psi has provisions to shut off the periodic aggregation worker when
there is a period of no task activity - and thus no data that needs
aggregating. However, while developing psi monitoring, Suren noticed
that the aggregation clock currently won't stay shut off for good.
Debugging this revealed a flaw in the idle design: an aggregation run
will see no task activity and decide to go to sleep; shortly thereafter,
the kworker thread that executed the aggregation will go idle and cause
a scheduling change, during which the psi callback will kick the
!pending worker again. This will ping-pong forever, and is equivalent
to having no shut-off logic at all (but with more code!)
Fix this by exempting aggregation workers from psi's clock waking logic
when the state change is them going to sleep. To do this, tag workers
with the last work function they executed, and if in psi we see a worker
going to sleep after aggregating psi data, we will not reschedule the
aggregation work item.
What if the worker is also executing other items before or after?
Any psi state times that were incurred by work items preceding the
aggregation work will have been collected from the per-cpu buckets
during the aggregation itself. If there are work items following the
aggregation work, the worker's last_func tag will be overwritten and the
aggregator will be kept alive to process this genuine new activity.
If the aggregation work is the last thing the worker does, and we decide
to go idle, the brief period of non-idle time incurred between the
aggregation run and the kworker's dequeue will be stranded in the
per-cpu buckets until the clock is woken by later activity. But that
should not be a problem. The buckets can hold 4s worth of time, and
future activity will wake the clock with a 2s delay, giving us 2s worth
of data we can leave behind when disabling aggregation. If it takes a
worker more than two seconds to go idle after it finishes its last work
item, we likely have bigger problems in the system, and won't notice one
sample that was averaged with a bogus per-CPU weight.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190116193501.1910-1-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Fixes: eb414681d5 ("psi: pressure stall information for CPU, memory, and IO")
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reported-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Work functions can use set_worker_desc() to improve the visibility of
what the worker task is doing. Currently, the desc field is unset at
the beginning of each execution and there is a separate field to track
the field is set during the current execution.
Instead of leaving empty till desc is set, worker->desc can be used to
remember the last workqueue the worker worked on by default and users
that use set_worker_desc() can override it to something more
informative as necessary.
This simplifies desc handling and helps tracking the last workqueue
that the worker exected on to improve visibility.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
For historical reasons, the worker attach/detach functions don't
currently manage worker->pool and the callers are manually and
inconsistently updating it.
This patch moves worker->pool updates into the worker attach/detach
functions. This makes worker->pool consistent and clearly defines how
worker->pool updates are synchronized.
This will help later workqueue visibility improvements by allowing
safe access to workqueue information from worker->task.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Pull workqueue fix from Tejun Heo:
"Another fix for a really old bug.
It only affects drain_workqueue() which isn't used often and even then
triggers only during a pretty small race window, so it isn't too
surprising that it stayed hidden for so long.
The fix is straight-forward and low-risk. Kudos to Li Bin for
reporting and fixing the bug"
* 'for-4.14-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq:
workqueue: Fix NULL pointer dereference
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
When queue_work() is used in irq (not in task context), there is
a potential case that trigger NULL pointer dereference.
----------------------------------------------------------------
worker_thread()
|-spin_lock_irq()
|-process_one_work()
|-worker->current_pwq = pwq
|-spin_unlock_irq()
|-worker->current_func(work)
|-spin_lock_irq()
|-worker->current_pwq = NULL
|-spin_unlock_irq()
//interrupt here
|-irq_handler
|-__queue_work()
//assuming that the wq is draining
|-is_chained_work(wq)
|-current_wq_worker()
//Here, 'current' is the interrupted worker!
|-current->current_pwq is NULL here!
|-schedule()
----------------------------------------------------------------
Avoid it by checking for task context in current_wq_worker(), and
if not in task context, we shouldn't use the 'current' to check the
condition.
Reported-by: Xiaofei Tan <tanxiaofei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Bin <huawei.libin@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Fixes: 8d03ecfe47 ("workqueue: reimplement is_chained_work() using current_wq_worker()")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.9+
Given that wq_worker_sleeping() could only be called for a
CPU it is running on, we do not need passing a CPU ID as an
argument.
