linux/fs/binfmt_misc.c

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/*
* binfmt_misc.c
*
* Copyright (C) 1997 Richard Günther
*
* binfmt_misc detects binaries via a magic or filename extension and invokes
* a specified wrapper. This should obsolete binfmt_java, binfmt_em86 and
* binfmt_mz.
*
* 1997-04-25 first version
* [...]
* 1997-05-19 cleanup
* 1997-06-26 hpa: pass the real filename rather than argv[0]
* 1997-06-30 minor cleanup
* 1997-08-09 removed extension stripping, locking cleanup
* 2001-02-28 AV: rewritten into something that resembles C. Original didn't.
*/
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/magic.h>
#include <linux/binfmts.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/string_helpers.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/namei.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
enum {
VERBOSE_STATUS = 1 /* make it zero to save 400 bytes kernel memory */
};
static LIST_HEAD(entries);
static int enabled = 1;
enum {Enabled, Magic};
#define MISC_FMT_PRESERVE_ARGV0 (1<<31)
#define MISC_FMT_OPEN_BINARY (1<<30)
#define MISC_FMT_CREDENTIALS (1<<29)
typedef struct {
struct list_head list;
unsigned long flags; /* type, status, etc. */
int offset; /* offset of magic */
int size; /* size of magic/mask */
char *magic; /* magic or filename extension */
char *mask; /* mask, NULL for exact match */
char *interpreter; /* filename of interpreter */
char *name;
struct dentry *dentry;
} Node;
static DEFINE_RWLOCK(entries_lock);
static struct file_system_type bm_fs_type;
static struct vfsmount *bm_mnt;
static int entry_count;
/*
* Check if we support the binfmt
* if we do, return the node, else NULL
* locking is done in load_misc_binary
*/
static Node *check_file(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
{
char *p = strrchr(bprm->interp, '.');
struct list_head *l;
list_for_each(l, &entries) {
Node *e = list_entry(l, Node, list);
char *s;
int j;
if (!test_bit(Enabled, &e->flags))
continue;
if (!test_bit(Magic, &e->flags)) {
if (p && !strcmp(e->magic, p + 1))
return e;
continue;
}
s = bprm->buf + e->offset;
if (e->mask) {
for (j = 0; j < e->size; j++)
if ((*s++ ^ e->magic[j]) & e->mask[j])
break;
} else {
for (j = 0; j < e->size; j++)
if ((*s++ ^ e->magic[j]))
break;
}
if (j == e->size)
return e;
}
return NULL;
}
/*
* the loader itself
*/
static int load_misc_binary(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
{
Node *fmt;
struct file * interp_file = NULL;
char iname[BINPRM_BUF_SIZE];
const char *iname_addr = iname;
int retval;
int fd_binary = -1;
retval = -ENOEXEC;
if (!enabled)
goto _ret;
/* to keep locking time low, we copy the interpreter string */
read_lock(&entries_lock);
fmt = check_file(bprm);
if (fmt)
strlcpy(iname, fmt->interpreter, BINPRM_BUF_SIZE);
read_unlock(&entries_lock);
if (!fmt)
goto _ret;
if (!(fmt->flags & MISC_FMT_PRESERVE_ARGV0)) {
retval = remove_arg_zero(bprm);
if (retval)
goto _ret;
}
if (fmt->flags & MISC_FMT_OPEN_BINARY) {
/* if the binary should be opened on behalf of the
* interpreter than keep it open and assign descriptor
* to it */
fd_binary = get_unused_fd();
if (fd_binary < 0) {
retval = fd_binary;
goto _ret;
}
fd_install(fd_binary, bprm->file);
/* if the binary is not readable than enforce mm->dumpable=0
regardless of the interpreter's permissions */
would_dump(bprm, bprm->file);
allow_write_access(bprm->file);
bprm->file = NULL;
/* mark the bprm that fd should be passed to interp */
bprm->interp_flags |= BINPRM_FLAGS_EXECFD;
bprm->interp_data = fd_binary;
} else {
allow_write_access(bprm->file);
fput(bprm->file);
bprm->file = NULL;
}
/* make argv[1] be the path to the binary */
retval = copy_strings_kernel (1, &bprm->interp, bprm);
if (retval < 0)
goto _error;
bprm->argc++;
/* add the interp as argv[0] */
retval = copy_strings_kernel (1, &iname_addr, bprm);
if (retval < 0)
goto _error;
bprm->argc ++;
exec: do not leave bprm->interp on stack If a series of scripts are executed, each triggering module loading via unprintable bytes in the script header, kernel stack contents can leak into the command line. Normally execution of binfmt_script and binfmt_misc happens recursively. However, when modules are enabled, and unprintable bytes exist in the bprm->buf, execution will restart after attempting to load matching binfmt modules. Unfortunately, the logic in binfmt_script and binfmt_misc does not expect to get restarted. They leave bprm->interp pointing to their local stack. This means on restart bprm->interp is left pointing into unused stack memory which can then be copied into the userspace argv areas. After additional study, it seems that both recursion and restart remains the desirable way to handle exec with scripts, misc, and modules. As such, we need to protect the changes to interp. This changes the logic to require allocation for any changes to the bprm->interp. To avoid adding a new kmalloc to every exec, the default value is left as-is. Only when passing through binfmt_script or binfmt_misc does an allocation take place. For a proof of concept, see DoTest.sh from: http://www.halfdog.net/Security/2012/LinuxKernelBinfmtScriptStackDataDisclosure/ Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: halfdog <me@halfdog.net> Cc: P J P <ppandit@redhat.com> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-12-21 07:05:16 +08:00
