btrfs-progs/btrfs-convert.c

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
 * License v2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
 * License along with this program; if not, write to the
 * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
 * Boston, MA 021110-1307, USA.
 */

#include "kerncompat.h"

#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <uuid/uuid.h>
#include <linux/limits.h>
#include <getopt.h>

#include "ctree.h"
#include "disk-io.h"
#include "volumes.h"
#include "transaction.h"
#include "crc32c.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include "task-utils.h"

#if BTRFSCONVERT_EXT2
#include <ext2fs/ext2_fs.h>
#include <ext2fs/ext2fs.h>
#include <ext2fs/ext2_ext_attr.h>

#define INO_OFFSET (BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID - EXT2_ROOT_INO)

/*
 * Compatibility code for e2fsprogs 1.41 which doesn't support RO compat flag
 * BIGALLOC.
 * Unlike normal RO compat flag, BIGALLOC affects how e2fsprogs check used
 * space, and btrfs-convert heavily relies on it.
 */
#ifdef HAVE_OLD_E2FSPROGS
#define EXT2FS_CLUSTER_RATIO(fs)	(1)
#define EXT2_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(s)	(EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(s))
#define EXT2FS_B2C(fs, blk)		(blk)
#endif

#endif

#define CONV_IMAGE_SUBVOL_OBJECTID BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID

struct task_ctx {
	uint32_t max_copy_inodes;
	uint32_t cur_copy_inodes;
	struct task_info *info;
};

static void *print_copied_inodes(void *p)
{
	struct task_ctx *priv = p;
	const char work_indicator[] = { '.', 'o', 'O', 'o' };
	uint32_t count = 0;

	task_period_start(priv->info, 1000 /* 1s */);
	while (1) {
		count++;
		printf("copy inodes [%c] [%10d/%10d]\r",
		       work_indicator[count % 4], priv->cur_copy_inodes,
		       priv->max_copy_inodes);
		fflush(stdout);
		task_period_wait(priv->info);
	}

	return NULL;
}

static int after_copied_inodes(void *p)
{
	printf("\n");
	fflush(stdout);

	return 0;
}

struct btrfs_convert_context;
struct btrfs_convert_operations {
	const char *name;
	int (*open_fs)(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx, const char *devname);
	int (*read_used_space)(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx);
	int (*copy_inodes)(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx,
			 struct btrfs_root *root, int datacsum,
			 int packing, int noxattr, struct task_ctx *p);
	void (*close_fs)(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx);
	int (*check_state)(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx);
};

static void init_convert_context(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx)
{
	cache_tree_init(&cctx->used);
	cache_tree_init(&cctx->data_chunks);
	cache_tree_init(&cctx->free);
}

static void clean_convert_context(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx)
{
	free_extent_cache_tree(&cctx->used);
	free_extent_cache_tree(&cctx->data_chunks);
	free_extent_cache_tree(&cctx->free);
}

static inline int copy_inodes(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx,
			      struct btrfs_root *root, int datacsum,
			      int packing, int noxattr, struct task_ctx *p)
{
	return cctx->convert_ops->copy_inodes(cctx, root, datacsum, packing,
					     noxattr, p);
}

static inline void convert_close_fs(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx)
{
	cctx->convert_ops->close_fs(cctx);
}

static inline int convert_check_state(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx)
{
	return cctx->convert_ops->check_state(cctx);
}

static int intersect_with_sb(u64 bytenr, u64 num_bytes)
{
	int i;
	u64 offset;

	for (i = 0; i < BTRFS_SUPER_MIRROR_MAX; i++) {
		offset = btrfs_sb_offset(i);
		offset &= ~((u64)BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN - 1);

		if (bytenr < offset + BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN &&
		    bytenr + num_bytes > offset)
			return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int convert_insert_dirent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
				 struct btrfs_root *root,
				 const char *name, size_t name_len,
				 u64 dir, u64 objectid,
				 u8 file_type, u64 index_cnt,
				 struct btrfs_inode_item *inode)
{
	int ret;
	u64 inode_size;
	struct btrfs_key location = {
		.objectid = objectid,
		.offset = 0,
		.type = BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY,
	};

	ret = btrfs_insert_dir_item(trans, root, name, name_len,
				    dir, &location, file_type, index_cnt);
	if (ret)
		return ret;
	ret = btrfs_insert_inode_ref(trans, root, name, name_len,
				     objectid, dir, index_cnt);
	if (ret)
		return ret;
	inode_size = btrfs_stack_inode_size(inode) + name_len * 2;
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_size(inode, inode_size);

	return 0;
}

static int read_disk_extent(struct btrfs_root *root, u64 bytenr,
		            u32 num_bytes, char *buffer)
{
	int ret;
	struct btrfs_fs_devices *fs_devs = root->fs_info->fs_devices;

	ret = pread(fs_devs->latest_bdev, buffer, num_bytes, bytenr);
	if (ret != num_bytes)
		goto fail;
	ret = 0;
fail:
	if (ret > 0)
		ret = -1;
	return ret;
}

static int csum_disk_extent(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
			    struct btrfs_root *root,
			    u64 disk_bytenr, u64 num_bytes)
{
	u32 blocksize = root->sectorsize;
	u64 offset;
	char *buffer;
	int ret = 0;

	buffer = malloc(blocksize);
	if (!buffer)
		return -ENOMEM;
	for (offset = 0; offset < num_bytes; offset += blocksize) {
		ret = read_disk_extent(root, disk_bytenr + offset,
					blocksize, buffer);
		if (ret)
			break;
		ret = btrfs_csum_file_block(trans,
					    root->fs_info->csum_root,
					    disk_bytenr + num_bytes,
					    disk_bytenr + offset,
					    buffer, blocksize);
		if (ret)
			break;
	}
	free(buffer);
	return ret;
}

struct blk_iterate_data {
	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
	struct btrfs_root *root;
	struct btrfs_root *convert_root;
	struct btrfs_inode_item *inode;
	u64 convert_ino;
	u64 objectid;
	u64 first_block;
	u64 disk_block;
	u64 num_blocks;
	u64 boundary;
	int checksum;
	int errcode;
};

static void init_blk_iterate_data(struct blk_iterate_data *data,
				  struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
				  struct btrfs_root *root,
				  struct btrfs_inode_item *inode,
				  u64 objectid, int checksum)
{
	struct btrfs_key key;

	data->trans		= trans;
	data->root		= root;
	data->inode		= inode;
	data->objectid		= objectid;
	data->first_block	= 0;
	data->disk_block	= 0;
	data->num_blocks	= 0;
	data->boundary		= (u64)-1;
	data->checksum		= checksum;
	data->errcode		= 0;

	key.objectid = CONV_IMAGE_SUBVOL_OBJECTID;
	key.type = BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY;
	key.offset = (u64)-1;
	data->convert_root = btrfs_read_fs_root(root->fs_info, &key);
	/* Impossible as we just opened it before */
	BUG_ON(!data->convert_root || IS_ERR(data->convert_root));
	data->convert_ino = BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID + 1;
}

/*
 * Record a file extent in original filesystem into btrfs one.
 * The special point is, old disk_block can point to a reserved range.
 * So here, we don't use disk_block directly but search convert_root
 * to get the real disk_bytenr.
 */
static int record_file_blocks(struct blk_iterate_data *data,
			      u64 file_block, u64 disk_block, u64 num_blocks)
{
	int ret = 0;
	struct btrfs_root *root = data->root;
	struct btrfs_root *convert_root = data->convert_root;
	struct btrfs_path path;
	u64 file_pos = file_block * root->sectorsize;
	u64 old_disk_bytenr = disk_block * root->sectorsize;
	u64 num_bytes = num_blocks * root->sectorsize;
	u64 cur_off = old_disk_bytenr;

	/* Hole, pass it to record_file_extent directly */
	if (old_disk_bytenr == 0)
		return btrfs_record_file_extent(data->trans, root,
				data->objectid, data->inode, file_pos, 0,
				num_bytes);

	btrfs_init_path(&path);

	/*
	 * Search real disk bytenr from convert root
	 */
	while (cur_off < old_disk_bytenr + num_bytes) {
		struct btrfs_key key;
		struct btrfs_file_extent_item *fi;
		struct extent_buffer *node;
		int slot;
		u64 extent_disk_bytenr;
		u64 extent_num_bytes;
		u64 real_disk_bytenr;
		u64 cur_len;

		key.objectid = data->convert_ino;
		key.type = BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY;
		key.offset = cur_off;

		ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, convert_root, &key, &path, 0, 0);
		if (ret < 0)
			break;
		if (ret > 0) {
			ret = btrfs_previous_item(convert_root, &path,
						  data->convert_ino,
						  BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY);
			if (ret < 0)
				break;
			if (ret > 0) {
				ret = -ENOENT;
				break;
			}
		}
		node = path.nodes[0];
		slot = path.slots[0];
		btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(node, &key, slot);
		BUG_ON(key.type != BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY ||
		       key.objectid != data->convert_ino ||
		       key.offset > cur_off);
		fi = btrfs_item_ptr(node, slot, struct btrfs_file_extent_item);
		extent_disk_bytenr = btrfs_file_extent_disk_bytenr(node, fi);
		extent_num_bytes = btrfs_file_extent_disk_num_bytes(node, fi);
		BUG_ON(cur_off - key.offset >= extent_num_bytes);
		btrfs_release_path(&path);

		if (extent_disk_bytenr)
			real_disk_bytenr = cur_off - key.offset +
					   extent_disk_bytenr;
		else
			real_disk_bytenr = 0;
		cur_len = min(key.offset + extent_num_bytes,
			      old_disk_bytenr + num_bytes) - cur_off;
		ret = btrfs_record_file_extent(data->trans, data->root,
					data->objectid, data->inode, file_pos,
					real_disk_bytenr, cur_len);
		if (ret < 0)
			break;
		cur_off += cur_len;
		file_pos += cur_len;

		/*
		 * No need to care about csum
		 * As every byte of old fs image is calculated for csum, no
		 * need to waste CPU cycles now.
		 */
	}
	btrfs_release_path(&path);
	return ret;
}

static int block_iterate_proc(u64 disk_block, u64 file_block,
		              struct blk_iterate_data *idata)
{
	int ret = 0;
	int sb_region;
	int do_barrier;
	struct btrfs_root *root = idata->root;
	struct btrfs_block_group_cache *cache;
	u64 bytenr = disk_block * root->sectorsize;

	sb_region = intersect_with_sb(bytenr, root->sectorsize);
	do_barrier = sb_region || disk_block >= idata->boundary;
	if ((idata->num_blocks > 0 && do_barrier) ||
	    (file_block > idata->first_block + idata->num_blocks) ||
	    (disk_block != idata->disk_block + idata->num_blocks)) {
		if (idata->num_blocks > 0) {
			ret = record_file_blocks(idata, idata->first_block,
						 idata->disk_block,
						 idata->num_blocks);
			if (ret)
				goto fail;
			idata->first_block += idata->num_blocks;
			idata->num_blocks = 0;
		}
		if (file_block > idata->first_block) {
			ret = record_file_blocks(idata, idata->first_block,
					0, file_block - idata->first_block);
			if (ret)
				goto fail;
		}

		if (sb_region) {
			bytenr += BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN - 1;
			bytenr &= ~((u64)BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN - 1);
		} else {
			cache = btrfs_lookup_block_group(root->fs_info, bytenr);
			BUG_ON(!cache);
			bytenr = cache->key.objectid + cache->key.offset;
		}

		idata->first_block = file_block;
		idata->disk_block = disk_block;
		idata->boundary = bytenr / root->sectorsize;
	}
	idata->num_blocks++;
fail:
	return ret;
}

static int create_image_file_range(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
				      struct btrfs_root *root,
				      struct cache_tree *used,
				      struct btrfs_inode_item *inode,
				      u64 ino, u64 bytenr, u64 *ret_len,
				      int datacsum)
{
	struct cache_extent *cache;
	struct btrfs_block_group_cache *bg_cache;
	u64 len = *ret_len;
	u64 disk_bytenr;
	int i;
	int ret;

	if (bytenr != round_down(bytenr, root->sectorsize)) {
		error("bytenr not sectorsize aligned: %llu",
				(unsigned long long)bytenr);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	if (len != round_down(len, root->sectorsize)) {
		error("length not sectorsize aligned: %llu",
				(unsigned long long)len);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	len = min_t(u64, len, BTRFS_MAX_EXTENT_SIZE);

