From 7c7900f89770d7fba96100d8a9e18043a1af3973 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Josh Poimboeuf Date: Fri, 16 Sep 2016 14:18:12 -0500 Subject: [PATCH] x86/unwind: Add new unwind interface and implementations The x86 stack dump code is a bit of a mess. dump_trace() uses callbacks, and each user of it seems to have slightly different requirements, so there are several slightly different callbacks floating around. Also there are some upcoming features which will need more changes to the stack dump code, including the printing of stack pt_regs, reliable stack detection for live patching, and a DWARF unwinder. Each of those features would at least need more callbacks and/or callback interfaces, resulting in a much bigger mess than what we have today. Before doing all that, we should try to clean things up and replace dump_trace() with something cleaner and more flexible. The new unwinder is a simple state machine which was heavily inspired by a suggestion from Andy Lutomirski: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/CALCETrUbNTqaM2LRyXGRx=kVLRPeY5A3Pc6k4TtQxF320rUT=w@mail.gmail.com It's also similar to the libunwind API: http://www.nongnu.org/libunwind/man/libunwind(3).html Some if its advantages: - Simplicity: no more callback sprawl and less code duplication. - Flexibility: it allows the caller to stop and inspect the stack state at each step in the unwinding process. - Modularity: the unwinder code, console stack dump code, and stack metadata analysis code are all better separated so that changing one of them shouldn't have much of an impact on any of the others. Two implementations are added which conform to the new unwind interface: - The frame pointer unwinder which is used for CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER=y. - The "guess" unwinder which is used for CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER=n. This isn't an "unwinder" per se. All it does is scan the stack for kernel text addresses. But with no frame pointers, guesses are better than nothing in most cases. Suggested-by: Andy Lutomirski Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Brian Gerst Cc: Byungchul Park Cc: Denys Vlasenko Cc: Frederic Weisbecker Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Kees Cook Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Nilay Vaish Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Steven Rostedt Cc: Thomas Gleixner Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/6dc2f909c47533d213d0505f0a113e64585bec82.1474045023.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar --- arch/x86/include/asm/unwind.h | 73 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ arch/x86/kernel/Makefile | 6 +++ arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c | 93 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c | 43 ++++++++++++++++ 4 files changed, 215 insertions(+) create mode 100644 arch/x86/include/asm/unwind.h create mode 100644 arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c create mode 100644 arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/unwind.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/unwind.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..c4b6d1cafa46 --- /dev/null +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/unwind.h @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +#ifndef _ASM_X86_UNWIND_H +#define _ASM_X86_UNWIND_H + +#include +#include +#include +#include + +struct unwind_state { + struct stack_info stack_info; + unsigned long stack_mask; + struct task_struct *task; + int graph_idx; +#ifdef CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER + unsigned long *bp; +#else + unsigned long *sp; +#endif +}; + +void __unwind_start(struct unwind_state *state, struct task_struct *task, + struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long *first_frame); + +bool unwind_next_frame(struct unwind_state *state); + +static inline bool unwind_done(struct unwind_state *state) +{ + return state->stack_info.type == STACK_TYPE_UNKNOWN; +} + +static inline +void unwind_start(struct unwind_state *state, struct task_struct *task, + struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long *first_frame) +{ + first_frame = first_frame ? : get_stack_pointer(task, regs); + + __unwind_start(state, task, regs, first_frame); +} + +#ifdef CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER + +static inline +unsigned long *unwind_get_return_address_ptr(struct unwind_state *state) +{ + if (unwind_done(state)) + return NULL; + + return state->bp + 1; +} + +unsigned long unwind_get_return_address(struct unwind_state *state); + +#else /* !CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER */ + +static inline +unsigned long *unwind_get_return_address_ptr(struct