make argument that suppresses the "make clean".
Even when using ccache, this speeds up kernel builds by up to almost an
order of magnitude on my laptop.
Reported-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Currently, rcutorture will use relatively few CPUs to build the kernel
on a busy system, which is often as it should be. However, if the user
has used the --cpus argument to dedicate a specified number of CPUs to
this torture test, it would be good if the kernel build also made use
of them. This commit therefore changes the cpus2use.sh script to use
--cpus when specified and to do the idleness calculations otherwise.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
For historical reasons, rcutorture places its build products in a
tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/b1 directory using the O= kbuild
command-line argument. However, doing this requires that the source
directory be pristine: Not just "make clean" pristine, but instead "make
mrproper" (or, equivalently, "make distclean") pristine. Therefore,
rcutorture executes a "make mrproper" before each build. Unfortunately,
"make mrproper" has the side effect of removing pretty much everything,
including tags files and cscope databases, which can be inconvenient
to people whose workflow centers around a single source tree.
This commit therefore makes rcutorture do the build directly in the
source directory, removing the need for "make mrproper". This works
because all needed build products are moved to their proper place in the
"res" directory immediately after the build completes, so that multiple
rcutorture kernels can still run concurrently.
Reported-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Currently qemu output appears on standard output, but is inaccessible
later on. This commit therefore captures this output and causes
kvm-recheck.sh to output this output if QEMU gave a non-zero non-137
exit code. (And exit code of 137 indicates that QEMU was killed, in
which case we want to know about the hang rather than the fact that
QEMU was killed.)
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
In one of my rcutorture tests the TSC clocksource got marked unstable
due to a large difference in the TSC value. I'm not sure if the guest
run for a long time with disabled interrupts or if the host was very
busy and didn't schedule the guest for some time.
I took a look on the qemu/KVM options and decided to update the options:
- Use kvm{32|64} as CPU. We could probably use `host' (like ARM does)
for maximum available features but since we don't run any userland I'm
not sure if it makes any difference.
- Drop the "noapic" option. There is no history why the APIC was disabled,
I see no reason for it. Once old qemu versions fade away, we can add
"x2apic=on,tsc-deadline=on,hypervisor=on,tsc_adjust=on".
- Additional config options. It ensures that the kernel knowns that it
runs as a kvm guest and can use virt devices like the kvm-clock as
clocksource. The kvm-clock was the main motivation here.
- I didn't add a random HW device. It would make the random device ready
earlier (not it doesn't complete the initialisation at all) but I
doubt that there is any need for this.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
[ paulmck: The world is not quite ready for CONFIG_PARAVIRT_SPINLOCKS=y
and x2apic, so they are omitted for the time being. ]
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
I have been showing off a trivial RCU implementation for non-preemptive
environments for some time now:
#define rcu_read_lock()
#define rcu_read_unlock()
#define rcu_dereference(p) READ_ONCE(p)
#define rcu_assign_pointer(p, v) smp_store_release(&(p), (v))
void synchronize_rcu(void)
{
int cpu;
for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
sched_setaffinity(current->pid, cpumask_of(cpu));
}
Trivial or not, as the old saying goes, "if it ain't tested, it don't
work!". This commit therefore adds a "trivial" flavor to rcutorture
and a corresponding TRIVIAL test scenario. This variant does not handle
CPU hotplug, which is unconditionally enabled on x86 for post-v5.1-rc3
kernels, which is why the TRIVIAL.boot says "rcutorture.onoff_interval=0".
This commit actually does handle CONFIG_PREEMPT=y kernels, but only
because it turns back the Linux-kernel clock in order to provide these
alternative definitions (or the moral equivalent thereof):
#define rcu_read_lock() preempt_disable()
#define rcu_read_unlock() preempt_enable()
In CONFIG_PREEMPT=n kernels without debugging, these are equivalent to
empty macros give or take a compiler barrier. However, the have been
successfully tested with actual empty macros as well.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
[ paulmck: Fix symbol issue reported by kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>. ]
[ paulmck: Work around sched_setaffinity() issue noted by Andrea Parri. ]
[ paulmck: Add rcutorture.shuffle_interval=0 to TRIVIAL.boot to fix
interaction with shuffler task noted by Peter Zijlstra. ]
Tested-by: Andrea Parri <andrea.parri@amarulasolutions.com>
Once removed, an rcu_torture element can be deferred-freed by a chain
of call_rcu() invocations, with each callback invoking another round of
call_rcu() until either a fixed number of call_rcu() invocations have
been chained or until the test ends. This means that if the test ends,
some of the rcu_torture elements will be "stranded" partway through the
deferred-free process, which results in false-positive warnings from
rcu_torture_writer() due to lack of forward progress should the test
end just at the end of a stutter interval.