/* Update interp in case binfmt_script needs it. */
retval = bprm_change_interp(iname, bprm);
if (retval < 0)
goto _error;
interp_file = open_exec (iname);
retval = PTR_ERR (interp_file);
if (IS_ERR (interp_file))
goto _error;
bprm->file = interp_file;
if (fmt->flags & MISC_FMT_CREDENTIALS) {
/*
* No need to call prepare_binprm(), it's already been
* done. bprm->buf is stale, update from interp_file.
*/
memset(bprm->buf, 0, BINPRM_BUF_SIZE);
retval = kernel_read(bprm->file, 0, bprm->buf, BINPRM_BUF_SIZE);
} else
retval = prepare_binprm (bprm);
if (retval < 0)
goto _error;
retval = search_binary_handler(bprm);
if (retval < 0)
goto _error;
_ret:
return retval;
_error:
if (fd_binary > 0)
sys_close(fd_binary);
bprm->interp_flags = 0;
bprm->interp_data = 0;
goto _ret;
}
/* Command parsers */
/*
* parses and copies one argument enclosed in del from *sp to *dp,
* recognising the \x special.
* returns pointer to the copied argument or NULL in case of an
* error (and sets err) or null argument length.
*/
static char *scanarg(char *s, char del)
{
char c;
while ((c = *s++) != del) {
if (c == '\\' && *s == 'x') {
s++;
if (!isxdigit(*s++))
return NULL;
if (!isxdigit(*s++))
return NULL;
}
}
return s;
}
static char * check_special_flags (char * sfs, Node * e)
{
char * p = sfs;
int cont = 1;
/* special flags */
while (cont) {
switch (*p) {
case 'P':
p++;
e->flags |= MISC_FMT_PRESERVE_ARGV0;
break;
case 'O':
p++;
e->flags |= MISC_FMT_OPEN_BINARY;
break;
case 'C':
p++;
/* this flags also implies the
open-binary flag */
e->flags |= (MISC_FMT_CREDENTIALS |
MISC_FMT_OPEN_BINARY);
break;
default:
cont = 0;
}
}
return p;
}
/*
* This registers a new binary format, it recognises the syntax
* ':name:type:offset:magic:mask:interpreter:flags'
* where the ':' is the IFS, that can be chosen with the first char
*/
static Node *create_entry(const char __user *buffer, size_t count)
{
Node *e;
int memsize, err;
char *buf, *p;
char del;
/* some sanity checks */
err = -EINVAL;
if ((count < 11) || (count > 256))
goto out;
err = -ENOMEM;
memsize = sizeof(Node) + count + 8;
[PATCH] getting rid of all casts of k[cmz]alloc() calls Run this: #!/bin/sh for f in $(grep -Erl "\([^\)]*\) *k[cmz]alloc" *) ; do echo "De-casting $f..." perl -pi -e "s/ ?= ?\([^\)]*\) *(k[cmz]alloc) *\(/ = \1\(/" $f done And then go through and reinstate those cases where code is casting pointers to non-pointers. And then drop a few hunks which conflicted with outstanding work. Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>, Ian Molton <spyro@f2s.com> Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com> Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp> Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com> Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com> Cc: Paul Fulghum <paulkf@microgate.com> Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: Karsten Keil <kkeil@suse.de> Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@infradead.org> Cc: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@steeleye.com> Cc: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net> Cc: Steven French <sfrench@us.ibm.com> Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org> Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au> Cc: Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz> Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-13 16:35:56 +08:00
e = kmalloc(memsize, GFP_USER);
if (!e)
goto out;
p = buf = (char *)e + sizeof(Node);
memset(e, 0, sizeof(Node));
if (copy_from_user(buf, buffer, count))
goto Efault;
del = *p++; /* delimeter */
memset(buf+count, del, 8);
e->name = p;
p = strchr(p, del);
if (!p)
goto Einval;
*p++ = '\0';
if (!e->name[0] ||
!strcmp(e->name, ".") ||
!strcmp(e->name, "..") ||
strchr(e->name, '/'))
goto Einval;
switch (*p++) {
case 'E': e->flags = 1<<Enabled; break;
case 'M': e->flags = (1<<Enabled) | (1<<Magic); break;
default: goto Einval;
}
if (*p++ != del)
goto Einval;
if (test_bit(Magic, &e->flags)) {
char *s = strchr(p, del);
if (!s)
goto Einval;
*s++ = '\0';
e->offset = simple_strtoul(p, &p, 10);
if (*p++)
goto Einval;
e->magic = p;
p = scanarg(p, del);
if (!p)
goto Einval;
p[-1] = '\0';
if (!e->magic[0])
goto Einval;
e->mask = p;