	/*
	 * Skip sb ranges first
	 * [0, 1M), [sb_offset(1), +64K), [sb_offset(2), +64K].
	 *
	 * Or we will insert a hole into current image file, and later
	 * migrate block will fail as there is already a file extent.
	 */
	if (bytenr < 1024 * 1024) {
		*ret_len = 1024 * 1024 - bytenr;
		return 0;
	}
	for (i = 1; i < BTRFS_SUPER_MIRROR_MAX; i++) {
		u64 cur = btrfs_sb_offset(i);

		if (bytenr >= cur && bytenr < cur + BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN) {
			*ret_len = cur + BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN - bytenr;
			return 0;
		}
	}
	for (i = 1; i < BTRFS_SUPER_MIRROR_MAX; i++) {
		u64 cur = btrfs_sb_offset(i);

		/*
		 *      |--reserved--|
		 * |----range-------|
		 * May still need to go through file extent inserts
		 */
		if (bytenr < cur && bytenr + len >= cur) {
			len = min_t(u64, len, cur - bytenr);
			break;
		}
		/*
		 * |--reserved--|
		 *      |---range---|
		 * Drop out, no need to insert anything
		 */
		if (bytenr >= cur && bytenr < cur + BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN) {
			*ret_len = cur + BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN - bytenr;
			return 0;
		}
	}

	cache = search_cache_extent(used, bytenr);
	if (cache) {
		if (cache->start <= bytenr) {
			/*
			 * |///////Used///////|
			 *	|<--insert--->|
			 *	bytenr
			 */
			len = min_t(u64, len, cache->start + cache->size -
				    bytenr);
			disk_bytenr = bytenr;
		} else {
			/*
			 *		|//Used//|
			 *  |<-insert-->|
			 *  bytenr
			 */
			len = min(len, cache->start - bytenr);
			disk_bytenr = 0;
			datacsum = 0;
		}
	} else {
		/*
		 * |//Used//|		|EOF
		 *	    |<-insert-->|
		 *	    bytenr
		 */
		disk_bytenr = 0;
		datacsum = 0;
	}

	if (disk_bytenr) {
		/* Check if the range is in a data block group */
		bg_cache = btrfs_lookup_block_group(root->fs_info, bytenr);
		if (!bg_cache)
			return -ENOENT;
		if (!(bg_cache->flags & BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_DATA))
			return -EINVAL;

		/* The extent should never cross block group boundary */
		len = min_t(u64, len, bg_cache->key.objectid +
			    bg_cache->key.offset - bytenr);
	}

	if (len != round_down(len, root->sectorsize)) {
		error("remaining length not sectorsize aligned: %llu",
				(unsigned long long)len);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	ret = btrfs_record_file_extent(trans, root, ino, inode, bytenr,
				       disk_bytenr, len);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	if (datacsum)
		ret = csum_disk_extent(trans, root, bytenr, len);
	*ret_len = len;
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Relocate old fs data in one reserved ranges
 *
 * Since all old fs data in reserved range is not covered by any chunk nor
 * data extent, we don't need to handle any reference but add new
 * extent/reference, which makes codes more clear
 */
static int migrate_one_reserved_range(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
				      struct btrfs_root *root,
				      struct cache_tree *used,
				      struct btrfs_inode_item *inode, int fd,
				      u64 ino, u64 start, u64 len, int datacsum)
{
	u64 cur_off = start;
	u64 cur_len = len;
	u64 hole_start = start;
	u64 hole_len;
	struct cache_extent *cache;
	struct btrfs_key key;
	struct extent_buffer *eb;
	int ret = 0;

	while (cur_off < start + len) {
		cache = lookup_cache_extent(used, cur_off, cur_len);
		if (!cache)
			break;
		cur_off = max(cache->start, cur_off);
		cur_len = min(cache->start + cache->size, start + len) -
			  cur_off;
		BUG_ON(cur_len < root->sectorsize);

		/* reserve extent for the data */
		ret = btrfs_reserve_extent(trans, root, cur_len, 0, 0, (u64)-1,
					   &key, 1);
		if (ret < 0)
			break;

		eb = malloc(sizeof(*eb) + cur_len);
		if (!eb) {
			ret = -ENOMEM;
			break;
		}

		ret = pread(fd, eb->data, cur_len, cur_off);
		if (ret < cur_len) {
			ret = (ret < 0 ? ret : -EIO);
			free(eb);
			break;
		}
		eb->start = key.objectid;
		eb->len = key.offset;

		/* Write the data */
		ret = write_and_map_eb(trans, root, eb);
		free(eb);
		if (ret < 0)
			break;

		/* Now handle extent item and file extent things */
		ret = btrfs_record_file_extent(trans, root, ino, inode, cur_off,
					       key.objectid, key.offset);
		if (ret < 0)
			break;
		/* Finally, insert csum items */
		if (datacsum)
			ret = csum_disk_extent(trans, root, key.objectid,
					       key.offset);

		/* Don't forget to insert hole */
		hole_len = cur_off - hole_start;
		if (hole_len) {
			ret = btrfs_record_file_extent(trans, root, ino, inode,
					hole_start, 0, hole_len);
			if (ret < 0)
				break;
		}

		cur_off += key.offset;
		hole_start = cur_off;
		cur_len = start + len - cur_off;
	}
	/* Last hole */
	if (start + len - hole_start > 0)
		ret = btrfs_record_file_extent(trans, root, ino, inode,
				hole_start, 0, start + len - hole_start);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Relocate the used ext2 data in reserved ranges
 * [0,1M)
 * [btrfs_sb_offset(1), +BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN)
 * [btrfs_sb_offset(2), +BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN)
 */
static int migrate_reserved_ranges(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
				   struct btrfs_root *root,
				   struct cache_tree *used,
				   struct btrfs_inode_item *inode, int fd,
				   u64 ino, u64 total_bytes, int datacsum)
{
	u64 cur_off;
	u64 cur_len;
	int ret = 0;

	/* 0 ~ 1M */
	cur_off = 0;
	cur_len = 1024 * 1024;
	ret = migrate_one_reserved_range(trans, root, used, inode, fd, ino,
					 cur_off, cur_len, datacsum);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	/* second sb(fisrt sb is included in 0~1M) */
	cur_off = btrfs_sb_offset(1);
	cur_len = min(total_bytes, cur_off + BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN) - cur_off;
	if (cur_off > total_bytes)
		return ret;
	ret = migrate_one_reserved_range(trans, root, used, inode, fd, ino,
					 cur_off, cur_len, datacsum);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	/* Last sb */
	cur_off = btrfs_sb_offset(2);
	cur_len = min(total_bytes, cur_off + BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN) - cur_off;
	if (cur_off > total_bytes)
		return ret;
	ret = migrate_one_reserved_range(trans, root, used, inode, fd, ino,
					 cur_off, cur_len, datacsum);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Helper for expand and merge extent_cache for wipe_one_reserved_range() to
 * handle wiping a range that exists in cache.
 */
static int _expand_extent_cache(struct cache_tree *tree,
				struct cache_extent *entry,
				u64 min_stripe_size, int backward)
{
	struct cache_extent *ce;
	int diff;

	if (entry->size >= min_stripe_size)
		return 0;
	diff = min_stripe_size - entry->size;

	if (backward) {
		ce = prev_cache_extent(entry);
		if (!ce)
			goto expand_back;
		if (ce->start + ce->size >= entry->start - diff) {
			/* Directly merge with previous extent */
			ce->size = entry->start + entry->size - ce->start;
			remove_cache_extent(tree, entry);
			free(entry);
			return 0;
		}
expand_back:
		/* No overlap, normal extent */
		if (entry->start < diff) {
			error("cannot find space for data chunk layout");
			return -ENOSPC;
		}
		entry->start -= diff;
		entry->size += diff;
		return 0;
	}
	ce = next_cache_extent(entry);
	if (!ce)
		goto expand_after;
	if (entry->start + entry->size + diff >= ce->start) {
		/* Directly merge with next extent */
		entry->size = ce->start + ce->size - entry->start;
		remove_cache_extent(tree, ce);
		free(ce);
		return 0;
	}
expand_after:
	entry->size += diff;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Remove one reserve range from given cache tree
 * if min_stripe_size is non-zero, it will ensure for split case,
 * all its split cache extent is no smaller than @min_strip_size / 2.
 */
static int wipe_one_reserved_range(struct cache_tree *tree,
				   u64 start, u64 len, u64 min_stripe_size,
				   int ensure_size)
{
	struct cache_extent *cache;
	int ret;

	BUG_ON(ensure_size && min_stripe_size == 0);
	/*
	 * The logical here is simplified to handle special cases only
	 * So we don't need to consider merge case for ensure_size
	 */
	BUG_ON(min_stripe_size && (min_stripe_size < len * 2 ||
	       min_stripe_size / 2 < BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN));

	/* Also, wipe range should already be aligned */
	BUG_ON(start != round_down(start, BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN) ||
	       start + len != round_up(start + len, BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN));

	min_stripe_size /= 2;

	cache = lookup_cache_extent(tree, start, len);
	if (!cache)
		return 0;

	if (start <= cache->start) {
		/*
		 *	|--------cache---------|
		 * |-wipe-|
		 */
		BUG_ON(start + len <= cache->start);

		/*
		 * The wipe size is smaller than min_stripe_size / 2,
		 * so the result length should still meet min_stripe_size
		 * And no need to do alignment
		 */
		cache->size -= (start + len - cache->start);
		if (cache->size == 0) {
			remove_cache_extent(tree, cache);
			free(cache);
			return 0;
		}

		BUG_ON(ensure_size && cache->size < min_stripe_size);

		cache->start = start + len;
		return 0;
	} else if (start > cache->start && start + len < cache->start +
		   cache->size) {
		/*
		 * |-------cache-----|
		 *	|-wipe-|
		 */
		u64 old_start = cache->start;
		u64 old_len = cache->size;
		u64 insert_start = start + len;
		u64 insert_len;

		cache->size = start - cache->start;
		/* Expand the leading half part if needed */
		if (ensure_size && cache->size < min_stripe_size) {
			ret = _expand_extent_cache(tree, cache,
					min_stripe_size, 1);
			if (ret < 0)
				return ret;
		}

		/* And insert the new one */
		insert_len = old_start + old_len - start - len;
		ret = add_merge_cache_extent(tree, insert_start, insert_len);
		if (ret < 0)
			return ret;

		/* Expand the last half part if needed */
		if (ensure_size && insert_len < min_stripe_size) {
			cache = lookup_cache_extent(tree, insert_start,
						    insert_len);
			if (!cache || cache->start != insert_start ||
			    cache->size != insert_len)
				return -ENOENT;
			ret = _expand_extent_cache(tree, cache,
					min_stripe_size, 0);
		}

		return ret;
	}
	/*
	 * |----cache-----|
	 *		|--wipe-|
	 * Wipe len should be small enough and no need to expand the
	 * remaining extent
	 */
	cache->size = start - cache->start;
	BUG_ON(ensure_size && cache->size < min_stripe_size);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Remove reserved ranges from given cache_tree
 *
 * It will remove the following ranges
 * 1) 0~1M
 * 2) 2nd superblock, +64K (make sure chunks are 64K aligned)
 * 3) 3rd superblock, +64K
 *
 * @min_stripe must be given for safety check
 * and if @ensure_size is given, it will ensure affected cache_extent will be
 * larger than min_stripe_size
 */
static int wipe_reserved_ranges(struct cache_tree *tree, u64 min_stripe_size,
				int ensure_size)
{
	int ret;

	ret = wipe_one_reserved_range(tree, 0, 1024 * 1024, min_stripe_size,
				      ensure_size);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;
	ret = wipe_one_reserved_range(tree, btrfs_sb_offset(1),
			BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN, min_stripe_size, ensure_size);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;
	ret = wipe_one_reserved_range(tree, btrfs_sb_offset(2),
			BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN, min_stripe_size, ensure_size);
	return ret;
}

static int calculate_available_space(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx)
{
	struct cache_tree *used = &cctx->used;
	struct cache_tree *data_chunks = &cctx->data_chunks;
	struct cache_tree *free = &cctx->free;
	struct cache_extent *cache;
	u64 cur_off = 0;
	/*
	 * Twice the minimal chunk size, to allow later wipe_reserved_ranges()
	 * works without need to consider overlap
	 */
	u64 min_stripe_size = 2 * 16 * 1024 * 1024;
	int ret;