This commit therefore suppresses rcu_torture_writer()'s forward-progress
checks when the test ends in order to avoid these false-positive reports..
Reported-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
In !PREEMPT kernels, cond_resched() is a no-op. In NO_HZ_FULL kernels,
in-kernel execution (such as that of rcutorture's kthreads) might extend
indefinitely without the scheduler gaining the aid of a scheduling-clock
interrupt. This combination can make the interaction of an rcutorture
forward-progress test and a CPU-hotplug stop_machine operation make less
forward progress than one might like. Additionally, Sebastian Siewior
notes that NO_HZ_FULL kernels have a scheduler check upon return to
userspace execution, which suggests that in-kernel emulation of tight
userspace loops containing system calls doing call_rcu() might also need
explicit checks in the PREEMPT && NO_HZ_FULL case.
This commit therefore introduces a rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched()
function that explicitly invokes schedule() in such kernels whenever
need_resched() returns true, while retaining use of cond_resched()
for kernels that are either !PREEMPT or !NO_HZ_FULL.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Because TREE01 can end up running more vCPUs that physical CPUs,
hammering these shortchanged CPUs with tight loops containing call_rcu()
invocations seems a bit like overkill. This commit therefore exempts
TREE01 from rcutorture's forward-progress testing.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
After the end of each stutter pause interval, the rcu_torture_writer()
kthread checks to be sure that all prior callbacks have completed so
that all the test structures have been freed. This works fine except
for tasks RCU, in which grace periods can take one good long time.
This commit therefore exempts tasks RCU from this check.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
This commit provides a rudimentary Makefile that runs a 10-minute
rcutorture test on scenario TREE01. This must be run on a system capable
of spawning virtual machines and with everything installed to permit
building Linux kernels.
Reported-by: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
This commit causes both kvm-find-errors.sh and kvm-recheck.sh to provide
an exit status based on whether or not errors were located. In the
case of kvm-recheck.sh, this will be the error status of the last run.
This change allows these commands to be used in scripting and Makefiles
to automatically report failed rcutorture runs.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Currently, the inter-stutter interval is the same as the stutter duration,
that is, whatever number of jiffies is passed into torture_stutter_init().
This has worked well for quite some time, but the addition of
forward-progress testing to rcutorture can delay processes for several
seconds, which can triple the time that they are stuttered.
This commit therefore adds a second argument to torture_stutter_init()
that specifies the inter-stutter interval. While locktorture preserves
the current behavior, rcutorture uses the RCU CPU stall warning interval
to provide a wider inter-stutter interval.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
The stutter_wait() function is supposed to return true if it actually
waits and false otherwise, but it instead unconditionally returns false.
Which hides a bug in rcu_torture_writer() that fails to account for
the fact that one of the rcu_tortures[] array elements will normally be
referenced by rcu_torture_current, and thus not be on the freelist.
This commit therefore corrects the stutter_wait() return value and adds a
check for rcu_torture_current to rcu_torture_writer()'s check that things
get freed after everything goes quiescent. In addition, this commit
causes torture_stutter() to give a bit more than one second (instead of
only one jiffy) warning of the end of the stutter interval. Finally,
this commit disables long-delay readers and aggressive update-side
forward-progress checks while forward-progress testing is in flight.
Reported-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
The rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree() function frees callbacks used during
rcutorture's call_rcu() forward-progress test, but does so in a tight
loop. This could cause problems given a very long list of callbacks to be
freed, and actual testing produces lists with as many as 25M callbacks.
This commit therefore adds a cond_resched() to this loop. While in
the area, this commit also rearranges the lock releases to look a bit
more sane.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
jitter.sh currently does not add CPU0 to the list of CPUs for adding of
jitter. Let us add it to this list even when it is not hot-pluggable.