p = scanarg(p, del);
if (!p)
goto Einval;
p[-1] = '\0';
if (!e->mask[0])
e->mask = NULL;
e->size = string_unescape_inplace(e->magic, UNESCAPE_HEX);
if (e->mask &&
string_unescape_inplace(e->mask, UNESCAPE_HEX) != e->size)
goto Einval;
if (e->size + e->offset > BINPRM_BUF_SIZE)
goto Einval;
} else {
p = strchr(p, del);
if (!p)
goto Einval;
*p++ = '\0';
e->magic = p;
p = strchr(p, del);
if (!p)
goto Einval;
*p++ = '\0';
if (!e->magic[0] || strchr(e->magic, '/'))
goto Einval;
p = strchr(p, del);
if (!p)
goto Einval;
*p++ = '\0';
}
e->interpreter = p;
p = strchr(p, del);
if (!p)
goto Einval;
*p++ = '\0';
if (!e->interpreter[0])
goto Einval;
p = check_special_flags (p, e);
if (*p == '\n')
p++;
if (p != buf + count)
goto Einval;
return e;
out:
return ERR_PTR(err);
Efault:
kfree(e);
return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
Einval:
kfree(e);
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
}
/*
* Set status of entry/binfmt_misc:
* '1' enables, '0' disables and '-1' clears entry/binfmt_misc
*/
static int parse_command(const char __user *buffer, size_t count)
{
char s[4];
if (!count)
return 0;
if (count > 3)
return -EINVAL;
if (copy_from_user(s, buffer, count))
return -EFAULT;
if (s[count-1] == '\n')
count--;
if (count == 1 && s[0] == '0')
return 1;
if (count == 1 && s[0] == '1')
return 2;
if (count == 2 && s[0] == '-' && s[1] == '1')
return 3;
return -EINVAL;
}
/* generic stuff */
static void entry_status(Node *e, char *page)
{
char *dp;
char *status = "disabled";
const char * flags = "flags: ";
if (test_bit(Enabled, &e->flags))
status = "enabled";
if (!VERBOSE_STATUS) {
sprintf(page, "%s\n", status);
return;
}
sprintf(page, "%s\ninterpreter %s\n", status, e->interpreter);
dp = page + strlen(page);
/* print the special flags */
sprintf (dp, "%s", flags);
dp += strlen (flags);
if (e->flags & MISC_FMT_PRESERVE_ARGV0) {
*dp ++ = 'P';
}
if (e->flags & MISC_FMT_OPEN_BINARY) {
*dp ++ = 'O';
}
if (e->flags & MISC_FMT_CREDENTIALS) {
*dp ++ = 'C';
}
*dp ++ = '\n';
if (!test_bit(Magic, &e->flags)) {
sprintf(dp, "extension .%s\n", e->magic);
} else {
int i;
sprintf(dp, "offset %i\nmagic ", e->offset);
dp = page + strlen(page);
for (i = 0; i < e->size; i++) {
sprintf(dp, "%02x", 0xff & (int) (e->magic[i]));
dp += 2;
}
if (e->mask) {
sprintf(dp, "\nmask ");
dp += 6;
for (i = 0; i < e->size; i++) {
sprintf(dp, "%02x", 0xff & (int) (e->mask[i]));
dp += 2;
}
}
*dp++ = '\n';
*dp = '\0';
}
}
static struct inode *bm_get_inode(struct super_block *sb, int mode)
{
struct inode * inode = new_inode(sb);
if (inode) {
inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
inode->i_mode = mode;
inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime =
current_fs_time(inode->i_sb);
}
return inode;
}
static void bm_evict_inode(struct inode *inode)
{
clear_inode(inode);
kfree(inode->i_private);
}
static void kill_node(Node *e)
{
struct dentry *dentry;
write_lock(&entries_lock);
dentry = e->dentry;
if (dentry) {
list_del_init(&e->list);
e->dentry = NULL;
}
write_unlock(&entries_lock);
if (dentry) {
drop_nlink(dentry->d_inode);
d_drop(dentry);
dput(dentry);
simple_release_fs(&bm_mnt, &entry_count);
}
}
/* /<entry> */
static ssize_t
bm_entry_read(struct file * file, char __user * buf, size_t nbytes, loff_t *ppos)
{
Node *e = file_inode(file)->i_private;
ssize_t res;
char *page;
if (!(page = (char*) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL)))
return -ENOMEM;
entry_status(e, page);
res = simple_read_from_buffer(buf, nbytes, ppos, page, strlen(page));
free_page((unsigned long) page);
return res;
}
static ssize_t bm_entry_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer,
size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
struct dentry *root;
Node *e = file_inode(file)->i_private;
int res = parse_command(buffer, count);
switch (res) {
case 1: clear_bit(Enabled, &e->flags);
break;
case 2: set_bit(Enabled, &e->flags);
break;
case 3: root = dget(file->f_path.dentry->d_sb->s_root);
mutex_lock(&root->d_inode->i_mutex);
kill_node(e);
mutex_unlock(&root->d_inode->i_mutex);
dput(root);
break;
default: return res;
}
return count;
}
static const struct file_operations bm_entry_operations = {
.read = bm_entry_read,
.write = bm_entry_write,
