Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
__devinit, __devexit annotations are nops - so drop them.
Likewise for __devexit_p.
Adjusted alignment of arguments when needed.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
These files are only exporting symbols, so they don't need
the full module.h header file. Previously they were getting
access to EXPORT_SYMBOL implicitly via overuse of module.h
from within other .h files, but that is being cleaned up.
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Commit b826291c, "drivercore/dt: add a match table pointer to struct
device" added an of_match pointer to struct device to cache the
of_match_table entry discovered at driver match time. This was unsafe
because matching is not an atomic operation with probing a driver. If
two or more drivers are attempted to be matched to a driver at the
same time, then the cached matching entry pointer could get
overwritten.
This patch reverts the of_match cache pointer and reworks all users to
call of_match_device() directly instead.
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Fix all of the problems spotted by CONFIG_DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH under
arch/sparc during a 64-bit defconfig build.
They fall into two categorites:
1) of_device_id is marked as __initdata, and we can never do this
since these objects sit in the device core data structures way
past boot. So even if a driver will never be reloaded, we have
to keep the device ID table around.
Mark such cases const instead.
2) The bootmem alloc/free handling code in mdesc.c was not fully
marked __init as it should be, thus generating a reference
to free_bootmem_late() (which is __init) from non-__init code.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Get rid of old users of of_platform_driver in arch/sparc. Most
of_platform_driver users can be converted to use the platform_bus
directly.
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
of_device is just a #define alias to platform_device. This patch
replaces all references to it with platform_device.
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Both of_bus_type and of_platform_bus_type are just #define aliases
for the platform bus. This patch removes all references to them and
switches to the of_register_platform_driver()/of_unregister_platform_driver()
API for registering.
Subsequent patches will convert each user of of_register_platform_driver()
into plain platform_drivers without the of_platform_driver shim. At which
point the of_register_platform_driver()/of_unregister_platform_driver()
functions can be removed.
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch moves SPARC architecture specific data members out of
struct of_device and into the pdev_archdata structure. The reason
for this change is to unify the struct of_device definition amongst
all the architectures. It also remvoes the .sysdata, .slot, .portid
and .clock_freq properties because they aren't actually used by
anything.
A subsequent patch will replace struct of_device entirely with struct
platform_device and the of_platform support code will share common
routines with the platform bus (but the bus instances themselves can
remain separate).
This patch also adds 'struct resources *resource' and num_resources
to match the fields defined in struct platform_device. After this
change, 'struct platform_device' can be used as a drop-in replacement
for 'struct of_platform'.
This change is in preparation for merging the of_platform_bus_type
with the platform_bus_type.
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
.name, .match_table and .owner are duplicated in both of_platform_driver
and device_driver. This patch is a removes the extra copies from struct
of_platform_driver and converts all users to the device_driver members.
This patch is a pretty mechanical change. The usage model doesn't change
and if any drivers have been missed, or if anything has been fixed up
incorrectly, then it will fail with a compile time error, and the fixup
will be trivial. This patch looks big and scary because it touches so
many files, but it should be pretty safe.
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Acked-by: Sean MacLennan <smaclennan@pikatech.com>
The following structure elements duplicate the information in
'struct device.of_node' and so are being eliminated. This patch
makes all readers of these elements use device.of_node instead.
(struct of_device *)->node
(struct dev_archdata *)->prom_node (sparc)
(struct dev_archdata *)->of_node (powerpc & microblaze)
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
o Move all files from sparc64/kernel/ to sparc/kernel
- rename as appropriate
o Update sparc/Makefile to the changes
o Update sparc/kernel/Makefile to include the sparc64 files
NOTE: This commit changes link order on sparc64!
Link order had to change for either of sparc32 and sparc64.
And assuming sparc64 see more testing than sparc32 change link
order on sparc64 where issues will be caught faster.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