unwind_state *state) +{ + return NULL; +} + +static inline +unsigned long unwind_get_return_address(struct unwind_state *state) +{ + if (unwind_done(state)) + return 0; + + return ftrace_graph_ret_addr(state->task, &state->graph_idx, + *state->sp, state->sp); +} + +#endif /* CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER */ + +#endif /* _ASM_X86_UNWIND_H */ diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile b/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile index 0503f5bfb18d..45257cf84370 100644 --- a/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile @@ -125,6 +125,12 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_EFI) += sysfb_efi.o obj-$(CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS) += perf_regs.o obj-$(CONFIG_TRACING) += tracepoint.o +ifdef CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER +obj-y += unwind_frame.o +else +obj-y += unwind_guess.o +endif + ### # 64 bit specific files ifeq ($(CONFIG_X86_64),y) diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..a2456d4d286a --- /dev/null +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#define FRAME_HEADER_SIZE (sizeof(long) * 2) + +unsigned long unwind_get_return_address(struct unwind_state *state) +{ + unsigned long addr; + unsigned long *addr_p = unwind_get_return_address_ptr(state); + + if (unwind_done(state)) + return 0; + + addr = ftrace_graph_ret_addr(state->task, &state->graph_idx, *addr_p, + addr_p); + + return __kernel_text_address(addr) ? addr : 0; +} +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unwind_get_return_address); + +static bool update_stack_state(struct unwind_state *state, void *addr, + size_t len) +{ + struct stack_info *info = &state->stack_info; + + /* + * If addr isn't on the current stack, switch to the next one. + * + * We may have to traverse multiple stacks to deal with the possibility + * that 'info->next_sp' could point to an empty stack and 'addr' could + * be on a subsequent stack. + */ + while (!on_stack(info, addr, len)) + if (get_stack_info(info->next_sp, state->task, info, + &state->stack_mask)) + return false; + + return true; +} + +bool unwind_next_frame(struct unwind_state *state) +{ + unsigned long *next_bp; + + if (unwind_done(state)) + return false; + + next_bp = (unsigned long *)*state->bp; + + /* make sure the next frame's data is accessible */ + if (!update_stack_state(state, next_bp, FRAME_HEADER_SIZE)) + return false; + + /* move to the next frame */ + state->bp = next_bp; + return true; +} +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unwind_next_frame); + +void __unwind_start(struct unwind_state *state, struct task_struct *task, + struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long *first_frame) +{ + memset(state, 0, sizeof(*state)); + state->task = task; + + /* don't even attempt to start from user mode regs */ + if (regs && user_mode(regs)) { + state->stack_info.type = STACK_TYPE_UNKNOWN; + return; + } + + /* set up the starting stack frame */ + state->bp = get_frame_pointer(task, regs); + + /* initialize stack info and make sure the frame data is accessible */ + get_stack_info(state->bp, state->task, &state->stack_info, + &state->stack_mask); + update_stack_state(state, state->bp, FRAME_HEADER_SIZE); + + /* + * The caller can provide the address of the first frame directly + * (first_frame) or indirectly (regs->sp) to indicate which stack frame + * to start unwinding at. Skip ahead until we reach it. + */ + while (!unwind_done(state) && + (!on_stack(&state->stack_info, first_frame, sizeof(long)) || + state->bp < first_frame)) + unwind_next_frame(state); +} +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__unwind_start); diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..b5a834c93065 --- /dev/null +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +bool unwind_next_frame(struct unwind_state *state) +{ + struct stack_info *info = &state->stack_info; + + if (unwind_done(state)) + return false; + + do { + for (state->sp++; state->sp < info->end; state->sp++) + if (__kernel_text_address(*state->sp)) + return true; + + state->sp = info->next_sp; + + } while (!get_stack_info(state->sp, state->task, info, + &state->stack_mask)); + + return false; +} +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unwind_next_frame); + +void __unwind_start(struct unwind_state *state, struct task_struct *task, + struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long *first_frame) +{ + memset(state, 0, sizeof(*state)); + + state->task = task; + state->sp = first_frame; + + get_stack_info(first_frame, state->task, &state->stack_info, + &state->stack_mask); + + if (!__kernel_text_address(*first_frame)) + unwind_next_frame(state); +} +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__unwind_start);