llseek: automatically add .llseek fop All file_operations should get a .llseek operation so we can make nonseekable_open the default for future file operations without a .llseek pointer. The three cases that we can automatically detect are no_llseek, seq_lseek and default_llseek. For cases where we can we can automatically prove that the file offset is always ignored, we use noop_llseek, which maintains the current behavior of not returning an error from a seek. New drivers should normally not use noop_llseek but instead use no_llseek and call nonseekable_open at open time. Existing drivers can be converted to do the same when the maintainer knows for certain that no user code relies on calling seek on the device file. The generated code is often incorrectly indented and right now contains comments that clarify for each added line why a specific variant was chosen. In the version that gets submitted upstream, the comments will be gone and I will manually fix the indentation, because there does not seem to be a way to do that using coccinelle. Some amount of new code is currently sitting in linux-next that should get the same modifications, which I will do at the end of the merge window. Many thanks to Julia Lawall for helping me learn to write a semantic patch that does all this. ===== begin semantic patch ===== // This adds an llseek= method to all file operations, // as a preparation for making no_llseek the default. // // The rules are // - use no_llseek explicitly if we do nonseekable_open // - use seq_lseek for sequential files // - use default_llseek if we know we access f_pos // - use noop_llseek if we know we don't access f_pos, // but we still want to allow users to call lseek // @ open1 exists @ identifier nested_open; @@ nested_open(...) { <+... nonseekable_open(...) ...+> } @ open exists@ identifier open_f; identifier i, f; identifier open1.nested_open; @@ int open_f(struct inode *i, struct file *f) { <+... ( nonseekable_open(...) | nested_open(...) ) ...+> } @ read disable optional_qualifier exists @ identifier read_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; expression E; identifier func; @@ ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { <+... ( *off = E | *off += E | func(..., off, ...) | E = *off ) ...+> } @ read_no_fpos disable optional_qualifier exists @ identifier read_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; @@ ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { ... when != off } @ write @ identifier write_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; expression E; identifier func; @@ ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { <+... ( *off = E | *off += E | func(..., off, ...) | E = *off ) ...+> } @ write_no_fpos @ identifier write_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; @@ ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { ... when != off } @ fops0 @ identifier fops; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... }; @ has_llseek depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier llseek_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .llseek = llseek_f, ... }; @ has_read depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... }; @ has_write depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... }; @ has_open depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier open_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = open_f, ... }; // use no_llseek if we call nonseekable_open //////////////////////////////////////////// @ nonseekable1 depends on !has_llseek && has_open @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier nso ~= "nonseekable_open"; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = nso, ... +.llseek = no_llseek, /* nonseekable */ }; @ nonseekable2 depends on !has_llseek @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier open.open_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = open_f, ... +.llseek = no_llseek, /* open uses nonseekable */ }; // use seq_lseek for sequential files ///////////////////////////////////// @ seq depends on !has_llseek @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier sr ~= "seq_read"; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = sr, ... +.llseek = seq_lseek, /* we have seq_read */ }; // use default_llseek if there is a readdir /////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops1 depends on !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier readdir_e; @@ // any other fop is used that changes pos struct file_operations fops = { ... .readdir = readdir_e, ... +.llseek = default_llseek, /* readdir is present */ }; // use default_llseek if at least one of read/write touches f_pos ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops2 depends on !fops1 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read.read_f; @@ // read fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = default_llseek, /* read accesses f_pos */ }; @ fops3 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write.write_f; @@ // write fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... + .llseek = default_llseek, /* write accesses f_pos */ }; // Use noop_llseek if neither read nor write accesses f_pos /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops4 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !fops3 