	/* Calculate data_chunks */
	for (cache = first_cache_extent(used); cache;
	     cache = next_cache_extent(cache)) {
		u64 cur_len;

		if (cache->start + cache->size < cur_off)
			continue;
		if (cache->start > cur_off + min_stripe_size)
			cur_off = cache->start;
		cur_len = max(cache->start + cache->size - cur_off,
			      min_stripe_size);
		ret = add_merge_cache_extent(data_chunks, cur_off, cur_len);
		if (ret < 0)
			goto out;
		cur_off += cur_len;
	}
	/*
	 * remove reserved ranges, so we won't ever bother relocating an old
	 * filesystem extent to other place.
	 */
	ret = wipe_reserved_ranges(data_chunks, min_stripe_size, 1);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out;

	cur_off = 0;
	/*
	 * Calculate free space
	 * Always round up the start bytenr, to avoid metadata extent corss
	 * stripe boundary, as later mkfs_convert() won't have all the extent
	 * allocation check
	 */
	for (cache = first_cache_extent(data_chunks); cache;
	     cache = next_cache_extent(cache)) {
		if (cache->start < cur_off)
			continue;
		if (cache->start > cur_off) {
			u64 insert_start;
			u64 len;

			len = cache->start - round_up(cur_off,
						      BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN);
			insert_start = round_up(cur_off, BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN);

			ret = add_merge_cache_extent(free, insert_start, len);
			if (ret < 0)
				goto out;
		}
		cur_off = cache->start + cache->size;
	}
	/* Don't forget the last range */
	if (cctx->total_bytes > cur_off) {
		u64 len = cctx->total_bytes - cur_off;
		u64 insert_start;

		insert_start = round_up(cur_off, BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN);

		ret = add_merge_cache_extent(free, insert_start, len);
		if (ret < 0)
			goto out;
	}

	/* Remove reserved bytes */
	ret = wipe_reserved_ranges(free, min_stripe_size, 0);
out:
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Read used space, and since we have the used space,
 * calcuate data_chunks and free for later mkfs
 */
static int convert_read_used_space(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx)
{
	int ret;

	ret = cctx->convert_ops->read_used_space(cctx);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = calculate_available_space(cctx);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Create the fs image file of old filesystem.
 *
 * This is completely fs independent as we have cctx->used, only
 * need to create file extents pointing to all the positions.
 */
static int create_image(struct btrfs_root *root,
			   struct btrfs_mkfs_config *cfg,
			   struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx, int fd,
			   u64 size, char *name, int datacsum)
{
	struct btrfs_inode_item buf;
	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
	struct btrfs_path path;
	struct btrfs_key key;
	struct cache_extent *cache;
	struct cache_tree used_tmp;
	u64 cur;
	u64 ino;
	u64 flags = BTRFS_INODE_READONLY;
	int ret;

	if (!datacsum)
		flags |= BTRFS_INODE_NODATASUM;

	trans = btrfs_start_transaction(root, 1);
	if (!trans)
		return -ENOMEM;

	cache_tree_init(&used_tmp);
	btrfs_init_path(&path);

	ret = btrfs_find_free_objectid(trans, root, BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID,
				       &ino);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out;
	ret = btrfs_new_inode(trans, root, ino, 0400 | S_IFREG);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out;
	ret = btrfs_change_inode_flags(trans, root, ino, flags);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out;
	ret = btrfs_add_link(trans, root, ino, BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID, name,
			     strlen(name), BTRFS_FT_REG_FILE, NULL, 1);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out;

	key.objectid = ino;
	key.type = BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY;
	key.offset = 0;

	ret = btrfs_search_slot(trans, root, &key, &path, 0, 1);
	if (ret) {
		ret = (ret > 0 ? -ENOENT : ret);
		goto out;
	}
	read_extent_buffer(path.nodes[0], &buf,
			btrfs_item_ptr_offset(path.nodes[0], path.slots[0]),
			sizeof(buf));
	btrfs_release_path(&path);

	/*
	 * Create a new used space cache, which doesn't contain the reserved
	 * range
	 */
	for (cache = first_cache_extent(&cctx->used); cache;
	     cache = next_cache_extent(cache)) {
		ret = add_cache_extent(&used_tmp, cache->start, cache->size);
		if (ret < 0)
			goto out;
	}
	ret = wipe_reserved_ranges(&used_tmp, 0, 0);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto out;

	/*
	 * Start from 1M, as 0~1M is reserved, and create_image_file_range()
	 * can't handle bytenr 0(will consider it as a hole)
	 */
	cur = 1024 * 1024;
	while (cur < size) {
		u64 len = size - cur;

		ret = create_image_file_range(trans, root, &used_tmp,
						&buf, ino, cur, &len, datacsum);
		if (ret < 0)
			goto out;
		cur += len;
	}
	/* Handle the reserved ranges */
	ret = migrate_reserved_ranges(trans, root, &cctx->used, &buf, fd, ino,
				      cfg->num_bytes, datacsum);


	key.objectid = ino;
	key.type = BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY;
	key.offset = 0;
	ret = btrfs_search_slot(trans, root, &key, &path, 0, 1);
	if (ret) {
		ret = (ret > 0 ? -ENOENT : ret);
		goto out;
	}
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_size(&buf, cfg->num_bytes);
	write_extent_buffer(path.nodes[0], &buf,
			btrfs_item_ptr_offset(path.nodes[0], path.slots[0]),
			sizeof(buf));
out:
	free_extent_cache_tree(&used_tmp);
	btrfs_release_path(&path);
	btrfs_commit_transaction(trans, root);
	return ret;
}

static struct btrfs_root* link_subvol(struct btrfs_root *root,
		const char *base, u64 root_objectid)
{
	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
	struct btrfs_root *tree_root = fs_info->tree_root;
	struct btrfs_root *new_root = NULL;
	struct btrfs_path path;
	struct btrfs_inode_item *inode_item;
	struct extent_buffer *leaf;
	struct btrfs_key key;
	u64 dirid = btrfs_root_dirid(&root->root_item);
	u64 index = 2;
	char buf[BTRFS_NAME_LEN + 1]; /* for snprintf null */
	int len;
	int i;
	int ret;

	len = strlen(base);
	if (len == 0 || len > BTRFS_NAME_LEN)
		return NULL;

	btrfs_init_path(&path);
	key.objectid = dirid;
	key.type = BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY;
	key.offset = (u64)-1;

	ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &key, &path, 0, 0);
	if (ret <= 0) {
		error("search for DIR_INDEX dirid %llu failed: %d",
				(unsigned long long)dirid, ret);
		goto fail;
	}

	if (path.slots[0] > 0) {
		path.slots[0]--;
		btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path.nodes[0], &key, path.slots[0]);
		if (key.objectid == dirid && key.type == BTRFS_DIR_INDEX_KEY)
			index = key.offset + 1;
	}
	btrfs_release_path(&path);

	trans = btrfs_start_transaction(root, 1);
	if (!trans) {
		error("unable to start transaction");
		goto fail;
	}

	key.objectid = dirid;
	key.offset = 0;
	key.type =  BTRFS_INODE_ITEM_KEY;

	ret = btrfs_lookup_inode(trans, root, &path, &key, 1);
	if (ret) {
		error("search for INODE_ITEM %llu failed: %d",
				(unsigned long long)dirid, ret);
		goto fail;
	}
	leaf = path.nodes[0];
	inode_item = btrfs_item_ptr(leaf, path.slots[0],
				    struct btrfs_inode_item);

	key.objectid = root_objectid;
	key.offset = (u64)-1;
	key.type = BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY;

	memcpy(buf, base, len);
	for (i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {
		ret = btrfs_insert_dir_item(trans, root, buf, len,
					    dirid, &key, BTRFS_FT_DIR, index);
		if (ret != -EEXIST)
			break;
		len = snprintf(buf, ARRAY_SIZE(buf), "%s%d", base, i);
		if (len < 1 || len > BTRFS_NAME_LEN) {
			ret = -EINVAL;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (ret)
		goto fail;

	btrfs_set_inode_size(leaf, inode_item, len * 2 +
			     btrfs_inode_size(leaf, inode_item));
	btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty(leaf);
	btrfs_release_path(&path);

	/* add the backref first */
	ret = btrfs_add_root_ref(trans, tree_root, root_objectid,
				 BTRFS_ROOT_BACKREF_KEY,
				 root->root_key.objectid,
				 dirid, index, buf, len);
	if (ret) {
		error("unable to add root backref for %llu: %d",
				root->root_key.objectid, ret);
		goto fail;
	}

	/* now add the forward ref */
	ret = btrfs_add_root_ref(trans, tree_root, root->root_key.objectid,
				 BTRFS_ROOT_REF_KEY, root_objectid,
				 dirid, index, buf, len);
	if (ret) {
		error("unable to add root ref for %llu: %d",
				root->root_key.objectid, ret);
		goto fail;
	}

	ret = btrfs_commit_transaction(trans, root);
	if (ret) {
		error("transaction commit failed: %d", ret);
		goto fail;
	}

	new_root = btrfs_read_fs_root(fs_info, &key);
	if (IS_ERR(new_root)) {
		error("unable to fs read root: %lu", PTR_ERR(new_root));
		new_root = NULL;
	}
fail:
	btrfs_init_path(&path);
	return new_root;
}

static int create_subvol(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
			 struct btrfs_root *root, u64 root_objectid)
{
	struct extent_buffer *tmp;
	struct btrfs_root *new_root;
	struct btrfs_key key;
	struct btrfs_root_item root_item;
	int ret;

	ret = btrfs_copy_root(trans, root, root->node, &tmp,
			      root_objectid);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	memcpy(&root_item, &root->root_item, sizeof(root_item));
	btrfs_set_root_bytenr(&root_item, tmp->start);
	btrfs_set_root_level(&root_item, btrfs_header_level(tmp));
	btrfs_set_root_generation(&root_item, trans->transid);
	free_extent_buffer(tmp);

	key.objectid = root_objectid;
	key.type = BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY;
	key.offset = trans->transid;
	ret = btrfs_insert_root(trans, root->fs_info->tree_root,
				&key, &root_item);

	key.offset = (u64)-1;
	new_root = btrfs_read_fs_root(root->fs_info, &key);
	if (!new_root || IS_ERR(new_root)) {
		error("unable to fs read root: %lu", PTR_ERR(new_root));
		return PTR_ERR(new_root);
	}

	ret = btrfs_make_root_dir(trans, new_root, BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID);

	return ret;
}

/*
 * New make_btrfs() has handle system and meta chunks quite well.
 * So only need to add remaining data chunks.
 */
static int make_convert_data_block_groups(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
					  struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
					  struct btrfs_mkfs_config *cfg,
					  struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx)
{
	struct btrfs_root *extent_root = fs_info->extent_root;
	struct cache_tree *data_chunks = &cctx->data_chunks;
	struct cache_extent *cache;
	u64 max_chunk_size;
	int ret = 0;

	/*
	 * Don't create data chunk over 10% of the convert device
	 * And for single chunk, don't create chunk larger than 1G.
	 */
	max_chunk_size = cfg->num_bytes / 10;
	max_chunk_size = min((u64)(1024 * 1024 * 1024), max_chunk_size);
	max_chunk_size = round_down(max_chunk_size, extent_root->sectorsize);

	for (cache = first_cache_extent(data_chunks); cache;
	     cache = next_cache_extent(cache)) {
		u64 cur = cache->start;

		while (cur < cache->start + cache->size) {
			u64 len;
			u64 cur_backup = cur;

			len = min(max_chunk_size,
				  cache->start + cache->size - cur);
			ret = btrfs_alloc_data_chunk(trans, extent_root,
					&cur_backup, len,
					BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_DATA, 1);
			if (ret < 0)
				break;
			ret = btrfs_make_block_group(trans, extent_root, 0,
					BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_DATA,
					BTRFS_FIRST_CHUNK_TREE_OBJECTID,
					cur, len);
			if (ret < 0)
				break;
			cur += len;
		}
	}
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Init the temp btrfs to a operational status.
 *
 * It will fix the extent usage accounting(XXX: Do we really need?) and
 * insert needed data chunks, to ensure all old fs data extents are covered
 * by DATA chunks, preventing wrong chunks are allocated.
 *
 * And also create convert image subvolume and relocation tree.
 * (XXX: Not need again?)
 * But the convert image subvolume is *NOT* linked to fs tree yet.
 */
static int init_btrfs(struct btrfs_mkfs_config *cfg, struct btrfs_root *root,
			 struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx, int datacsum,
			 int packing, int noxattr)
{
	struct btrfs_key location;
	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
	struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
	int ret;