Suggested-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
manager_mutex is only used to protect the attaching for the pool
and the pool->workers list. It protects the pool->workers and operations
based on this list, such as:
cpu-binding for the workers in the pool->workers
the operations to set/clear WORKER_UNBOUND
So let's rename manager_mutex to attach_mutex to better reflect its
role. This patch is a pure rename.
tj: Minor command and description updates.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
worker_idr has the iteration (iterating for attached workers) and
worker ID duties. These two duties don't have to be tied together. We
can separate them and use a list for tracking attached workers and
iteration.
Before this separation, it wasn't possible to add rescuer workers to
worker_idr due to rescuer workers couldn't allocate ID dynamically
because ID-allocation depends on memory-allocation, which rescuer
can't depend on.
After separation, we can easily add the rescuer workers to the list for
iteration without any memory-allocation. It is required when we attach
the rescuer worker to the pool in later patch.
tj: Minor description updates.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Most of the stuff from kernel/sched.c was moved to kernel/sched/core.c long time
back and the comments/Documentation never got updated.
I figured it out when I was going through sched-domains.txt and so thought of
fixing it globally.
I haven't crossed check if the stuff that is referenced in sched/core.c by all
these files is still present and hasn't changed as that wasn't the motive behind
this patch.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/cdff76a265326ab8d71922a1db5be599f20aad45.1370329560.git.viresh.kumar@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
One of the problems that arise when converting dedicated custom
threadpool to workqueue is that the shared worker pool used by workqueue
anonimizes each worker making it more difficult to identify what the
worker was doing on which target from the output of sysrq-t or debug
dump from oops, BUG() and friends.
This patch implements set_worker_desc() which can be called from any
workqueue work function to set its description. When the worker task is
dumped for whatever reason - sysrq-t, WARN, BUG, oops, lockdep assertion
and so on - the description will be printed out together with the
workqueue name and the worker function pointer.
The printing side is implemented by print_worker_info() which is called
from functions in task dump paths - sched_show_task() and
dump_stack_print_info(). print_worker_info() can be safely called on
any task in any state as long as the task struct itself is accessible.
It uses probe_*() functions to access worker fields. It may print
garbage if something went very wrong, but it wouldn't cause (another)
oops.
The description is currently limited to 24bytes including the
terminating \0. worker->desc_valid and workder->desc[] are added and
the 64 bytes marker which was already incorrect before adding the new
fields is moved to the correct position.
Here's an example dump with writeback updated to set the bdi name as
worker desc.
Hardware name: Bochs
Modules linked in:
Pid: 7, comm: kworker/u9:0 Not tainted 3.9.0-rc1-work+ #1
Workqueue: writeback bdi_writeback_workfn (flush-8:0)
ffffffff820a3ab0 ffff88000f6e9cb8 ffffffff81c61845 ffff88000f6e9cf8
ffffffff8108f50f 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ffff88000cde16b0
ffff88000cde1aa8 ffff88001ee19240 ffff88000f6e9fd8 ffff88000f6e9d08
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff81c61845>] dump_stack+0x19/0x1b
[<ffffffff8108f50f>] warn_slowpath_common+0x7f/0xc0
[<ffffffff8108f56a>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x20
[<ffffffff81200150>] bdi_writeback_workfn+0x2a0/0x3b0
...
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Rebinding workers of a per-cpu pool after a CPU comes online involves
a lot of back-and-forth mostly because only the task itself could
adjust CPU affinity if PF_THREAD_BOUND was set.
As CPU_ONLINE itself couldn't adjust affinity, it had to somehow
coerce the workers themselves to perform set_cpus_allowed_ptr(). Due
to the various states a worker can be in, this led to three different
paths a worker may be rebound. worker->rebind_work is queued to busy
workers. Idle ones are signaled by unlinking worker->entry and call
idle_worker_rebind(). The manager isn't covered by either and
implements its own mechanism.