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_no_fpos.read_f; identifier write_no_fpos.write_f; @@ // write fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read and write both use no f_pos */ }; @ depends on has_write && !has_read && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write_no_fpos.write_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* write uses no f_pos */ }; @ depends on has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_no_fpos.read_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read uses no f_pos */ }; @ depends on !has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* no read or write fn */ }; ===== End semantic patch ===== Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
2010-08-16 00:52:59 +08:00
.llseek = default_llseek,
};
/* /register */
static ssize_t bm_register_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer,
size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
Node *e;
struct inode *inode;
struct dentry *root, *dentry;
struct super_block *sb = file->f_path.dentry->d_sb;
int err = 0;
e = create_entry(buffer, count);
if (IS_ERR(e))
return PTR_ERR(e);
root = dget(sb->s_root);
mutex_lock(&root->d_inode->i_mutex);
dentry = lookup_one_len(e->name, root, strlen(e->name));
err = PTR_ERR(dentry);
if (IS_ERR(dentry))
goto out;
err = -EEXIST;
if (dentry->d_inode)
goto out2;
inode = bm_get_inode(sb, S_IFREG | 0644);
err = -ENOMEM;
if (!inode)
goto out2;
err = simple_pin_fs(&bm_fs_type, &bm_mnt, &entry_count);
if (err) {
iput(inode);
inode = NULL;
goto out2;
}
e->dentry = dget(dentry);
inode->i_private = e;
inode->i_fop = &bm_entry_operations;
d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
write_lock(&entries_lock);
list_add(&e->list, &entries);
write_unlock(&entries_lock);
err = 0;
out2:
dput(dentry);
out:
mutex_unlock(&root->d_inode->i_mutex);
dput(root);
if (err) {
kfree(e);
return -EINVAL;
}
return count;
}
static const struct file_operations bm_register_operations = {
.write = bm_register_write,
llseek: automatically add .llseek fop All file_operations should get a .llseek operation so we can make nonseekable_open the default for future file operations without a .llseek pointer. The three cases that we can automatically detect are no_llseek, seq_lseek and default_llseek. For cases where we can we can automatically prove that the file offset is always ignored, we use noop_llseek, which maintains the current behavior of not returning an error from a seek. New drivers should normally not use noop_llseek but instead use no_llseek and call nonseekable_open at open time. Existing drivers can be converted to do the same when the maintainer knows for certain that no user code relies on calling seek on the device file. The generated code is often incorrectly indented and right now contains comments that clarify for each added line why a specific variant was chosen. In the version that gets submitted upstream, the comments will be gone and I will manually fix the indentation, because there does not seem to be a way to do that using coccinelle. Some amount of new code is currently sitting in linux-next that should get the same modifications, which I will do at the end of the merge window. Many thanks to Julia Lawall for helping me learn to write a semantic patch that does all this. ===== begin semantic patch ===== // This adds an llseek= method to all file operations, // as a preparation for making no_llseek the default. // // The rules are // - use no_llseek explicitly if we do nonseekable_open // - use seq_lseek for sequential files // - use default_llseek if we know we access f_pos // - use noop_llseek if we know we don't access f_pos, // but we still want to allow users to call lseek // @ open1 exists @ identifier nested_open; @@ nested_open(...) { <+... nonseekable_open(...) ...+> } @ open exists@ identifier open_f; identifier i, f; identifier open1.nested_open; @@ int open_f(struct inode *i, struct file *f) { <+... ( nonseekable_open(...) | nested_open(...) ) ...+> } @ read disable optional_qualifier exists @ identifier read_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; expression E; identifier func; @@ ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { <+... ( *off = E | *off += E | func(..., off, ...) | E = *off ) ...+> } @ read_no_fpos disable optional_qualifier exists @ identifier read_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; @@ ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { ... when != off } @ write @ identifier write_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; expression E; identifier func; @@ ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { <+... ( *off = E | *off += E | func(..., off, ...) | E = *off ) ...