	/*
	 * Don't alloc any metadata/system chunk, as we don't want
	 * any meta/sys chunk allcated before all data chunks are inserted.
	 * Or we screw up the chunk layout just like the old implement.
	 */
	fs_info->avoid_sys_chunk_alloc = 1;
	fs_info->avoid_meta_chunk_alloc = 1;
	trans = btrfs_start_transaction(root, 1);
	if (!trans) {
		error("unable to start transaction");
		ret = -EINVAL;
		goto err;
	}
	ret = btrfs_fix_block_accounting(trans, root);
	if (ret)
		goto err;
	ret = make_convert_data_block_groups(trans, fs_info, cfg, cctx);
	if (ret)
		goto err;
	ret = btrfs_make_root_dir(trans, fs_info->tree_root,
				  BTRFS_ROOT_TREE_DIR_OBJECTID);
	if (ret)
		goto err;
	memcpy(&location, &root->root_key, sizeof(location));
	location.offset = (u64)-1;
	ret = btrfs_insert_dir_item(trans, fs_info->tree_root, "default", 7,
				btrfs_super_root_dir(fs_info->super_copy),
				&location, BTRFS_FT_DIR, 0);
	if (ret)
		goto err;
	ret = btrfs_insert_inode_ref(trans, fs_info->tree_root, "default", 7,
				location.objectid,
				btrfs_super_root_dir(fs_info->super_copy), 0);
	if (ret)
		goto err;
	btrfs_set_root_dirid(&fs_info->fs_root->root_item,
			     BTRFS_FIRST_FREE_OBJECTID);

	/* subvol for fs image file */
	ret = create_subvol(trans, root, CONV_IMAGE_SUBVOL_OBJECTID);
	if (ret < 0) {
		error("failed to create subvolume image root: %d", ret);
		goto err;
	}
	/* subvol for data relocation tree */
	ret = create_subvol(trans, root, BTRFS_DATA_RELOC_TREE_OBJECTID);
	if (ret < 0) {
		error("failed to create DATA_RELOC root: %d", ret);
		goto err;
	}

	ret = btrfs_commit_transaction(trans, root);
	fs_info->avoid_sys_chunk_alloc = 0;
	fs_info->avoid_meta_chunk_alloc = 0;
err:
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Migrate super block to its default position and zero 0 ~ 16k
 */
static int migrate_super_block(int fd, u64 old_bytenr, u32 sectorsize)
{
	int ret;
	struct extent_buffer *buf;
	struct btrfs_super_block *super;
	u32 len;
	u32 bytenr;

	buf = malloc(sizeof(*buf) + sectorsize);
	if (!buf)
		return -ENOMEM;

	buf->len = sectorsize;
	ret = pread(fd, buf->data, sectorsize, old_bytenr);
	if (ret != sectorsize)
		goto fail;

	super = (struct btrfs_super_block *)buf->data;
	BUG_ON(btrfs_super_bytenr(super) != old_bytenr);
	btrfs_set_super_bytenr(super, BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET);

	csum_tree_block_size(buf, BTRFS_CRC32_SIZE, 0);
	ret = pwrite(fd, buf->data, sectorsize, BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET);
	if (ret != sectorsize)
		goto fail;

	ret = fsync(fd);
	if (ret)
		goto fail;

	memset(buf->data, 0, sectorsize);
	for (bytenr = 0; bytenr < BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET; ) {
		len = BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET - bytenr;
		if (len > sectorsize)
			len = sectorsize;
		ret = pwrite(fd, buf->data, len, bytenr);
		if (ret != len) {
			fprintf(stderr, "unable to zero fill device\n");
			break;
		}
		bytenr += len;
	}
	ret = 0;
	fsync(fd);
fail:
	free(buf);
	if (ret > 0)
		ret = -1;
	return ret;
}

static int prepare_system_chunk_sb(struct btrfs_super_block *super)
{
	struct btrfs_chunk *chunk;
	struct btrfs_disk_key *key;
	u32 sectorsize = btrfs_super_sectorsize(super);

	key = (struct btrfs_disk_key *)(super->sys_chunk_array);
	chunk = (struct btrfs_chunk *)(super->sys_chunk_array +
				       sizeof(struct btrfs_disk_key));

	btrfs_set_disk_key_objectid(key, BTRFS_FIRST_CHUNK_TREE_OBJECTID);
	btrfs_set_disk_key_type(key, BTRFS_CHUNK_ITEM_KEY);
	btrfs_set_disk_key_offset(key, 0);

	btrfs_set_stack_chunk_length(chunk, btrfs_super_total_bytes(super));
	btrfs_set_stack_chunk_owner(chunk, BTRFS_EXTENT_TREE_OBJECTID);
	btrfs_set_stack_chunk_stripe_len(chunk, BTRFS_STRIPE_LEN);
	btrfs_set_stack_chunk_type(chunk, BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_SYSTEM);
	btrfs_set_stack_chunk_io_align(chunk, sectorsize);
	btrfs_set_stack_chunk_io_width(chunk, sectorsize);
	btrfs_set_stack_chunk_sector_size(chunk, sectorsize);
	btrfs_set_stack_chunk_num_stripes(chunk, 1);
	btrfs_set_stack_chunk_sub_stripes(chunk, 0);
	chunk->stripe.devid = super->dev_item.devid;
	btrfs_set_stack_stripe_offset(&chunk->stripe, 0);
	memcpy(chunk->stripe.dev_uuid, super->dev_item.uuid, BTRFS_UUID_SIZE);
	btrfs_set_super_sys_array_size(super, sizeof(*key) + sizeof(*chunk));
	return 0;
}

#if BTRFSCONVERT_EXT2

/*
 * Open Ext2fs in readonly mode, read block allocation bitmap and
 * inode bitmap into memory.
 */
static int ext2_open_fs(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx, const char *name)
{
	errcode_t ret;
	ext2_filsys ext2_fs;
	ext2_ino_t ino;
	u32 ro_feature;

	ret = ext2fs_open(name, 0, 0, 0, unix_io_manager, &ext2_fs);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ext2fs_open: %s\n", error_message(ret));
		return -1;
	}
	/*
	 * We need to know exactly the used space, some RO compat flags like
	 * BIGALLOC will affect how used space is present.
	 * So we need manuall check any unsupported RO compat flags
	 */
	ro_feature = ext2_fs->super->s_feature_ro_compat;
	if (ro_feature & ~EXT2_LIB_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SUPP) {
		error(
"unsupported RO features detected: %x, abort convert to avoid possible corruption",
		      ro_feature & ~EXT2_LIB_FEATURE_COMPAT_SUPP);
		goto fail;
	}
	ret = ext2fs_read_inode_bitmap(ext2_fs);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ext2fs_read_inode_bitmap: %s\n",
			error_message(ret));
		goto fail;
	}
	ret = ext2fs_read_block_bitmap(ext2_fs);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ext2fs_read_block_bitmap: %s\n",
			error_message(ret));
		goto fail;
	}
	/*
	 * search each block group for a free inode. this set up
	 * uninit block/inode bitmaps appropriately.
	 */
	ino = 1;
	while (ino <= ext2_fs->super->s_inodes_count) {
		ext2_ino_t foo;
		ext2fs_new_inode(ext2_fs, ino, 0, NULL, &foo);
		ino += EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(ext2_fs->super);
	}

	if (!(ext2_fs->super->s_feature_incompat &
	      EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE)) {
		error("filetype feature is missing");
		goto fail;
	}

	cctx->fs_data = ext2_fs;
	cctx->blocksize = ext2_fs->blocksize;
	cctx->block_count = ext2_fs->super->s_blocks_count;
	cctx->total_bytes = ext2_fs->blocksize * ext2_fs->super->s_blocks_count;
	cctx->volume_name = strndup(ext2_fs->super->s_volume_name, 16);
	cctx->first_data_block = ext2_fs->super->s_first_data_block;
	cctx->inodes_count = ext2_fs->super->s_inodes_count;
	cctx->free_inodes_count = ext2_fs->super->s_free_inodes_count;
	return 0;
fail:
	ext2fs_close(ext2_fs);
	return -1;
}

static int __ext2_add_one_block(ext2_filsys fs, char *bitmap,
				unsigned long group_nr, struct cache_tree *used)
{
	unsigned long offset;
	unsigned i;
	int ret = 0;

	offset = fs->super->s_first_data_block;
	offset /= EXT2FS_CLUSTER_RATIO(fs);
	offset += group_nr * EXT2_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(fs->super);
	for (i = 0; i < EXT2_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(fs->super); i++) {
		if (ext2fs_test_bit(i, bitmap)) {
			u64 start;

			start = (i + offset) * EXT2FS_CLUSTER_RATIO(fs);
			start *= fs->blocksize;
			ret = add_merge_cache_extent(used, start,
						     fs->blocksize);
			if (ret < 0)
				break;
		}
	}
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Read all used ext2 space into cctx->used cache tree
 */
static int ext2_read_used_space(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx)
{
	ext2_filsys fs = (ext2_filsys)cctx->fs_data;
	blk64_t blk_itr = EXT2FS_B2C(fs, fs->super->s_first_data_block);
	struct cache_tree *used_tree = &cctx->used;
	char *block_bitmap = NULL;
	unsigned long i;
	int block_nbytes;
	int ret = 0;

	block_nbytes = EXT2_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(fs->super) / 8;
	/* Shouldn't happen */
	BUG_ON(!fs->block_map);

	block_bitmap = malloc(block_nbytes);
	if (!block_bitmap)
		return -ENOMEM;

	for (i = 0; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
		ret = ext2fs_get_block_bitmap_range(fs->block_map, blk_itr,
						block_nbytes * 8, block_bitmap);
		if (ret) {
			error("fail to get bitmap from ext2, %s",
			      strerror(-ret));
			break;
		}
		ret = __ext2_add_one_block(fs, block_bitmap, i, used_tree);
		if (ret < 0) {
			error("fail to build used space tree, %s",
			      strerror(-ret));
			break;
		}
		blk_itr += EXT2_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(fs->super);
	}

	free(block_bitmap);
	return ret;
}

static void ext2_close_fs(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx)
{
	if (cctx->volume_name) {
		free(cctx->volume_name);
		cctx->volume_name = NULL;
	}
	ext2fs_close(cctx->fs_data);
}

struct dir_iterate_data {
	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
	struct btrfs_root *root;
	struct btrfs_inode_item *inode;
	u64 objectid;
	u64 index_cnt;
	u64 parent;
	int errcode;
};

static u8 ext2_filetype_conversion_table[EXT2_FT_MAX] = {
	[EXT2_FT_UNKNOWN]	= BTRFS_FT_UNKNOWN,
	[EXT2_FT_REG_FILE]	= BTRFS_FT_REG_FILE,
	[EXT2_FT_DIR]		= BTRFS_FT_DIR,
	[EXT2_FT_CHRDEV]	= BTRFS_FT_CHRDEV,
	[EXT2_FT_BLKDEV]	= BTRFS_FT_BLKDEV,
	[EXT2_FT_FIFO]		= BTRFS_FT_FIFO,
	[EXT2_FT_SOCK]		= BTRFS_FT_SOCK,
	[EXT2_FT_SYMLINK]	= BTRFS_FT_SYMLINK,
};

static int ext2_dir_iterate_proc(ext2_ino_t dir, int entry,
			    struct ext2_dir_entry *dirent,
			    int offset, int blocksize,
			    char *buf,void *priv_data)
{
	int ret;
	int file_type;
	u64 objectid;
	char dotdot[] = "..";
	struct dir_iterate_data *idata = (struct dir_iterate_data *)priv_data;
	int name_len;

	name_len = dirent->name_len & 0xFF;

	objectid = dirent->inode + INO_OFFSET;
	if (!strncmp(dirent->name, dotdot, name_len)) {
		if (name_len == 2) {
			BUG_ON(idata->parent != 0);
			idata->parent = objectid;
		}
		return 0;
	}
	if (dirent->inode < EXT2_GOOD_OLD_FIRST_INO)
		return 0;

	file_type = dirent->name_len >> 8;
	BUG_ON(file_type > EXT2_FT_SYMLINK);