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
The rcutorture jitter.sh script selects a random CPU but does not check
if it is offline or online. This leads to taskset errors many times. On
my machine, hyper threading is disabled so half the cores are offline
causing taskset errors a lot of times. Let us fix this by checking from
only the online CPUs on the system.
Cc: rcu@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
With this patch rcu_sync has a single state variable and the transition rules
become really simple:
GP_IDLE - owned by the first rcu_sync_enter() which moves it to
GP_ENTER - owned by rcu-callback which moves it to
GP_PASSED - owned by the last rcu_sync_exit() which moves it to
GP_EXIT - and this is the only "nontrivial" state.
rcu-callback moves it back to GP_IDLE unless another enter()
comes before a GP pass.
If rcu-callback is invoked before the next rcu_sync_exit() it
must see gp_count incremented by that enter() and set GP_PASSED.
Otherwise, if the next rcu_sync_exit() wins the race, it will
move it to
GP_REPLAY - owned by rcu-callback which moves it to GP_EXIT
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
[ paulmck: While here, apply READ_ONCE() and WRITE_ONCE() to ->gp_state. ]
[ paulmck: Tweaks to make htmldocs happy. (Reported by kbuild test robot.) ]
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Turn DEFINE_STATIC_PERCPU_RWSEM() into __DEFINE_PERCPU_RWSEM() with the
additional "is_static" argument to introduce DEFINE_PERCPU_RWSEM().
Change cgroup.c to use DEFINE_PERCPU_RWSEM(cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem).
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Use DEFINE_STATIC_PERCPU_RWSEM() to initialize dup_mmap_sem.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Now that the RCU flavors have been consolidated, rcu_sync_type makes no
sense because none of internal update functions aside from .held() depend
on gp_type. This commit therefore removes this field and consolidates
the relevant code.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
[ paulmck: Added RCU and RCU-bh checks to rcu_sync_is_idle(). ]
[ paulmck: And applied subsequent feedback from Oleg Nesterov. ]
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Because __call_srcu() is not used outside kernel/rcu/srcutree.c,
this commit makes it static.
Signed-off-by: Jiang Biao <benbjiang@tencent.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Since commit title ("srcu: Allocate per-CPU data for DEFINE_SRCU() in
modules"), modules that call DEFINE_{STATIC,}SRCU will have a new array
of srcu_struct pointers, which is used by srcu code to initialize and
clean up these structures and save valuable per-cpu reserved space.
There is no reason for this array of pointers to be writable, and can
cause security or other hidden bugs. Mark these are read-only after the
module init has completed.
Tested with the following diff to ensure array not writable:
(diff is a bit reduced to avoid patch command getting confused)
a/kernel/module.c
b/kernel/module.c
-3506,6 +3506,14 static noinline int do_init_module [snip]
rcu_assign_pointer(mod->kallsyms, &mod->core_kallsyms);
#endif
module_enable_ro(mod, true);
+
+ if (mod->srcu_struct_ptrs) {
+ // Check if srcu_struct_ptrs access is possible
+ char x = *(char *)mod->srcu_struct_ptrs;
+ *(char *)mod->srcu_struct_ptrs = 0;
+ *(char *)mod->srcu_struct_ptrs = x;
+ }
+
mod_tree_remove_init(mod);
disable_ro_nx(&mod->init_layout);
module_arch_freeing_init(mod);
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com
Cc: rcu@vger.kernel.org
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Cc: kernel-team@android.com
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
The SRCU for modules optimization (commit title "srcu: Allocate per-CPU
data for DEFINE_SRCU() in modules") introduced vmlinux linker entries
which is unused since it applies only to the built-in vmlinux. So remove
it to prevent any space usage due to the 8 byte alignment it added.
vmlinux.lds.h has no effect on module loading and is not used for
building the module object, so the changes were not needed in the first
place since the optimization is specific to modules.
Tested with SRCU torture_type and rcutorture. Put prints in module
loader to confirm it is able to find and initialize the srcu structures.
