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docs: bridge: add VLAN doc

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Add VLAN part for bridge document.

Acked-by: Nikolay Aleksandrov <razor@blackwall.org>
Reviewed-by: Florian Fainelli <florian.fainelli@broadcom.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Oltean <vladimir.oltean@nxp.com>
Signed-off-by: Hangbin Liu <liuhangbin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
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Hangbin Liu 2023-12-01 16:19:46 +08:00 committed by Paolo Abeni
parent 567d260820
commit 041a6ac4bf
1 changed files with 29 additions and 0 deletions
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29
Documentation/networking/bridge.rst
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@ -148,6 +148,35 @@ called by the kernel when STP is enabled/disabled on a bridge
stp_state <0|1>``). The kernel enables user_stp mode if that command returns
0, or enables kernel_stp mode if that command returns any other value.
VLAN
====
A LAN (Local Area Network) is a network that covers a small geographic area,
typically within a single building or a campus. LANs are used to connect
computers, servers, printers, and other networked devices within a localized
area. LANs can be wired (using Ethernet cables) or wireless (using Wi-Fi).
A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a logical segmentation of a physical
network into multiple isolated broadcast domains. VLANs are used to divide
a single physical LAN into multiple virtual LANs, allowing different groups of
devices to communicate as if they were on separate physical networks.
Typically there are two VLAN implementations, IEEE 802.1Q and IEEE 802.1ad
(also known as QinQ). IEEE 802.1Q is a standard for VLAN tagging in Ethernet
networks. It allows network administrators to create logical VLANs on a
physical network and tag Ethernet frames with VLAN information, which is
called *VLAN-tagged frames*. IEEE 802.1ad, commonly known as QinQ or Double
VLAN, is an extension of the IEEE 802.1Q standard. QinQ allows for the
stacking of multiple VLAN tags within a single Ethernet frame. The Linux
bridge supports both the IEEE 802.1Q and `802.1AD
<https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/1402401565-15423-1-git-send-email-makita.toshiaki@lab.ntt.co.jp/>`_
protocol for VLAN tagging.
`VLAN filtering <https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/1360792820-14116-1-git-send-email-vyasevic@redhat.com/>`_
on a bridge is disabled by default. After enabling VLAN filtering on a bridge,
it will start forwarding frames to appropriate destinations based on their
destination MAC address and VLAN tag (both must match).
FAQ
===