	ret = convert_insert_dirent(idata->trans, idata->root, dirent->name,
				    name_len, idata->objectid, objectid,
				    ext2_filetype_conversion_table[file_type],
				    idata->index_cnt, idata->inode);
	if (ret < 0) {
		idata->errcode = ret;
		return BLOCK_ABORT;
	}

	idata->index_cnt++;
	return 0;
}

static int ext2_create_dir_entries(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
			      struct btrfs_root *root, u64 objectid,
			      struct btrfs_inode_item *btrfs_inode,
			      ext2_filsys ext2_fs, ext2_ino_t ext2_ino)
{
	int ret;
	errcode_t err;
	struct dir_iterate_data data = {
		.trans		= trans,
		.root		= root,
		.inode		= btrfs_inode,
		.objectid	= objectid,
		.index_cnt	= 2,
		.parent		= 0,
		.errcode	= 0,
	};

	err = ext2fs_dir_iterate2(ext2_fs, ext2_ino, 0, NULL,
				  ext2_dir_iterate_proc, &data);
	if (err)
		goto error;
	ret = data.errcode;
	if (ret == 0 && data.parent == objectid) {
		ret = btrfs_insert_inode_ref(trans, root, "..", 2,
					     objectid, objectid, 0);
	}
	return ret;
error:
	fprintf(stderr, "ext2fs_dir_iterate2: %s\n", error_message(err));
	return -1;
}

static int ext2_block_iterate_proc(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t *blocknr,
			        e2_blkcnt_t blockcnt, blk_t ref_block,
			        int ref_offset, void *priv_data)
{
	int ret;
	struct blk_iterate_data *idata;
	idata = (struct blk_iterate_data *)priv_data;
	ret = block_iterate_proc(*blocknr, blockcnt, idata);
	if (ret) {
		idata->errcode = ret;
		return BLOCK_ABORT;
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * traverse file's data blocks, record these data blocks as file extents.
 */
static int ext2_create_file_extents(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
			       struct btrfs_root *root, u64 objectid,
			       struct btrfs_inode_item *btrfs_inode,
			       ext2_filsys ext2_fs, ext2_ino_t ext2_ino,
			       int datacsum, int packing)
{
	int ret;
	char *buffer = NULL;
	errcode_t err;
	u32 last_block;
	u32 sectorsize = root->sectorsize;
	u64 inode_size = btrfs_stack_inode_size(btrfs_inode);
	struct blk_iterate_data data;

	init_blk_iterate_data(&data, trans, root, btrfs_inode, objectid,
			      datacsum);

	err = ext2fs_block_iterate2(ext2_fs, ext2_ino, BLOCK_FLAG_DATA_ONLY,
				    NULL, ext2_block_iterate_proc, &data);
	if (err)
		goto error;
	ret = data.errcode;
	if (ret)
		goto fail;
	if (packing && data.first_block == 0 && data.num_blocks > 0 &&
	    inode_size <= BTRFS_MAX_INLINE_DATA_SIZE(root)) {
		u64 num_bytes = data.num_blocks * sectorsize;
		u64 disk_bytenr = data.disk_block * sectorsize;
		u64 nbytes;

		buffer = malloc(num_bytes);
		if (!buffer)
			return -ENOMEM;
		ret = read_disk_extent(root, disk_bytenr, num_bytes, buffer);
		if (ret)
			goto fail;
		if (num_bytes > inode_size)
			num_bytes = inode_size;
		ret = btrfs_insert_inline_extent(trans, root, objectid,
						 0, buffer, num_bytes);
		if (ret)
			goto fail;
		nbytes = btrfs_stack_inode_nbytes(btrfs_inode) + num_bytes;
		btrfs_set_stack_inode_nbytes(btrfs_inode, nbytes);
	} else if (data.num_blocks > 0) {
		ret = record_file_blocks(&data, data.first_block,
					 data.disk_block, data.num_blocks);
		if (ret)
			goto fail;
	}
	data.first_block += data.num_blocks;
	last_block = (inode_size + sectorsize - 1) / sectorsize;
	if (last_block > data.first_block) {
		ret = record_file_blocks(&data, data.first_block, 0,
					 last_block - data.first_block);
	}
fail:
	free(buffer);
	return ret;
error:
	fprintf(stderr, "ext2fs_block_iterate2: %s\n", error_message(err));
	return -1;
}

static int ext2_create_symbol_link(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
			      struct btrfs_root *root, u64 objectid,
			      struct btrfs_inode_item *btrfs_inode,
			      ext2_filsys ext2_fs, ext2_ino_t ext2_ino,
			      struct ext2_inode *ext2_inode)
{
	int ret;
	char *pathname;
	u64 inode_size = btrfs_stack_inode_size(btrfs_inode);
	if (ext2fs_inode_data_blocks(ext2_fs, ext2_inode)) {
		btrfs_set_stack_inode_size(btrfs_inode, inode_size + 1);
		ret = ext2_create_file_extents(trans, root, objectid,
				btrfs_inode, ext2_fs, ext2_ino, 1, 1);
		btrfs_set_stack_inode_size(btrfs_inode, inode_size);
		return ret;
	}

	pathname = (char *)&(ext2_inode->i_block[0]);
	BUG_ON(pathname[inode_size] != 0);
	ret = btrfs_insert_inline_extent(trans, root, objectid, 0,
					 pathname, inode_size + 1);
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_nbytes(btrfs_inode, inode_size + 1);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Following xattr/acl related codes are based on codes in
 * fs/ext3/xattr.c and fs/ext3/acl.c
 */
#define EXT2_XATTR_BHDR(ptr) ((struct ext2_ext_attr_header *)(ptr))
#define EXT2_XATTR_BFIRST(ptr) \
	((struct ext2_ext_attr_entry *)(EXT2_XATTR_BHDR(ptr) + 1))
#define EXT2_XATTR_IHDR(inode) \
	((struct ext2_ext_attr_header *) ((void *)(inode) + \
		EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE + (inode)->i_extra_isize))
#define EXT2_XATTR_IFIRST(inode) \
	((struct ext2_ext_attr_entry *) ((void *)EXT2_XATTR_IHDR(inode) + \
		sizeof(EXT2_XATTR_IHDR(inode)->h_magic)))

static int ext2_xattr_check_names(struct ext2_ext_attr_entry *entry,
				  const void *end)
{
	struct ext2_ext_attr_entry *next;

	while (!EXT2_EXT_IS_LAST_ENTRY(entry)) {
		next = EXT2_EXT_ATTR_NEXT(entry);
		if ((void *)next >= end)
			return -EIO;
		entry = next;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int ext2_xattr_check_block(const char *buf, size_t size)
{
	int error;
	struct ext2_ext_attr_header *header = EXT2_XATTR_BHDR(buf);

	if (header->h_magic != EXT2_EXT_ATTR_MAGIC ||
	    header->h_blocks != 1)
		return -EIO;
	error = ext2_xattr_check_names(EXT2_XATTR_BFIRST(buf), buf + size);
	return error;
}

static int ext2_xattr_check_entry(struct ext2_ext_attr_entry *entry,
				  size_t size)
{
	size_t value_size = entry->e_value_size;

	if (entry->e_value_block != 0 || value_size > size ||
	    entry->e_value_offs + value_size > size)
		return -EIO;
	return 0;
}

#define EXT2_ACL_VERSION	0x0001

/* 23.2.5 acl_tag_t values */

#define ACL_UNDEFINED_TAG       (0x00)
#define ACL_USER_OBJ            (0x01)
#define ACL_USER                (0x02)
#define ACL_GROUP_OBJ           (0x04)
#define ACL_GROUP               (0x08)
#define ACL_MASK                (0x10)
#define ACL_OTHER               (0x20)

/* 23.2.7 ACL qualifier constants */

#define ACL_UNDEFINED_ID        ((id_t)-1)

typedef struct {
	__le16		e_tag;
	__le16		e_perm;
	__le32		e_id;
} ext2_acl_entry;

typedef struct {
	__le16		e_tag;
	__le16		e_perm;
} ext2_acl_entry_short;

typedef struct {
	__le32		a_version;
} ext2_acl_header;

static inline int ext2_acl_count(size_t size)
{
	ssize_t s;
	size -= sizeof(ext2_acl_header);
	s = size - 4 * sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short);
	if (s < 0) {
		if (size % sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short))
			return -1;
		return size / sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short);
	} else {
		if (s % sizeof(ext2_acl_entry))
			return -1;
		return s / sizeof(ext2_acl_entry) + 4;
	}
}

#define ACL_EA_VERSION		0x0002

typedef struct {
	__le16		e_tag;
	__le16		e_perm;
	__le32		e_id;
} acl_ea_entry;

typedef struct {
	__le32		a_version;
	acl_ea_entry	a_entries[0];
} acl_ea_header;

static inline size_t acl_ea_size(int count)
{
	return sizeof(acl_ea_header) + count * sizeof(acl_ea_entry);
}

static int ext2_acl_to_xattr(void *dst, const void *src,
			     size_t dst_size, size_t src_size)
{
	int i, count;
	const void *end = src + src_size;
	acl_ea_header *ext_acl = (acl_ea_header *)dst;
	acl_ea_entry *dst_entry = ext_acl->a_entries;
	ext2_acl_entry *src_entry;

	if (src_size < sizeof(ext2_acl_header))
		goto fail;
	if (((ext2_acl_header *)src)->a_version !=
	    cpu_to_le32(EXT2_ACL_VERSION))
		goto fail;
	src += sizeof(ext2_acl_header);
	count = ext2_acl_count(src_size);
	if (count <= 0)
		goto fail;

	BUG_ON(dst_size < acl_ea_size(count));
	ext_acl->a_version = cpu_to_le32(ACL_EA_VERSION);
	for (i = 0; i < count; i++, dst_entry++) {
		src_entry = (ext2_acl_entry *)src;
		if (src + sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short) > end)
			goto fail;
		dst_entry->e_tag = src_entry->e_tag;
		dst_entry->e_perm = src_entry->e_perm;
		switch (le16_to_cpu(src_entry->e_tag)) {
		case ACL_USER_OBJ:
		case ACL_GROUP_OBJ:
		case ACL_MASK:
		case ACL_OTHER:
			src += sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short);
			dst_entry->e_id = cpu_to_le32(ACL_UNDEFINED_ID);
			break;
		case ACL_USER:
		case ACL_GROUP:
			src += sizeof(ext2_acl_entry);
			if (src > end)
				goto fail;
			dst_entry->e_id = src_entry->e_id;
			break;
		default:
			goto fail;
		}
	}
	if (src != end)
		goto fail;
	return 0;
fail:
	return -EINVAL;
}

static char *xattr_prefix_table[] = {
	[1] =	"user.",
	[2] =	"system.posix_acl_access",
	[3] =	"system.posix_acl_default",
	[4] =	"trusted.",
	[6] =	"security.",
};

static int ext2_copy_single_xattr(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
			     struct btrfs_root *root, u64 objectid,
			     struct ext2_ext_attr_entry *entry,
			     const void *data, u32 datalen)
{
	int ret = 0;
	int name_len;
	int name_index;
	void *databuf = NULL;
	char namebuf[XATTR_NAME_MAX + 1];

	name_index = entry->e_name_index;
	if (name_index >= ARRAY_SIZE(xattr_prefix_table) ||
	    xattr_prefix_table[name_index] == NULL)
		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
	name_len = strlen(xattr_prefix_table[name_index]) +
		   entry->e_name_len;
	if (name_len >= sizeof(namebuf))
		return -ERANGE;

	if (name_index == 2 || name_index == 3) {
		size_t bufsize = acl_ea_size(ext2_acl_count(datalen));
		databuf = malloc(bufsize);
		if (!databuf)
		       return -ENOMEM;
		ret = ext2_acl_to_xattr(databuf, data, bufsize, datalen);
		if (ret)
			goto out;
		data = databuf;
		datalen = bufsize;
	}
	strncpy(namebuf, xattr_prefix_table[name_index], XATTR_NAME_MAX);
	strncat(namebuf, EXT2_EXT_ATTR_NAME(entry), entry->e_name_len);
	if (name_len + datalen > BTRFS_LEAF_DATA_SIZE(root) -
	    sizeof(struct btrfs_item) - sizeof(struct btrfs_dir_item)) {
		fprintf(stderr, "skip large xattr on inode %Lu name %.*s\n",
			objectid - INO_OFFSET, name_len, namebuf);
		goto out;
	}
	ret = btrfs_insert_xattr_item(trans, root, namebuf, name_len,
				      data, datalen, objectid);
out:
	free(databuf);
	return ret;
}