+> } @ write_no_fpos @ identifier write_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; @@ ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { ... when != off } @ fops0 @ identifier fops; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... }; @ has_llseek depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier llseek_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .llseek = llseek_f, ... }; @ has_read depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... }; @ has_write depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... }; @ has_open depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier open_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = open_f, ... }; // use no_llseek if we call nonseekable_open //////////////////////////////////////////// @ nonseekable1 depends on !has_llseek && has_open @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier nso ~= "nonseekable_open"; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = nso, ... +.llseek = no_llseek, /* nonseekable */ }; @ nonseekable2 depends on !has_llseek @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier open.open_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = open_f, ... +.llseek = no_llseek, /* open uses nonseekable */ }; // use seq_lseek for sequential files ///////////////////////////////////// @ seq depends on !has_llseek @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier sr ~= "seq_read"; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = sr, ... +.llseek = seq_lseek, /* we have seq_read */ }; // use default_llseek if there is a readdir /////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops1 depends on !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier readdir_e; @@ // any other fop is used that changes pos struct file_operations fops = { ... .readdir = readdir_e, ... +.llseek = default_llseek, /* readdir is present */ }; // use default_llseek if at least one of read/write touches f_pos ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops2 depends on !fops1 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read.read_f; @@ // read fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = default_llseek, /* read accesses f_pos */ }; @ fops3 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write.write_f; @@ // write fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... + .llseek = default_llseek, /* write accesses f_pos */ }; // Use noop_llseek if neither read nor write accesses f_pos /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops4 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !fops3 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_no_fpos.read_f; identifier write_no_fpos.write_f; @@ // write fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read and write both use no f_pos */ }; @ depends on has_write && !has_read && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write_no_fpos.write_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* write uses no f_pos */ }; @ depends on has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_no_fpos.read_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read uses no f_pos */ }; @ depends on !has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* no read or write fn */ }; ===== End semantic patch ===== Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
2010-08-16 00:52:59 +08:00
.llseek = noop_llseek,
};
/* /status */
static ssize_t
bm_status_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t nbytes, loff_t *ppos)
{
char *s = enabled ? "enabled\n" : "disabled\n";
return simple_read_from_buffer(buf, nbytes, ppos, s, strlen(s));
}
static ssize_t bm_status_write(struct file * file, const char __user * buffer,
size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
int res = parse_command(buffer, count);
struct dentry *root;
switch (res) {
case 1: enabled = 0; break;
case 2: enabled = 1; break;
case 3: root = dget(file->f_path.dentry->d_sb->s_root);
mutex_lock(&root->d_inode->i_mutex);
while (!list_empty(&entries))
kill_node(list_entry(entries.next, Node, list));
mutex_unlock(&root->d_inode->i_mutex);
dput(root);
break;
default: return res;
}
return count;
}
static const struct file_operations bm_status_operations = {
.read = bm_status_read,
.write = bm_status_write,