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Cc: kernel-team@android.com
Cc: paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Adding DEFINE_SRCU() or DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU() to a loadable module requires
that the size of the reserved region be increased, which is not something
we want to be doing all that often. One approach would be to require
that loadable modules define an srcu_struct and invoke init_srcu_struct()
from their module_init function and cleanup_srcu_struct() from their
module_exit function. However, this is more than a bit user unfriendly.
This commit therefore creates an ___srcu_struct_ptrs linker section,
and pointers to srcu_struct structures created by DEFINE_SRCU() and
DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU() within a module are placed into that module's
___srcu_struct_ptrs section. The required init_srcu_struct() and
cleanup_srcu_struct() functions are then automatically invoked as needed
when that module is loaded and unloaded, thus allowing modules to continue
to use DEFINE_SRCU() and DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU() while avoiding the need
to increase the size of the reserved region.
Many of the algorithms and some of the code was cheerfully cherry-picked
from other code making use of linker sections, perhaps most notably from
tracepoints. All bugs are nevertheless the sole property of the author.
Suggested-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
[ paulmck: Use __section() and use "default" in srcu_module_notify()'s
"switch" statement as suggested by Joel Fernandes. ]
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Currently, if a CPU has more than 10,000 callbacks pending, it will
increase rdp->blimit to LONG_MAX. If you are lucky, LONG_MAX is only
about two billion, but this is still a bit too many callbacks to invoke
back-to-back while otherwise ignoring the world.
This commit therefore sets a maximum limit of DEFAULT_MAX_RCU_BLIMIT,
which is set to 10,000, for rdp->blimit.
Reported-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
This commit makes the kfree_rcu() macro's semantics be consistent
with the likes of kfree() by adding a check for NULL pointers, so
that kfree_rcu(NULL, ...) is a no-op.
Reported-by: Andriy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andriy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
On systems whose rcu_node tree has only one node, the
rcu_check_gp_start_stall() function's values of rnp and rnp_root will
be identical. In this case, it clearly does not make sense to release
both rnp->lock and rnp_root->lock, but that is exactly what this function
does in the last early exit. This commit therefore unlocks only rnp->lock
when rnp and rnp_root are equal.
Signed-off-by: Neeraj Upadhyay <neeraju@codeaurora.org>
Reviewed-by: Mukesh Ojha <mojha@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
The dump_blkd_tasks() function dumps at most 10 blocked tasks, ignoring
the value of the ncheck parameter. This commit therefore substitutes
the value of ncheck for the hard-coded value of 10. Because all callers
currently pass 10 as the number, this patch does not change behavior,
but it is clearly an accident waiting to happen.
Signed-off-by: Neeraj Upadhyay <neeraju@codeaurora.org>
Reviewed-by: Mukesh Ojha <mojha@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
A positive value of rcupdate.rcu_task_stall_timeout is an interval
in seconds rather than jiffies.
Signed-off-by: Zhenzhong Duan <zhenzhong.duan@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Document similar real world examples in the kernel corresponding to the
second and third code snippets. Also correct an issue in
release_referenced() in the code snippet example.
Cc: oleg@redhat.com
Cc: jannh@google.com
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
[ paulmck: Do a bit of wordsmithing. ]
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Because rdp is initialized but never used in synchronize_rcu_expedited(),
this commit removes it.
Signed-off-by: Jiang Biao <benbjiang@tencent.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
The rcu_data structure's ->deferred_qs field is used to indicate that the
current CPU is blocking an expedited grace period (perhaps a future one).
Given that it is used only for expedited grace periods, its current name
is misleading, so this commit renames it to ->exp_deferred_qs.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
It would be good to combine the dynticks and dynticks_nesting counters
in order to simplify the code. Unfortunately, there are concerns
about usermode upcalls appearing to RCU as half of an interrupt, as
Byungchul learned [1]. The "half" in "half interrupt" is due to an
unpaired rcu_irq_enter(): Normally, each rcu_irq_enter() has a later
call to rcu_irq_exit().
Out of an abundance of caution, Paul added warnings [2] in the RCU
code which if not fired by 2021 will be interpreted as meaning that
this half-interrupt scenario cannot happen any more, thus permitting
simplification of this code.
In the meantime, this commit makes the following changes:
(1) Combining these two counters requires that rcu_rrupt_from_idle()
is invoked only from hard-interrupt contexts as discussed here [3].