static int ext2_copy_extended_attrs(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
			       struct btrfs_root *root, u64 objectid,
			       struct btrfs_inode_item *btrfs_inode,
			       ext2_filsys ext2_fs, ext2_ino_t ext2_ino)
{
	int ret = 0;
	int inline_ea = 0;
	errcode_t err;
	u32 datalen;
	u32 block_size = ext2_fs->blocksize;
	u32 inode_size = EXT2_INODE_SIZE(ext2_fs->super);
	struct ext2_inode_large *ext2_inode;
	struct ext2_ext_attr_entry *entry;
	void *data;
	char *buffer = NULL;
	char inode_buf[EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE];

	if (inode_size <= EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE) {
		ext2_inode = (struct ext2_inode_large *)inode_buf;
	} else {
		ext2_inode = (struct ext2_inode_large *)malloc(inode_size);
		if (!ext2_inode)
		       return -ENOMEM;
	}
	err = ext2fs_read_inode_full(ext2_fs, ext2_ino, (void *)ext2_inode,
				     inode_size);
	if (err) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ext2fs_read_inode_full: %s\n",
			error_message(err));
		ret = -1;
		goto out;
	}

	if (ext2_ino > ext2_fs->super->s_first_ino &&
	    inode_size > EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE) {
		if (EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE +
		    ext2_inode->i_extra_isize > inode_size) {
			ret = -EIO;
			goto out;
		}
		if (ext2_inode->i_extra_isize != 0 &&
		    EXT2_XATTR_IHDR(ext2_inode)->h_magic ==
		    EXT2_EXT_ATTR_MAGIC) {
			inline_ea = 1;
		}
	}
	if (inline_ea) {
		int total;
		void *end = (void *)ext2_inode + inode_size;
		entry = EXT2_XATTR_IFIRST(ext2_inode);
		total = end - (void *)entry;
		ret = ext2_xattr_check_names(entry, end);
		if (ret)
			goto out;
		while (!EXT2_EXT_IS_LAST_ENTRY(entry)) {
			ret = ext2_xattr_check_entry(entry, total);
			if (ret)
				goto out;
			data = (void *)EXT2_XATTR_IFIRST(ext2_inode) +
				entry->e_value_offs;
			datalen = entry->e_value_size;
			ret = ext2_copy_single_xattr(trans, root, objectid,
						entry, data, datalen);
			if (ret)
				goto out;
			entry = EXT2_EXT_ATTR_NEXT(entry);
		}
	}

	if (ext2_inode->i_file_acl == 0)
		goto out;

	buffer = malloc(block_size);
	if (!buffer) {
		ret = -ENOMEM;
		goto out;
	}
	err = ext2fs_read_ext_attr(ext2_fs, ext2_inode->i_file_acl, buffer);
	if (err) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ext2fs_read_ext_attr: %s\n",
			error_message(err));
		ret = -1;
		goto out;
	}
	ret = ext2_xattr_check_block(buffer, block_size);
	if (ret)
		goto out;

	entry = EXT2_XATTR_BFIRST(buffer);
	while (!EXT2_EXT_IS_LAST_ENTRY(entry)) {
		ret = ext2_xattr_check_entry(entry, block_size);
		if (ret)
			goto out;
		data = buffer + entry->e_value_offs;
		datalen = entry->e_value_size;
		ret = ext2_copy_single_xattr(trans, root, objectid,
					entry, data, datalen);
		if (ret)
			goto out;
		entry = EXT2_EXT_ATTR_NEXT(entry);
	}
out:
	free(buffer);
	if ((void *)ext2_inode != inode_buf)
		free(ext2_inode);
	return ret;
}
#define MINORBITS	20
#define MKDEV(ma, mi)	(((ma) << MINORBITS) | (mi))

static inline dev_t old_decode_dev(u16 val)
{
	return MKDEV((val >> 8) & 255, val & 255);
}

static inline dev_t new_decode_dev(u32 dev)
{
	unsigned major = (dev & 0xfff00) >> 8;
	unsigned minor = (dev & 0xff) | ((dev >> 12) & 0xfff00);
	return MKDEV(major, minor);
}

static void ext2_copy_inode_item(struct btrfs_inode_item *dst,
			   struct ext2_inode *src, u32 blocksize)
{
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_generation(dst, 1);
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_sequence(dst, 0);
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_transid(dst, 1);
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_size(dst, src->i_size);
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_nbytes(dst, 0);
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_block_group(dst, 0);
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_nlink(dst, src->i_links_count);
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_uid(dst, src->i_uid | (src->i_uid_high << 16));
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_gid(dst, src->i_gid | (src->i_gid_high << 16));
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_mode(dst, src->i_mode);
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_rdev(dst, 0);
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_flags(dst, 0);
	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_sec(&dst->atime, src->i_atime);
	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_nsec(&dst->atime, 0);
	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_sec(&dst->ctime, src->i_ctime);
	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_nsec(&dst->ctime, 0);
	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_sec(&dst->mtime, src->i_mtime);
	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_nsec(&dst->mtime, 0);
	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_sec(&dst->otime, 0);
	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_nsec(&dst->otime, 0);

	if (S_ISDIR(src->i_mode)) {
		btrfs_set_stack_inode_size(dst, 0);
		btrfs_set_stack_inode_nlink(dst, 1);
	}
	if (S_ISREG(src->i_mode)) {
		btrfs_set_stack_inode_size(dst, (u64)src->i_size_high << 32 |
					   (u64)src->i_size);
	}
	if (!S_ISREG(src->i_mode) && !S_ISDIR(src->i_mode) &&
	    !S_ISLNK(src->i_mode)) {
		if (src->i_block[0]) {
			btrfs_set_stack_inode_rdev(dst,
				old_decode_dev(src->i_block[0]));
		} else {
			btrfs_set_stack_inode_rdev(dst,
				new_decode_dev(src->i_block[1]));
		}
	}
	memset(&dst->reserved, 0, sizeof(dst->reserved));
}
static int ext2_check_state(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx)
{
	ext2_filsys fs = cctx->fs_data;

        if (!(fs->super->s_state & EXT2_VALID_FS))
		return 1;
	else if (fs->super->s_state & EXT2_ERROR_FS)
		return 1;
	else
		return 0;
}

/* EXT2_*_FL to BTRFS_INODE_FLAG_* stringification helper */
#define COPY_ONE_EXT2_FLAG(flags, ext2_inode, name) ({			\
	if (ext2_inode->i_flags & EXT2_##name##_FL)			\
		flags |= BTRFS_INODE_##name;				\
})

/*
 * Convert EXT2_*_FL to corresponding BTRFS_INODE_* flags
 *
 * Only a subset of EXT_*_FL is supported in btrfs.
 */
static void ext2_convert_inode_flags(struct btrfs_inode_item *dst,
				     struct ext2_inode *src)
{
	u64 flags = 0;

	COPY_ONE_EXT2_FLAG(flags, src, APPEND);
	COPY_ONE_EXT2_FLAG(flags, src, SYNC);
	COPY_ONE_EXT2_FLAG(flags, src, IMMUTABLE);
	COPY_ONE_EXT2_FLAG(flags, src, NODUMP);
	COPY_ONE_EXT2_FLAG(flags, src, NOATIME);
	COPY_ONE_EXT2_FLAG(flags, src, DIRSYNC);
	btrfs_set_stack_inode_flags(dst, flags);
}

/*
 * copy a single inode. do all the required works, such as cloning
 * inode item, creating file extents and creating directory entries.
 */
static int ext2_copy_single_inode(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
			     struct btrfs_root *root, u64 objectid,
			     ext2_filsys ext2_fs, ext2_ino_t ext2_ino,
			     struct ext2_inode *ext2_inode,
			     int datacsum, int packing, int noxattr)
{
	int ret;
	struct btrfs_inode_item btrfs_inode;

	if (ext2_inode->i_links_count == 0)
		return 0;

	ext2_copy_inode_item(&btrfs_inode, ext2_inode, ext2_fs->blocksize);
	if (!datacsum && S_ISREG(ext2_inode->i_mode)) {
		u32 flags = btrfs_stack_inode_flags(&btrfs_inode) |
			    BTRFS_INODE_NODATASUM;
		btrfs_set_stack_inode_flags(&btrfs_inode, flags);
	}
	ext2_convert_inode_flags(&btrfs_inode, ext2_inode);

	switch (ext2_inode->i_mode & S_IFMT) {
	case S_IFREG:
		ret = ext2_create_file_extents(trans, root, objectid,
			&btrfs_inode, ext2_fs, ext2_ino, datacsum, packing);
		break;
	case S_IFDIR:
		ret = ext2_create_dir_entries(trans, root, objectid,
				&btrfs_inode, ext2_fs, ext2_ino);
		break;
	case S_IFLNK:
		ret = ext2_create_symbol_link(trans, root, objectid,
				&btrfs_inode, ext2_fs, ext2_ino, ext2_inode);
		break;
	default:
		ret = 0;
		break;
	}
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (!noxattr) {
		ret = ext2_copy_extended_attrs(trans, root, objectid,
				&btrfs_inode, ext2_fs, ext2_ino);
		if (ret)
			return ret;
	}
	return btrfs_insert_inode(trans, root, objectid, &btrfs_inode);
}

/*
 * scan ext2's inode bitmap and copy all used inodes.
 */
static int ext2_copy_inodes(struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx,
			    struct btrfs_root *root,
			    int datacsum, int packing, int noxattr, struct task_ctx *p)
{
	ext2_filsys ext2_fs = cctx->fs_data;
	int ret;
	errcode_t err;
	ext2_inode_scan ext2_scan;
	struct ext2_inode ext2_inode;
	ext2_ino_t ext2_ino;
	u64 objectid;
	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;

	trans = btrfs_start_transaction(root, 1);
	if (!trans)
		return -ENOMEM;
	err = ext2fs_open_inode_scan(ext2_fs, 0, &ext2_scan);
	if (err) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ext2fs_open_inode_scan: %s\n", error_message(err));
		return -1;
	}
	while (!(err = ext2fs_get_next_inode(ext2_scan, &ext2_ino,
					     &ext2_inode))) {
		/* no more inodes */
		if (ext2_ino == 0)
			break;
		/* skip special inode in ext2fs */
		if (ext2_ino < EXT2_GOOD_OLD_FIRST_INO &&
		    ext2_ino != EXT2_ROOT_INO)
			continue;
		objectid = ext2_ino + INO_OFFSET;
		ret = ext2_copy_single_inode(trans, root,
					objectid, ext2_fs, ext2_ino,
					&ext2_inode, datacsum, packing,
					noxattr);
		p->cur_copy_inodes++;
		if (ret)
			return ret;
		if (trans->blocks_used >= 4096) {
			ret = btrfs_commit_transaction(trans, root);
			BUG_ON(ret);
			trans = btrfs_start_transaction(root, 1);
			BUG_ON(!trans);
		}
	}
	if (err) {
		fprintf(stderr, "ext2fs_get_next_inode: %s\n", error_message(err));
		return -1;
	}
	ret = btrfs_commit_transaction(trans, root);
	BUG_ON(ret);
	ext2fs_close_inode_scan(ext2_scan);

	return ret;
}

static const struct btrfs_convert_operations ext2_convert_ops = {
	.name			= "ext2",
	.open_fs		= ext2_open_fs,
	.read_used_space	= ext2_read_used_space,
	.copy_inodes		= ext2_copy_inodes,
	.close_fs		= ext2_close_fs,
	.check_state		= ext2_check_state,
};

#endif

static const struct btrfs_convert_operations *convert_operations[] = {
#if BTRFSCONVERT_EXT2
	&ext2_convert_ops,
#endif
};

static int convert_open_fs(const char *devname,
			   struct btrfs_convert_context *cctx)
{
	int i;

	memset(cctx, 0, sizeof(*cctx));