llseek: automatically add .llseek fop All file_operations should get a .llseek operation so we can make nonseekable_open the default for future file operations without a .llseek pointer. The three cases that we can automatically detect are no_llseek, seq_lseek and default_llseek. For cases where we can we can automatically prove that the file offset is always ignored, we use noop_llseek, which maintains the current behavior of not returning an error from a seek. New drivers should normally not use noop_llseek but instead use no_llseek and call nonseekable_open at open time. Existing drivers can be converted to do the same when the maintainer knows for certain that no user code relies on calling seek on the device file. The generated code is often incorrectly indented and right now contains comments that clarify for each added line why a specific variant was chosen. In the version that gets submitted upstream, the comments will be gone and I will manually fix the indentation, because there does not seem to be a way to do that using coccinelle. Some amount of new code is currently sitting in linux-next that should get the same modifications, which I will do at the end of the merge window. Many thanks to Julia Lawall for helping me learn to write a semantic patch that does all this. ===== begin semantic patch ===== // This adds an llseek= method to all file operations, // as a preparation for making no_llseek the default. // // The rules are // - use no_llseek explicitly if we do nonseekable_open // - use seq_lseek for sequential files // - use default_llseek if we know we access f_pos // - use noop_llseek if we know we don't access f_pos, // but we still want to allow users to call lseek // @ open1 exists @ identifier nested_open; @@ nested_open(...) { <+... nonseekable_open(...) ...+> } @ open exists@ identifier open_f; identifier i, f; identifier open1.nested_open; @@ int open_f(struct inode *i, struct file *f) { <+... ( nonseekable_open(...) | nested_open(...) ) ...+> } @ read disable optional_qualifier exists @ identifier read_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; expression E; identifier func; @@ ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { <+... ( *off = E | *off += E | func(..., off, ...) | E = *off ) ...+> } @ read_no_fpos disable optional_qualifier exists @ identifier read_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; @@ ssize_t read_f(struct file *f, char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { ... when != off } @ write @ identifier write_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; expression E; identifier func; @@ ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { <+... ( *off = E | *off += E | func(..., off, ...) | E = *off ) ...+> } @ write_no_fpos @ identifier write_f; identifier f, p, s, off; type ssize_t, size_t, loff_t; @@ ssize_t write_f(struct file *f, const char *p, size_t s, loff_t *off) { ... when != off } @ fops0 @ identifier fops; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... }; @ has_llseek depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier llseek_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .llseek = llseek_f, ... }; @ has_read depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... }; @ has_write depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... }; @ has_open depends on fops0 @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier open_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = open_f, ... }; // use no_llseek if we call nonseekable_open //////////////////////////////////////////// @ nonseekable1 depends on !has_llseek && has_open @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier nso ~= "nonseekable_open"; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = nso, ... +.llseek = no_llseek, /* nonseekable */ }; @ nonseekable2 depends on !has_llseek @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier open.open_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .open = open_f, ... +.llseek = no_llseek, /* open uses nonseekable */ }; // use seq_lseek for sequential files ///////////////////////////////////// @ seq depends on !has_llseek @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier sr ~= "seq_read"; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = sr, ... +.llseek = seq_lseek, /* we have seq_read */ }; // use default_llseek if there is a readdir /////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops1 depends on !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier readdir_e; @@ // any other fop is used that changes pos struct file_operations fops = { ... .readdir = readdir_e, ... +.llseek = default_llseek, /* readdir is present */ }; // use default_llseek if at least one of read/write touches f_pos ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops2 depends on !fops1 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read.read_f; @@ // read fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = default_llseek, /* read accesses f_pos */ }; @ fops3 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write.write_f; @@ // write fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... + .llseek = default_llseek, /* write accesses f_pos */ }; // Use noop_llseek if neither read