This commit therefore adds the required lockdep_assert_in_irq()
to check this constraint.
(2) Furthermore, rcu_rrupt_from_idle() is not explicit about how it
is using the counters which can lead to weird future bugs. This
commit therefore adds comments indicating the meaning and use of
each counter.
(3) Lastly, this commit checks for counter underflows as another check
that half interrupts don't occur. (Previously, the function would
simply return true upon underflow.)
All these checks checks are NOOPs if PROVE_LOCKING (and thus PROVE_RCU)
are disabled.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/952349/
[2] Commit e11ec65cc8 ("rcu: Add warning to detect half-interrupts")
[3] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20190312150514.GB249405@google.com/
Cc: byungchul.park@lge.com
Cc: kernel-team@android.com
Cc: rcu@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
In rcu_rrupt_from_idle, we want to check if it is called from within an
interrupt, but want to do such checking only for debug builds. lockdep
already tracks when we enter an interrupt. Let us expose it as an
assertion macro so it can be used to assert this.
Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: kernel-team@android.com
Cc: rcu@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
The sync_sched_exp_online_cleanup() is invoked at online time to handle
the case where the start of an expedited grace period ran concurrently
with a CPU being taken offline and then immediately being placed online.
It checks to see if RCU needs an expedited quiescent state from the
incoming CPU, sending it an IPI if so. However, it is quite possible
that sync_sched_exp_online_cleanup() is running on that CPU, in which
case it is considerably less overhead to simply request the quiescent
state locally instead of simulating a self-IPI.
This commit therefore places the last few lines of rcu_exp_handler()
into a new rcu_exp_need_qs() function, which is invoked both by
rcu_exp_handler() and by sync_sched_exp_online_cleanup() in the self-IPI
case.
This also reduces the rcu_exp_handler() function's state space by
removing the direct call that this smp_call_function_single() uses to
emulate the requested self-IPI. This in turn will allow tighter error
checking in rcu_is_cpu_rrupt_from_idle().
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Although sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus() treats the current CPU as being
in a quiescent state, it might well migrate to some other CPU before
reaching the smp_call_function_single(), which could then result in an
unnecessary simulated self-IPI. This commit therefore instead simply
refuses to invoke smp_call_function_single() on the current CPU, which
causes the later rcu_report_exp_cpu_mult() to report this CPU's quiescent
state with less overhead.
This also reduces the rcu_exp_handler() function's state space by removing
the direct call that this smp_call_function_single() uses to emulate the
requested self-IPI.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
[ paulmck: Use get_cpu() instead of preempt_disable() per Joel Fernandes. ]
This commit saves a few lines of code by inlining invoke_rcu_callbacks()
into its sole remaining caller.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
When rcu_read_unlock_special() is invoked with interrupts disabled, is
either not in an interrupt handler or is not using RCU_SOFTIRQ, is not
the first RCU read-side critical section in the chain, and either there
is an expedited grace period in flight or this is a NO_HZ_FULL kernel,
the end of the grace period can be unduly delayed. The reason for this
is that it is not safe to do wakeups in this situation.
This commit fixes this problem by using the irq_work subsystem to
force a later interrupt handler in a clean environment. Because
set_tsk_need_resched(current) and set_preempt_need_resched() are
invoked prior to this, the scheduler will force a context switch
upon return from this interrupt (though perhaps at the end of any
interrupted preempt-disable or BH-disable region of code), which will
invoke rcu_note_context_switch() (again in a clean environment), which
will in turn give RCU the chance to report the deferred quiescent state.
Of course, by then this task might be within another RCU read-side
critical section. But that will be detected at that time and reporting
will be further deferred to the outermost rcu_read_unlock(). See
rcu_preempt_need_deferred_qs() and rcu_preempt_deferred_qs() for more
details on the checking.
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
When running in an interrupt handler, raise_softirq() and
raise_softirq_irqoff() have extremely low overhead: They simply set a
bit in a per-CPU mask, which is checked upon exit from that interrupt
handler. Therefore, if rcu_read_unlock_special() is invoked within an
interrupt handler and RCU_SOFTIRQ is in use, this commit make use of
raise_softirq_irqoff() even if there is no expedited grace period in
flight and even if this is not a nohz_full CPU.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