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(convert_operations); i++) {
		int ret = convert_operations[i]->open_fs(cctx, devname);

		if (ret == 0) {
			cctx->convert_ops = convert_operations[i];
			return ret;
		}
	}

	error("no file system found to convert");
	return -1;
}

static int do_convert(const char *devname, int datacsum, int packing,
		int noxattr, u32 nodesize, int copylabel, const char *fslabel,
		int progress, u64 features)
{
	int ret;
	int fd = -1;
	u32 blocksize;
	u64 total_bytes;
	struct btrfs_root *root;
	struct btrfs_root *image_root;
	struct btrfs_convert_context cctx;
	struct btrfs_key key;
	char *subvol_name = NULL;
	struct task_ctx ctx;
	char features_buf[64];
	struct btrfs_mkfs_config mkfs_cfg;

	init_convert_context(&cctx);
	ret = convert_open_fs(devname, &cctx);
	if (ret)
		goto fail;
	ret = convert_check_state(&cctx);
	if (ret)
		warning(
		"source filesystem is not clean, running filesystem check is recommended");
	ret = convert_read_used_space(&cctx);
	if (ret)
		goto fail;

	blocksize = cctx.blocksize;
	total_bytes = (u64)blocksize * (u64)cctx.block_count;
	if (blocksize < 4096) {
		error("block size is too small: %u < 4096", blocksize);
		goto fail;
	}
	if (btrfs_check_nodesize(nodesize, blocksize, features))
		goto fail;
	fd = open(devname, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		error("unable to open %s: %s", devname, strerror(errno));
		goto fail;
	}
	btrfs_parse_features_to_string(features_buf, features);
	if (features == BTRFS_MKFS_DEFAULT_FEATURES)
		strcat(features_buf, " (default)");

	printf("create btrfs filesystem:\n");
	printf("\tblocksize: %u\n", blocksize);
	printf("\tnodesize:  %u\n", nodesize);
	printf("\tfeatures:  %s\n", features_buf);

	mkfs_cfg.label = cctx.volume_name;
	mkfs_cfg.num_bytes = total_bytes;
	mkfs_cfg.nodesize = nodesize;
	mkfs_cfg.sectorsize = blocksize;
	mkfs_cfg.stripesize = blocksize;
	mkfs_cfg.features = features;
	/* New convert need these space */
	memset(mkfs_cfg.chunk_uuid, 0, BTRFS_UUID_UNPARSED_SIZE);
	memset(mkfs_cfg.fs_uuid, 0, BTRFS_UUID_UNPARSED_SIZE);

	ret = make_btrfs(fd, &mkfs_cfg, &cctx);
	if (ret) {
		error("unable to create initial ctree: %s", strerror(-ret));
		goto fail;
	}

	root = open_ctree_fd(fd, devname, mkfs_cfg.super_bytenr,
			     OPEN_CTREE_WRITES | OPEN_CTREE_FS_PARTIAL);
	if (!root) {
		error("unable to open ctree");
		goto fail;
	}
	ret = init_btrfs(&mkfs_cfg, root, &cctx, datacsum, packing, noxattr);
	if (ret) {
		error("unable to setup the root tree: %d", ret);
		goto fail;
	}

	printf("creating %s image file\n", cctx.convert_ops->name);
	ret = asprintf(&subvol_name, "%s_saved", cctx.convert_ops->name);
	if (ret < 0) {
		error("memory allocation failure for subvolume name: %s_saved",
			cctx.convert_ops->name);
		goto fail;
	}
	key.objectid = CONV_IMAGE_SUBVOL_OBJECTID;
	key.offset = (u64)-1;
	key.type = BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY;
	image_root = btrfs_read_fs_root(root->fs_info, &key);
	if (!image_root) {
		error("unable to create image subvolume");
		goto fail;
	}
	ret = create_image(image_root, &mkfs_cfg, &cctx, fd,
			      mkfs_cfg.num_bytes, "image", datacsum);
	if (ret) {
		error("failed to create %s/image: %d", subvol_name, ret);
		goto fail;
	}

	printf("creating btrfs metadata");
	ctx.max_copy_inodes = (cctx.inodes_count - cctx.free_inodes_count);
	ctx.cur_copy_inodes = 0;

	if (progress) {
		ctx.info = task_init(print_copied_inodes, after_copied_inodes,
				     &ctx);
		task_start(ctx.info);
	}
	ret = copy_inodes(&cctx, root, datacsum, packing, noxattr, &ctx);
	if (ret) {
		error("error during copy_inodes %d", ret);
		goto fail;
	}
	if (progress) {
		task_stop(ctx.info);
		task_deinit(ctx.info);
	}

	image_root = link_subvol(root, subvol_name, CONV_IMAGE_SUBVOL_OBJECTID);
	if (!image_root) {
		error("unable to link subvolume %s", subvol_name);
		goto fail;
	}

	free(subvol_name);

	memset(root->fs_info->super_copy->label, 0, BTRFS_LABEL_SIZE);
	if (copylabel == 1) {
		__strncpy_null(root->fs_info->super_copy->label,
				cctx.volume_name, BTRFS_LABEL_SIZE - 1);
		printf("copy label '%s'\n", root->fs_info->super_copy->label);
	} else if (copylabel == -1) {
		strcpy(root->fs_info->super_copy->label, fslabel);
		printf("set label to '%s'\n", fslabel);
	}

	ret = close_ctree(root);
	if (ret) {
		error("close_ctree failed: %d", ret);
		goto fail;
	}
	convert_close_fs(&cctx);
	clean_convert_context(&cctx);

	/*
	 * If this step succeed, we get a mountable btrfs. Otherwise
	 * the source fs is left unchanged.
	 */
	ret = migrate_super_block(fd, mkfs_cfg.super_bytenr, blocksize);
	if (ret) {
		error("unable to migrate super block: %d", ret);
		goto fail;
	}

	root = open_ctree_fd(fd, devname, 0,
			OPEN_CTREE_WRITES | OPEN_CTREE_FS_PARTIAL);
	if (!root) {
		error("unable to open ctree for finalization");
		goto fail;
	}
	root->fs_info->finalize_on_close = 1;
	close_ctree(root);
	close(fd);

	printf("conversion complete");
	return 0;
fail:
	clean_convert_context(&cctx);
	if (fd != -1)
		close(fd);
	warning(
"an error occurred during conversion, filesystem is partially created but not finalized and not mountable");
	return -1;
}

/*
 * Check if a non 1:1 mapped chunk can be rolled back.
 * For new convert, it's OK while for old convert it's not.
 */
static int may_rollback_chunk(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 bytenr)
{
	struct btrfs_block_group_cache *bg;
	struct btrfs_key key;
	struct btrfs_path path;
	struct btrfs_root *extent_root = fs_info->extent_root;
	u64 bg_start;
	u64 bg_end;
	int ret;

	bg = btrfs_lookup_first_block_group(fs_info, bytenr);
	if (!bg)
		return -ENOENT;
	bg_start = bg->key.objectid;
	bg_end = bg->key.objectid + bg->key.offset;

	key.objectid = bg_end;
	key.type = BTRFS_METADATA_ITEM_KEY;
	key.offset = 0;
	btrfs_init_path(&path);

	ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, extent_root, &key, &path, 0, 0);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	while (1) {
		struct btrfs_extent_item *ei;

		ret = btrfs_previous_extent_item(extent_root, &path, bg_start);
		if (ret > 0) {
			ret = 0;
			break;
		}
		if (ret < 0)
			break;

		btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path.nodes[0], &key, path.slots[0]);
		if (key.type == BTRFS_METADATA_ITEM_KEY)
			continue;
		/* Now it's EXTENT_ITEM_KEY only */
		ei = btrfs_item_ptr(path.nodes[0], path.slots[0],
				    struct btrfs_extent_item);
		/*
		 * Found data extent, means this is old convert must follow 1:1
		 * mapping.
		 */
		if (btrfs_extent_flags(path.nodes[0], ei)
				& BTRFS_EXTENT_FLAG_DATA) {
			ret = -EINVAL;
			break;
		}
	}
	btrfs_release_path(&path);
	return ret;
}

static int may_rollback(struct btrfs_root *root)
{
	struct btrfs_fs_info *info = root->fs_info;
	struct btrfs_multi_bio *multi = NULL;
	u64 bytenr;
	u64 length;
	u64 physical;
	u64 total_bytes;
	int num_stripes;
	int ret;

	if (btrfs_super_num_devices(info->super_copy) != 1)
		goto fail;

	bytenr = BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET;
	total_bytes = btrfs_super_total_bytes(root->fs_info->super_copy);

	while (1) {
		ret = btrfs_map_block(&info->mapping_tree, WRITE, bytenr,
				      &length, &multi, 0, NULL);
		if (ret) {
			if (ret == -ENOENT) {
				/* removed block group at the tail */
				if (length == (u64)-1)
					break;

				/* removed block group in the middle */
				goto next;
			}
			goto fail;
		}

		num_stripes = multi->num_stripes;
		physical = multi->stripes[0].physical;
		free(multi);

		if (num_stripes != 1) {
			error("num stripes for bytenr %llu is not 1", bytenr);
			goto fail;
		}

		/*
		 * Extra check for new convert, as metadata chunk from new
		 * convert is much more free than old convert, it doesn't need
		 * to do 1:1 mapping.
		 */
		if (physical != bytenr) {
			/*
			 * Check if it's a metadata chunk and has only metadata
			 * extent.
			 */
			ret = may_rollback_chunk(info, bytenr);
			if (ret < 0)
				goto fail;
		}
next:
		bytenr += length;
		if (bytenr >= total_bytes)
			break;
	}
	return 0;
fail:
	return -1;
}

static int do_rollback(const char *devname)
{
	int fd = -1;
	int ret;
	int i;
	struct btrfs_root *root;
	struct btrfs_root *image_root;
	struct btrfs_root *chunk_root;
	struct btrfs_dir_item *dir;
	struct btrfs_inode_item *inode;
	struct btrfs_file_extent_item *fi;
	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
	struct extent_buffer *leaf;
	struct btrfs_block_group_cache *cache1;
	struct btrfs_block_group_cache *cache2;
	struct btrfs_key key;
	struct btrfs_path path;
	struct extent_io_tree io_tree;
	char *buf = NULL;
	char *name;
	u64 bytenr;
	u64 num_bytes;
	u64 root_dir;
	u64 objectid;
	u64 offset;
	u64 start;
	u64 end;
	u64 sb_bytenr;
	u64 first_free;
	u64 total_bytes;
	u32 sectorsize;

	extent_io_tree_init(&io_tree);

	fd = open(devname, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		error("unable to open %s: %s", devname, strerror(errno));
		goto fail;
	}
	root = open_ctree_fd(fd, devname, 0, OPEN_CTREE_WRITES);
	if (!root) {
		error("unable to open ctree");
		goto fail;
	}
	ret = may_rollback(root);
	if (ret < 0) {
		error("unable to do rollback: %d", ret);
		goto fail;
	}

	sectorsize = root->sectorsize;
	buf = malloc(sectorsize);
	if (!buf) {
		error("unable to allocate memory");
		goto fail;
	}

	btrfs_init_path(&path);

	key.objectid = CONV_IMAGE_SUBVOL_OBJECTID;
	key.type = BTRFS_ROOT_BACKREF_KEY;
	key.offset = BTRFS_FS_TREE_OBJECTID;
	ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root->fs_info->tree_root, &key, &path, 0,
				0);
	btrfs_release_path(&path);
	if (ret > 0) {
		error("unable to convert ext2 image subvolume, is it deleted?");
		goto fail;
	} else if (ret < 0) {
		error("unable to open ext2_saved, id %llu: %s",
			(unsigned long long)key.objectid, strerror(-ret));
		goto fail;
	}

	key.objectid = CONV_IMAGE_SUBVOL_OBJECTID;
	key.type = BTRFS_ROOT_ITEM_KEY;
	key.offset = (u64)-1;
	image_root = btrfs_read_fs_root(root->fs_info, &key);
	if (!image_root || IS_ERR(image_root)) {
		error("unable to open subvolume %llu: %ld",
			(unsigned long long)key.objectid, PTR_ERR(image_root));
		goto fail;
	}

	name = "image";
	root_dir = btrfs_root_dirid(&root->root_item);
	dir = btrfs_lookup_dir_item(NULL, image_root, &path,
				   root_dir, name, strlen(name), 0);
	if (!dir || IS_ERR(dir)) {
		error("unable to find file %s: %ld", name, PTR_ERR(dir));
		goto fail;
	}
	leaf = path.nodes[0];
	btrfs_dir_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, dir, &key);
	btrfs_release_path(&path);

	objectid = key.objectid;

	ret = btrfs_lookup_inode(NULL, image_root, &path, &key, 0);
	if (ret) {
		error("unable to find inode item: %d", ret);
		goto fail;
	}
	leaf = path.nodes[0];
	inode = btrfs_item_ptr(leaf, path.slots[0], struct btrfs_inode_item);
	total_bytes = btrfs_inode_size(leaf, inode);
	btrfs_release_path(&path);

	key.objectid = objectid;
	key.offset = 0;
	key.type = BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY;
	ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, image_root, &key, &path, 0, 0);
	if (ret != 0) {
		error("unable to find first file extent: %d", ret);
		btrfs_release_path(&path);
		goto fail;
	}

