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4313932cd7
e2fsck.h: Add new field, priv_data to the e2fsck context structure. It should be used by callers of the e2fsck functions only, and not by anything in e2fsck itself. super.c: Instead of call ext2fs_get_device_size(), define and call e2fsck_get_device_size(). (This function may be stubbed out in special versions of e2fsck.) pass3.c, pass4.c: Remove extra calls to the progress function that weren't needed. mke2fs.8.in: Update man page to note that the format of the bad block file is the same as the one generated by badblocks.
216 lines
5.4 KiB
Groff
216 lines
5.4 KiB
Groff
.\" -*- nroff -*-
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.\" Copyright 1993, 1994, 1995 by Theodore Ts'o. All Rights Reserved.
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.\" This file may be copied under the terms of the GNU Public License.
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.\"
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.TH E2FSCK 8 "@E2FSPROGS_MONTH@ @E2FSPROGS_YEAR@" "E2fsprogs version @E2FSPROGS_VERSION@"
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.SH NAME
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e2fsck \- check a Linux second extended file system
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B e2fsck
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[
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.B \-pacnyrdfvstFSV
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]
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[
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.B \-b
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.I superblock
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]
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[
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.B \-B
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.I blocksize
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]
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[
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.B \-l|-L
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.I bad_blocks_file
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]
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.I device
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.B e2fsck
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is used to check a Linux second extended file system.
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.TP
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.I device
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is the special file corresponding to the device (e.g /dev/hdXX).
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.SH OPTIONS
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.TP
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.I -a
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This option does the same thing as the
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.I -p
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option. It is provided for backwards compatibility only; it is
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suggested that people use
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.I -p
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option whenever possible.
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.TP
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.I -b superblock
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Instead of using the normal superblock, use an alternative superblock
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specified by
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.IR superblock . This option is normally used when the primary superblock
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has been corrupted; most filesystems have primary superblocks located at
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blocks 8193, 16385, etc. If an alternative superblock is specified and
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the filesystem is not opened read-only, e2fsck will make sure that the
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primary superblock is updated appropriately upon completion of the
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filesystem check.
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.TP
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.I -B blocksize
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Normally,
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.B e2fsck
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will search for the superblock at various different
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block sizes in an attempt to find the appropriate block size.
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This search can be fooled in some cases. This option forces
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.B e2fsck
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to only try locating the superblock at a particular blocksize.
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If the superblock is not found,
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.B e2fsck
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will terminate with a fatal error.
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.TP
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.I -c
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This option causes
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.B e2fsck
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to run the
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.BR badblocks (8)
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program to find any blocks which are bad on the filesystem,
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and then marks them as bad by adding them to the bad block inode.
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.TP
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.I -d
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Print debugging output (useless unless you are debugging
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.BR e2fsck ).
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.TP
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.I -f
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Force checking even if the file system seems clean.
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.TP
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.I -F
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Flush the filesystem device's buffer caches before beginning. Only
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really useful for doing
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.B e2fsck
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time trials.
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.TP
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.I -l filename
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Add the blocks listed in the file specified by
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.I filename
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to the list of bad blocks. The format of this file is the same as the
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one generated by the
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.BR badblocks (8)
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program.
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.TP
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.I -L filename
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Set the bad blocks list to be the list of blocks specified by
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.IR filename .
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(This option is the same as the
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.I -l
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option, except the bad blocks list is cleared before the blocks listed
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in the file are added to the bad blocks list.)
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.TP
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.I -n
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Open the filesystem read-only, and assume an answer of ``no'' to all
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questions. Allows
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.B e2fsck
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to be used non-interactively. (Note: if the
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.IR -c ,
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.IR -l ,
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or
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.I -L
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options are specified in addition to the
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.I -n
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option, then the filesystem will be opened read-write, to permit the
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bad-blocks list to be updated. However, no other changes will be made
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to the filesystem.)
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.TP
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.I -p
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Automatically repair ("preen") the file system without any questions.
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.TP
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.I -r
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This option does nothing at all; it is provided only for backwards
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compatibility.
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.TP
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.I -s
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This option will byte-swap the filesystem so that it is using the normalized,
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standard byte-order (which is i386 or little endian). If the filesystem is
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already in the standard byte-order,
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.B e2fsck
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will take no action.
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.TP
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.I -S
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This option will byte-swap the filesystem, regardless of its current
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byte-order.
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.TP
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.I -t
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Print timing statistics for
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.BR e2fsck .
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If this option is used twice, additional timing statistics are printed
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on a pass by pass basis.
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.TP
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.I -v
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Verbose mode.
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.TP
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.I -V
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Print version information and exit.
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.TP
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.I -y
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Assume an answer of ``yes'' to all questions; allows
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.B e2fsck
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to be used non-interactively.
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.SH EXIT CODE
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The exit code returned by
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.B e2fsck
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is the sum of the following conditions:
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.br
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\ 0\ \-\ No errors
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.br
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\ 1\ \-\ File system errors corrected
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.br
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\ 2\ \-\ File system errors corrected, system should
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.br
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\ \ \ \ be rebooted if file system was mounted
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.br
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\ 4\ \-\ File system errors left uncorrected
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.br
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\ 8\ \-\ Operational error
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.br
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\ 16\ \-\ Usage or syntax error
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.br
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\ 128\ \-\ Shared library error
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.br
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.SH REPORTING BUGS
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Almost any piece of software will have bugs. If you manage to find a
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filesystem which causes
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.B e2fsck
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to crash, or which
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.B e2fsck
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is unable to repair, please report it to the author.
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.PP
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Please include as much information as possible in your bug report.
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Ideally, include a complete transcript of the
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.B e2fsck
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run, so I can see exactly what error messages are displayed. If you
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have a writeable filesystem where the transcript can be stored, the
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.BR script (1)
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program is a handy way to save the output of
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.B e2fsck
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to a file.
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.PP
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It is also useful to send the output of
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.BR dumpe2fs (8).
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If a specific inode or inodes seems to be giving
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.B e2fsck
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trouble, try running the
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.BR debugfs (8)
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command and send the output of the
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.BR stat (1u)
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command run on the relevant inode(s). If the inode is a directory, the
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.B debugfs
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.I dump
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command will allow you to extract the contents of the directory inode,
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which can sent to me after being first run through
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.BR uuencode (1).
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.PP
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Always include the full version string which
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.B e2fsck
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displays when it is run, so I know which version you are running.
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.SH AUTHOR
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This version of
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.B e2fsck
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was written by Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.BR mke2fs (8),
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.BR tune2fs (8),
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.BR dumpe2fs (8),
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.BR debugfs (8)
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