PF_THREAD_BOUND has been relaced with PF_NO_SETAFFINITY and CPU_ONLINE
itself now can manipulate CPU affinity of workers. This patch
replaces the existing rebind mechanism with direct one where
CPU_ONLINE iterates over all workers using for_each_pool_worker(),
restores CPU affinity, and clears WORKER_UNBOUND.
There are a couple subtleties. All bound idle workers should have
their runqueues set to that of the bound CPU; however, if the target
task isn't running, set_cpus_allowed_ptr() just updates the
cpus_allowed mask deferring the actual migration to when the task
wakes up. This is worked around by waking up idle workers after
restoring CPU affinity before any workers can become bound.
Another subtlety is stems from matching @pool->nr_running with the
number of running unbound workers. While DISASSOCIATED, all workers
are unbound and nr_running is zero. As workers become bound again,
nr_running needs to be adjusted accordingly; however, there is no good
way to tell whether a given worker is running without poking into
scheduler internals. Instead of clearing UNBOUND directly,
rebind_workers() replaces UNBOUND with another new NOT_RUNNING flag -
REBOUND, which will later be cleared by the workers themselves while
preparing for the next round of work item execution. The only change
needed for the workers is clearing REBOUND along with PREP.
* This patch leaves for_each_busy_worker() without any user. Removed.
* idle_worker_rebind(), busy_worker_rebind_fn(), worker->rebind_work
and rebind logic in manager_workers() removed.
* worker_thread() now looks at WORKER_DIE instead of testing whether
@worker->entry is empty to determine whether it needs to do
something special as dying is the only special thing now.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Workqueue is mixing unsigned int and int for @cpu variables. There's
no point in using unsigned int for cpus - many of cpu related APIs
take int anyway. Consistently use int for @cpu variables so that we
can use negative values to mark special ones.
This patch doesn't introduce any visible behavior changes.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Rescuers visit different worker_pools to process work items from pools
under pressure. Currently, rescuer->pool is updated outside any
locking and when an outsider looks at a rescuer, there's no way to
tell when and whether rescuer->pool is gonna change. While this
doesn't currently cause any problem, it is nasty.
With recent worker_maybe_bind_and_lock() changes, we can move
rescuer->pool updates inside pool locks such that if rescuer->pool
equals a locked pool, it's guaranteed to stay that way until the pool
is unlocked.
Move rescuer->pool inside pool->lock.
This patch doesn't introduce any visible behavior difference.
tj: Updated the description.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
workqueue has moved away from global_cwqs to worker_pools and with the
scheduled custom worker pools, wforkqueues will be associated with
pools which don't have anything to do with CPUs. The workqueue code
went through significant amount of changes recently and mass renaming
isn't likely to hurt much additionally. Let's replace 'cpu' with
'pool' so that it reflects the current design.
* s/struct cpu_workqueue_struct/struct pool_workqueue/
* s/cpu_wq/pool_wq/
* s/cwq/pwq/
This patch is purely cosmetic.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
global_cwq is now nothing but a container for per-cpu standard
worker_pools. Declare the worker pools directly as
cpu/unbound_std_worker_pools[] and remove global_cwq.
* ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp moved from global_cwq to worker_pool.
This probably would have made sense even before this change as we
want each pool to be aligned.
* get_gcwq() is replaced with std_worker_pools() which returns the
pointer to the standard pool array for a given CPU.
* __alloc_workqueue_key() updated to use get_std_worker_pool() instead
of open-coding pool determination.
This is part of an effort to remove global_cwq and make worker_pool
the top level abstraction, which in turn will help implementing worker
pools with user-specified attributes.
v2: Joonsoo pointed out that it'd better to align struct worker_pool
rather than the array so that every pool is aligned.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
This function queries whether %current is an async worker executing an
async item. This will be used to implement warning on synchronous
request_module() from async workers.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
This will be used to implement an inline function to query whether
%current is a workqueue worker and, if so, allow determining which
work item it's executing.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Workqueue wants to expose more interface internal to kernel/. Instead
of adding a new header file, repurpose kernel/workqueue_sched.h.
Rename it to workqueue_internal.h and add include protector.
This patch doesn't introduce any functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