nor write accesses f_pos /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @ fops4 depends on !fops1 && !fops2 && !fops3 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_no_fpos.read_f; identifier write_no_fpos.write_f; @@ // write fops use offset struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read and write both use no f_pos */ }; @ depends on has_write && !has_read && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier write_no_fpos.write_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .write = write_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* write uses no f_pos */ }; @ depends on has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; identifier read_no_fpos.read_f; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... .read = read_f, ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* read uses no f_pos */ }; @ depends on !has_read && !has_write && !fops1 && !fops2 && !has_llseek && !nonseekable1 && !nonseekable2 && !seq @ identifier fops0.fops; @@ struct file_operations fops = { ... +.llseek = noop_llseek, /* no read or write fn */ }; ===== End semantic patch ===== Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
2010-08-16 00:52:59 +08:00
.llseek = default_llseek,
};
/* Superblock handling */
static const struct super_operations s_ops = {
.statfs = simple_statfs,
.evict_inode = bm_evict_inode,
};
static int bm_fill_super(struct super_block * sb, void * data, int silent)
{
static struct tree_descr bm_files[] = {
[2] = {"status", &bm_status_operations, S_IWUSR|S_IRUGO},
[3] = {"register", &bm_register_operations, S_IWUSR},
/* last one */ {""}
};
int err = simple_fill_super(sb, BINFMTFS_MAGIC, bm_files);
if (!err)
sb->s_op = &s_ops;
return err;
}
static struct dentry *bm_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data)
{
return mount_single(fs_type, flags, data, bm_fill_super);
}
static struct linux_binfmt misc_format = {
.module = THIS_MODULE,
.load_binary = load_misc_binary,
};
static struct file_system_type bm_fs_type = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.name = "binfmt_misc",
.mount = bm_mount,
.kill_sb = kill_litter_super,
};
fs: Limit sys_mount to only request filesystem modules. Modify the request_module to prefix the file system type with "fs-" and add aliases to all of the filesystems that can be built as modules to match. A common practice is to build all of the kernel code and leave code that is not commonly needed as modules, with the result that many users are exposed to any bug anywhere in the kernel. Looking for filesystems with a fs- prefix limits the pool of possible modules that can be loaded by mount to just filesystems trivially making things safer with no real cost. Using aliases means user space can control the policy of which filesystem modules are auto-loaded by editing /etc/modprobe.d/*.conf with blacklist and alias directives. Allowing simple, safe, well understood work-arounds to known problematic software. This also addresses a rare but unfortunate problem where the filesystem name is not the same as it's module name and module auto-loading would not work. While writing this patch I saw a handful of such cases. The most significant being autofs that lives in the module autofs4. This is relevant to user namespaces because we can reach the request module in get_fs_type() without having any special permissions, and people get uncomfortable when a user specified string (in this case the filesystem type) goes all of the way to request_module. After having looked at this issue I don't think there is any particular reason to perform any filtering or permission checks beyond making it clear in the module request that we want a filesystem module. The common pattern in the kernel is to call request_module() without regards to the users permissions. In general all a filesystem module does once loaded is call register_filesystem() and go to sleep. Which means there is not much attack surface exposed by loading a filesytem module unless the filesystem is mounted. In a user namespace filesystems are not mounted unless .fs_flags = FS_USERNS_MOUNT, which most filesystems do not set today. Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Reported-by: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com> Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2013-03-03 11:39:14 +08:00
MODULE_ALIAS_FS("binfmt_misc");
static int __init init_misc_binfmt(void)
{
int err = register_filesystem(&bm_fs_type);
if (!err)
insert_binfmt(&misc_format);
return err;
}
static void __exit exit_misc_binfmt(void)
{
unregister_binfmt(&misc_format);
unregister_filesystem(&bm_fs_type);
}
core_initcall(init_misc_binfmt);
module_exit(exit_misc_binfmt);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");