	/* build mapping tree for the relocated blocks */
	for (offset = 0; offset < total_bytes; ) {
		leaf = path.nodes[0];
		if (path.slots[0] >= btrfs_header_nritems(leaf)) {
			ret = btrfs_next_leaf(root, &path);
			if (ret != 0)
				break;	
			continue;
		}

		btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(leaf, &key, path.slots[0]);
		if (key.objectid != objectid || key.offset != offset ||
		    key.type != BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY)
			break;

		fi = btrfs_item_ptr(leaf, path.slots[0],
				    struct btrfs_file_extent_item);
		if (btrfs_file_extent_type(leaf, fi) != BTRFS_FILE_EXTENT_REG)
			break;
		if (btrfs_file_extent_compression(leaf, fi) ||
		    btrfs_file_extent_encryption(leaf, fi) ||
		    btrfs_file_extent_other_encoding(leaf, fi))
			break;

		bytenr = btrfs_file_extent_disk_bytenr(leaf, fi);
		/* skip holes and direct mapped extents */
		if (bytenr == 0 || bytenr == offset)
			goto next_extent;

		bytenr += btrfs_file_extent_offset(leaf, fi);
		num_bytes = btrfs_file_extent_num_bytes(leaf, fi);

		cache1 = btrfs_lookup_block_group(root->fs_info, offset);
		cache2 = btrfs_lookup_block_group(root->fs_info,
						  offset + num_bytes - 1);
		/*
		 * Here we must take consideration of old and new convert
		 * behavior.
		 * For old convert case, sign, there is no consist chunk type
		 * that will cover the extent. META/DATA/SYS are all possible.
		 * Just ensure relocate one is in SYS chunk.
		 * For new convert case, they are all covered by DATA chunk.
		 *
		 * So, there is not valid chunk type check for it now.
		 */
		if (cache1 != cache2)
			break;

		set_extent_bits(&io_tree, offset, offset + num_bytes - 1,
				EXTENT_LOCKED, GFP_NOFS);
		set_state_private(&io_tree, offset, bytenr);
next_extent:
		offset += btrfs_file_extent_num_bytes(leaf, fi);
		path.slots[0]++;
	}
	btrfs_release_path(&path);

	if (offset < total_bytes) {
		error("unable to build extent mapping (offset %llu, total_bytes %llu)",
				(unsigned long long)offset,
				(unsigned long long)total_bytes);
		error("converted filesystem after balance is unable to rollback");
		goto fail;
	}

	first_free = BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET + 2 * sectorsize - 1;
	first_free &= ~((u64)sectorsize - 1);
	/* backup for extent #0 should exist */
	if(!test_range_bit(&io_tree, 0, first_free - 1, EXTENT_LOCKED, 1)) {
		error("no backup for the first extent");
		goto fail;
	}
	/* force no allocation from system block group */
	root->fs_info->system_allocs = -1;
	trans = btrfs_start_transaction(root, 1);
	if (!trans) {
		error("unable to start transaction");
		goto fail;
	}
	/*
	 * recow the whole chunk tree, this will remove all chunk tree blocks
	 * from system block group
	 */
	chunk_root = root->fs_info->chunk_root;
	memset(&key, 0, sizeof(key));
	while (1) {
		ret = btrfs_search_slot(trans, chunk_root, &key, &path, 0, 1);
		if (ret < 0)
			break;

		ret = btrfs_next_leaf(chunk_root, &path);
		if (ret)
			break;

		btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path.nodes[0], &key, path.slots[0]);
		btrfs_release_path(&path);
	}
	btrfs_release_path(&path);

	offset = 0;
	num_bytes = 0;
	while(1) {
		cache1 = btrfs_lookup_block_group(root->fs_info, offset);
		if (!cache1)
			break;

		if (cache1->flags & BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_SYSTEM)
			num_bytes += btrfs_block_group_used(&cache1->item);

		offset = cache1->key.objectid + cache1->key.offset;
	}
	/* only extent #0 left in system block group? */
	if (num_bytes > first_free) {
		error(
	"unable to empty system block group (num_bytes %llu, first_free %llu",
				(unsigned long long)num_bytes,
				(unsigned long long)first_free);
		goto fail;
	}
	/* create a system chunk that maps the whole device */
	ret = prepare_system_chunk_sb(root->fs_info->super_copy);
	if (ret) {
		error("unable to update system chunk: %d", ret);
		goto fail;
	}

	ret = btrfs_commit_transaction(trans, root);
	if (ret) {
		error("transaction commit failed: %d", ret);
		goto fail;
	}

	ret = close_ctree(root);
	if (ret) {
		error("close_ctree failed: %d", ret);
		goto fail;
	}

	/* zero btrfs super block mirrors */
	memset(buf, 0, sectorsize);
	for (i = 1 ; i < BTRFS_SUPER_MIRROR_MAX; i++) {
		bytenr = btrfs_sb_offset(i);
		if (bytenr >= total_bytes)
			break;
		ret = pwrite(fd, buf, sectorsize, bytenr);
		if (ret != sectorsize) {
			error("zeroing superblock mirror %d failed: %d",
					i, ret);
			goto fail;
		}
	}

	sb_bytenr = (u64)-1;
	/* copy all relocated blocks back */
	while(1) {
		ret = find_first_extent_bit(&io_tree, 0, &start, &end,
					    EXTENT_LOCKED);
		if (ret)
			break;

		ret = get_state_private(&io_tree, start, &bytenr);
		BUG_ON(ret);

		clear_extent_bits(&io_tree, start, end, EXTENT_LOCKED,
				  GFP_NOFS);

		while (start <= end) {
			if (start == BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET) {
				sb_bytenr = bytenr;
				goto next_sector;
			}
			ret = pread(fd, buf, sectorsize, bytenr);
			if (ret < 0) {
				error("reading superblock at %llu failed: %d",
						(unsigned long long)bytenr, ret);
				goto fail;
			}
			BUG_ON(ret != sectorsize);
			ret = pwrite(fd, buf, sectorsize, start);
			if (ret < 0) {
				error("writing superblock at %llu failed: %d",
						(unsigned long long)start, ret);
				goto fail;
			}
			BUG_ON(ret != sectorsize);
next_sector:
			start += sectorsize;
			bytenr += sectorsize;
		}
	}

	ret = fsync(fd);
	if (ret < 0) {
		error("fsync failed: %s", strerror(errno));
		goto fail;
	}
	/*
	 * finally, overwrite btrfs super block.
	 */
	ret = pread(fd, buf, sectorsize, sb_bytenr);
	if (ret < 0) {
		error("reading primary superblock failed: %s",
				strerror(errno));
		goto fail;
	}
	BUG_ON(ret != sectorsize);
	ret = pwrite(fd, buf, sectorsize, BTRFS_SUPER_INFO_OFFSET);
	if (ret < 0) {
		error("writing primary superblock failed: %s",
				strerror(errno));
		goto fail;
	}
	BUG_ON(ret != sectorsize);
	ret = fsync(fd);
	if (ret < 0) {
		error("fsync failed: %s", strerror(errno));
		goto fail;
	}

	close(fd);
	free(buf);
	extent_io_tree_cleanup(&io_tree);
	printf("rollback complete\n");
	return 0;

fail:
	if (fd != -1)
		close(fd);
	free(buf);
	error("rollback aborted");
	return -1;
}

static void print_usage(void)
{
	printf("usage: btrfs-convert [options] device\n");
	printf("options:\n");
	printf("\t-d|--no-datasum        disable data checksum, sets NODATASUM\n");
	printf("\t-i|--no-xattr          ignore xattrs and ACLs\n");
	printf("\t-n|--no-inline         disable inlining of small files to metadata\n");
	printf("\t-N|--nodesize SIZE     set filesystem metadata nodesize\n");
	printf("\t-r|--rollback          roll back to the original filesystem\n");
	printf("\t-l|--label LABEL       set filesystem label\n");
	printf("\t-L|--copy-label        use label from converted filesystem\n");
	printf("\t-p|--progress          show converting progress (default)\n");
	printf("\t-O|--features LIST     comma separated list of filesystem features\n");
	printf("\t--no-progress          show only overview, not the detailed progress\n");
	printf("\n");
	printf("Supported filesystems:\n");
	printf("\text2/3/4: %s\n", BTRFSCONVERT_EXT2 ? "yes" : "no");
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int ret;
	int packing = 1;
	int noxattr = 0;
	int datacsum = 1;
	u32 nodesize = max_t(u32, sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE),
			BTRFS_MKFS_DEFAULT_NODE_SIZE);
	int rollback = 0;
	int copylabel = 0;
	int usage_error = 0;
	int progress = 1;
	char *file;
	char fslabel[BTRFS_LABEL_SIZE];
	u64 features = BTRFS_MKFS_DEFAULT_FEATURES;

	while(1) {
		enum { GETOPT_VAL_NO_PROGRESS = 256 };
		static const struct option long_options[] = {
			{ "no-progress", no_argument, NULL,
				GETOPT_VAL_NO_PROGRESS },
			{ "no-datasum", no_argument, NULL, 'd' },
			{ "no-inline", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
			{ "no-xattr", no_argument, NULL, 'i' },
			{ "rollback", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
			{ "features", required_argument, NULL, 'O' },
			{ "progress", no_argument, NULL, 'p' },
			{ "label", required_argument, NULL, 'l' },
			{ "copy-label", no_argument, NULL, 'L' },
			{ "nodesize", required_argument, NULL, 'N' },
			{ "help", no_argument, NULL, GETOPT_VAL_HELP},
			{ NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
		};
		int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "dinN:rl:LpO:", long_options, NULL);

		if (c < 0)
			break;
		switch(c) {
			case 'd':
				datacsum = 0;
				break;
			case 'i':
				noxattr = 1;
				break;
			case 'n':
				packing = 0;
				break;
			case 'N':
				nodesize = parse_size(optarg);
				break;
			case 'r':
				rollback = 1;
				break;
			case 'l':
				copylabel = -1;
				if (strlen(optarg) >= BTRFS_LABEL_SIZE) {
					warning(
					"label too long, trimmed to %d bytes",
						BTRFS_LABEL_SIZE - 1);
				}
				__strncpy_null(fslabel, optarg, BTRFS_LABEL_SIZE - 1);
				break;
			case 'L':
				copylabel = 1;
				break;
			case 'p':
				progress = 1;
				break;
			case 'O': {
				char *orig = strdup(optarg);
				char *tmp = orig;

				tmp = btrfs_parse_fs_features(tmp, &features);
				if (tmp) {
					error("unrecognized filesystem feature: %s",
							tmp);
					free(orig);
					exit(1);
				}
				free(orig);
				if (features & BTRFS_FEATURE_LIST_ALL) {
					btrfs_list_all_fs_features(
						~BTRFS_CONVERT_ALLOWED_FEATURES);
					exit(0);
				}
				if (features & ~BTRFS_CONVERT_ALLOWED_FEATURES) {
					char buf[64];

					btrfs_parse_features_to_string(buf,
						features & ~BTRFS_CONVERT_ALLOWED_FEATURES);
					error("features not allowed for convert: %s",
						buf);
					exit(1);
				}

				break;
				}
			case GETOPT_VAL_NO_PROGRESS:
				progress = 0;
				break;
			case GETOPT_VAL_HELP:
			default:
				print_usage();
				return c != GETOPT_VAL_HELP;
		}
	}
	set_argv0(argv);
	if (check_argc_exact(argc - optind, 1)) {
		print_usage();
		return 1;
	}

	if (rollback && (!datacsum || noxattr || !packing)) {
		fprintf(stderr,
			"Usage error: -d, -i, -n options do not apply to rollback\n");
		usage_error++;
	}

	if (usage_error) {
		print_usage();
		return 1;
	}

	file = argv[optind];
	ret = check_mounted(file);
	if (ret < 0) {
		error("could not check mount status: %s", strerror(-ret));
		return 1;
	} else if (ret) {
		error("%s is mounted", file);
		return 1;
	}

	if (rollback) {
		ret = do_rollback(file);
	} else {
		ret = do_convert(file, datacsum, packing, noxattr, nodesize,
				copylabel, fslabel, progress, features);
	}
	if (ret)
		return 1;
	return 0;
}